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  Microsoft Word - WTACCTJK13A1_LEG_10

Basic Definitions The present Law uses the following basic definitions:  license –special permission issued by a licensing body to a legal entity or individual entrepreneur for implementing a specific type of activity with the mandatory observance of licensing requirements and conditions;  licensed type of activity – an activity the implementation of which requires license pursuant to the present Law within the territory of Republic of Tajikistan;  licensing – arrangements related to license issuing, re-legalization of documents confirming the license availability, license suspension and recommencement, license cancellation and oversight by a licensing body over the observance by licensees of the relevant licensing requirements and conditions when implementing the licensed types of activity;  licensing requirements and conditions – an aggregate of requirements and conditions determined by provisions on licensing peculiarities for specific types of activity and the implementation of which by licensees is mandatory;  licensing bodies – executive power bodies implementing licensing in compliance with this Law;  licensee –a legal entity or individual entrepreneur having license to implement the specific type of activity;  license candidate–a legal entity or individual entrepreneur which has applied to a licensing body to issue license for implementing the specific type of activity;  license register –an aggregate of data on license issuing, re-legalization of documents confirming the license availability, license suspension, resumption, and cancellation. (...) A type of licensed activity may be implemented only by a legal entity or individual entrepreneur having license. 3. (...) Documents Required for License Issuing 1. In order to get license, a license candidate shall submit to the relevant licensing body the following documents: - an application to issue license specifying a type activity to be licensed with the following data: а) for a legal entity –its title and legal and organizational form, legal address and its location, the number of the bank account and a servicing bank; b) for an individual entrepreneur – the last name, first name, and middle name, address and identification document data; - license duration requested; - the date of the application submission, its registration number, and a candidate’s signature; - other data depending on the specificity of activity; - the copies of constituent documents, a copy of the state registration certificate for a license candidate as a legal entity – for a legal entity; - a copy of the citizen’s state registration certificate as an individual entrepreneur – for an individual entrepreneur; - a copy of the certificate confirming that a license candidate is registered in a tax body; - a document confirming the license fee payment in relation to considering a license application by a licensing body; - the data on qualifications of the staff reporting to a license candidate. 2.

Score: 1174626.3 - https://www.wto.org/english/th.../tjk_e/WTACCTJK13A1_LEG_10.pdf

  MW & mmW spectrum for 5G wireless backhaul

MW & mmW spectrum for 5G wireless backhaul Evolution of Fixed Services for wireless backhaul of IMT 2020 / 5G  Wireless Backhaul for IMT 2020 / 5G - Overview and introduction by Renato Lombardi, Huawei  Wireless X-Haul Requirements by Nader Zein, NEC  Microwave and millimeter-wave technology overview and evolution by Mario Frecassetti, Nokia  Operator’s view on frequency use related challenges for microwave and millimeter-wave in IMT 2020/ 5G backhaul/X-Haul by Paolo Agabio, Vodafone  Panel discussion: Economics on deployment and operational aspects of microwave and millimeter-wave technology in IMT 2020 / 5G mobile backhaul/X-Haul network 2 Backhaul spectrum licensing schemes as of today License scheme Application Coordination Cases Individual Licensing (IL) Link-by-link By the Administration Most used Light Licensing (LL) Link-by-link Licensee responsibility Limited (E-Band in UK) Block Assignment (BA) Public auction & Direct assignment Guard Bands FWA (26, 28 GHz) License Exempt (LE) Free No guarantee Very limited (V-Band)  Administrations (NRA) and Operators (MNO) share same goals to minimize  Coordination burden = Costs & Time To Market  Interference risk  Inefficient spectrum usage  Unfortunately none of existing licensing schemes can minimize all the above  License Exempt is not an option for Backhaul, especially moving towards 5G that shall support also mission critical applications Coordination burden Interference risk Inefficient spectrum usage IL LE LL BA Licensing Scheme Goals 3 Backhaul spectrum licensing schemes: a new hybrid approach License scheme “Hybrid scheme” (HS) Application Block reservation for the MNO and link-by-link declaration by the MNO; NRA is aware of actual spectrum utilization (for assessing an efficient spectrum usage) Coordination MNO managing self-coordination within the Block; coordination among MNOs using adjacent blocks ensured by filter + antenna discrimination and guard bands (if needed) Cases Used (e.g. Romania, Turkey)  By leveraging and mixing the best of Individual Licensing and Block Assignment  “Hybrid Scheme” has the potential to achieve all three goals  By managing the efficient spectrum usage by proper license fees rules  with a low up-front fee for block reservation  and additional fee per link that incentivize Operators to stay within the block as much as possible Coordination burden Interference risk Inefficient spectrum usage IL LE LL BA HS Licensing Scheme Goals 4 Backhaul spectrum licensing fees as of today: Individual licensing 15-23 GHz Band: channel width cost 56 MHz channel cost vs Band  In most of Countries license fees decreases linearly when moving to higher bands  In most of Countries license fees decreases linearly when moving to higher bands This is not sustainable in the long term for 4G and 5G backhaul 5 Backhaul spectrum licensing fees: sustainability in the long term  Individual Licensing and Block Assignment (as is today) are not affordable anymore  Light Licensing is OK from fee perspective but it does not guarantee an efficient spectrum use  License Exempt is not considered because of unaffordable interference risks  Hybrid Scheme is most interesting license regime to be considered, allowing to trade-off among up- front investments, efficient spectrum usage and overall spectrum cost for MNO  Huge spectrum cost variations Country by Country result in difficulties for Global MNO to develop a single strategy License scheme License fees – MNO considerations Individual Licensing (IL) Not sustainable with current approach Light Licensing (LL) OK Block Assignment (BA) Too high investments up-front License Exempt (LE) Not applicable Hybrid Scheme (HS) Opportunity for best trade-off 6 New technologies, new bands and higher spectrum demand for 5G X-haul deserve new license fees approach License Fees = 𝑘 × 𝐵𝐶𝐴 × 1 𝑓𝑐 2 × 𝐵𝑊 𝐵𝑠𝑖𝑧𝑒 × 1 ̀ Including also incentives for geographical spectrum efficiency (MIMO, XPIC, CCIC, etc.) (...) License fee proportional to inverse of coordination area. 3.

Score: 1154318.8 - https://www.itu.int/en/ITU-R/s...02020-5G%20backhaul-X-Haul.pdf

  Microsoft Word - 472gr99

The license shall be issued to an individual businessman who receives it for the first time, provided he holds a valid auditor certificate that covers the area of auditing activities stated in the application filed to obtain the license. 11. (...) The license shall become legally void and regarded annulled if: a) the license seeking applicant fails to pay the license fee within three months after the licensor agency decides to grant the license; b) the legal entity is liquidated or its operation is terminated, from the time of its liquidation or reorganization of the legal entity; c) expiration of the certificate on state registration of an individual as an individual businessman, from the expiration date of the certificate; d) a court ruling on the basis of a corresponding application filed by the licensor agency or a state power body, according to their competence. (...) If an individual businessman (auditing organization) decides to refuse to accept the license, the license issue fee shall not be reimbursed. 26.

Score: 1150941.4 - https://www.wto.org/english/th.../rus_e/WTACCRUS33A1_LEG_45.pdf

  Slide 1

ITU Regional Workshop on “Competition in Telecommunications Market” Khartoum-Sudan, 24-26 May 2016 Individual spectrum licenses • Individual spectrum licenses give the holder of the license the exclusive right to use and manage the frequency band in a pre-determined geographic area – these are typically for mobile networks. • These licenses are long-term in duration, 15 - 25 years. (...) We will now focus on individual licenses only ITU Regional Workshop on “Competition in Telecommunications Market” Khartoum-Sudan, 24-26 May 2016 Individual license awarding processes (1) When the number of licenses available is less than the anticipated demand from licenses, some form of selection is necessary. (...) ITU Regional Workshop on “Competition in Telecommunications Market” Khartoum-Sudan, 24-26 May 2016 Individual license policy Particularly for individual spectrum licenses it is extremely important that a government formulates a licensing framework policy stating - How soon after the award of licenses, new licenses will or may be introduced and how they will be awarded - How the government will handle the expiry of licenses – will there be a right of renewal or a new open awarding procedure; and what license renewal fee will be required Such policies should normally not be changed after being adopted, because they determine the value of a license and are extremely important for the business case of a mobile operator.

Score: 1137843.9 - https://www.itu.int/en/ITU-D/R...Spectrum%20and%20licensing.pdf

  Microsoft PowerPoint - Sofie__LicencesRev.ppt

Licensing Guidelines Accra, September 2005 Level of Intervention • The decision to require individual licenses in certain cases must take into market realities of individual ECOWAS countries into consideration. • Individual licenses shall be required in the following cases: – To exploit or offer public telecommunications networks or offer public voice telephony service. – If the government of a particular country, for reasons of public policy, determines that the service shall be offered in a certain way (e.g., measures concerning public order, public security or public health.) 7 Licensing Guidelines Accra, September 2005 Level of Intervention • Nevertheless, in order to promote the development of the sector in the Region and to allow more choice to consumers, ECOWAS Member States may decide to exempt certain activities, networks or services ( e.g., ISP) from a particular licensing category or indeed determine that they are included in the open entry category (e.g., Wi-Fi.) (...) Such fees should not prevent the development of innovative services or competition in the market. Licensing Guidelines Accra, September 2005 Public Consultations • To ensure fairness and transparency in the licensing or authorization process, the regulator should consult with industry, the public and other stakeholders. 14 Licensing Guidelines Accra, September 2005 Licensing Procedures • Where a license is required, the following should be published and made publicly available: – all licensing criteria. – the period of time normally required to reach a decision concerning an application, and – the terms and conditions of individual licenses. • The reasons for the denial of any license must be made known to the applicant upon request. (...) Licensing Guidelines Accra, September 2005 Licensing Procedures • The terms of a license should be considered fixed at the time the license is officially delivered.

Score: 1132381.8 - https://www.itu.int/ITU-D/treg...modules/Sofie__LicencesRev.pdf

  25-Rappt-Competition 2.doc

Licenses are further divided into two types of licenses; individual and class. (...) The move is intended to allow more self- regulation where individual licenses are moving into class licenses gradually. Examples of licensing mapping (e.g. NFP individual and class licenses, NSP individual and class licenses, ASP individual and class licenses) are given.

Score: 1130938.1 - https://www.itu.int/ITU-D/treg...a/25-Rappt-Competition%202.pdf

  How might we create a way for companies and individuals to receive and manage their licensing faster

How might we create a way for companies and individuals to receive and manage their licensing faster and easier? (...) How might we create a way for companies and individuals to receive and manage their licensing faster and easier? How might we create a way for companies and individuals to receive and manage their licensing faster and easier?

Score: 1123347.1 - https://www.undp.org/ethiopia/...ir-licensing-faster-and-easier

  Report from ITU-D Study Group 1, Question 10-2/1 Regulation for licensing and authorisation of conve

Presentation to GSR 9 Approaches to Authorisations Unified (or global) authorisations • Technology and service neutral • Allow licensees to provide all forms of services under the umbrella of a single authorisation, using any type of communications infrastructure and technology capable of delivering the desired service. • In most countries, unified authorisations are issued as individual licences. • However, in some countries, the process for issuing the unified authorisation blends aspects of general authorisation processes and competitive licensing regimes. – These hybrid processes can best be described as non- competitive individual licensing processes: while applicants do not compete for a limited number of authorisations, they must meet a variety of criteria to qualify for a licence and their applications are subject to close regulatory scrutiny. (...) Presentation to GSR 20 Individual Licence Class Licence Registration Notification Open Entry Models for Reduction of Administrative Requirements Presentation to GSR 21 Reduction/elimination of administrative and formal requirements for obtaining licences • Individual licences include the specific conditions of the service, specifying the rights and obligations of the licensed service, approved on a case by case basis • General authorisations establish a general system of rights and obligations that applies to all the operators by means of the same authorisation; process of awarding is more straightforward • The registration system implies a step beyond the authorisation, where general service conditions are applied to operators that only require the registration of their request to provide the service. (...) Presentation to GSR 24 Guidelines and Recommendations • Regulators are encouraged to consider the following principles when transitioning to and adopting a converged licensing framework: – Fostering technology neutrality; – Ensuring flexibility to allow the new licensing regime to accommodate future technological and market changes; – Simplifying the number of licence categories; – Reducing administrative burdens and fees on market players; Presentation to GSR 25 Guidelines and Recommendations Principles (continued): • Applying incentive mechanisms that encourage existing operators to transition to the converged licensing framework, e.g., fee holiday; • Ensuring transparency with regard to converged licensing responsibilities; • Fostering close collaboration amongst appropriate entities with regulatory and oversight responsibilities regarding a converged licensing framework; and • Referring to international best practices and international regional organisations to help harmonise licensing approaches.

Score: 1123323.6 - https://www.itu.int/ITU-D/treg...ssion7_DeLaTorre_licensing.pdf

  Report from ITU-D Study Group 1, Question 10-2/1 Regulation for licensing and authorisation of conve

Presentation to GSR 9 Approaches to Authorisations Unified (or global) authorisations • Technology and service neutral • Allow licensees to provide all forms of services under the umbrella of a single authorisation, using any type of communications infrastructure and technology capable of delivering the desired service. • In most countries, unified authorisations are issued as individual licences. • However, in some countries, the process for issuing the unified authorisation blends aspects of general authorisation processes and competitive licensing regimes. – These hybrid processes can best be described as non- competitive individual licensing processes: while applicants do not compete for a limited number of authorisations, they must meet a variety of criteria to qualify for a licence and their applications are subject to close regulatory scrutiny. (...) Presentation to GSR 20 Individual Licence Class Licence Registration Notification Open Entry Models for Reduction of Administrative Requirements Presentation to GSR 21 Reduction/elimination of administrative and formal requirements for obtaining licences • Individual licences include the specific conditions of the service, specifying the rights and obligations of the licensed service, approved on a case by case basis • General authorisations establish a general system of rights and obligations that applies to all the operators by means of the same authorisation; process of awarding is more straightforward • The registration system implies a step beyond the authorisation, where general service conditions are applied to operators that only require the registration of their request to provide the service. (...) Presentation to GSR 24 Guidelines and Recommendations • Regulators are encouraged to consider the following principles when transitioning to and adopting a converged licensing framework: – Fostering technology neutrality; – Ensuring flexibility to allow the new licensing regime to accommodate future technological and market changes; – Simplifying the number of licence categories; – Reducing administrative burdens and fees on market players; Presentation to GSR 25 Guidelines and Recommendations Principles (continued): • Applying incentive mechanisms that encourage existing operators to transition to the converged licensing framework, e.g., fee holiday; • Ensuring transparency with regard to converged licensing responsibilities; • Fostering close collaboration amongst appropriate entities with regulatory and oversight responsibilities regarding a converged licensing framework; and • Referring to international best practices and international regional organisations to help harmonise licensing approaches.

Score: 1123323.6 - https://www.itu.int/ITU-D/treg...ssion7_DeLaTorre_licensing.pdf

  Enforcement Practices

What are the categories of licensing (e.g., individual, class, declaration, registration, open entry)? • What are the reasons given for individual licensing (e.g., public order, use of scarce resources)? (...) Licensing Framework: Key Questions 26October 26, 2009 HIPCAR Project - Licensing, Interconnection and UAS Licensing Framework: Key Questions • For a framework based on individual and class licences, are the licences hierarchical whereby an individual licence replaces a class licence and allows the individual licence holder to offer all types of facilities and services in both licence categories?

Score: 1116637.6 - https://www.itu.int/ITU-D/proj...Maddens_Licensing_20091026.pdf