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Corruption ................................................................................... 45 - 49 16 C. Real estate mobbing .................................................................... 50 - 56 17 D. (...) Seventy per cent of immigrants rent their homes and most of them live in large towns where real estate prices are the highest”. 20 The Special Rapporteur is of the view that a sizable percentage of the population may be falling into this category. (...) During this period of recession, investors left the stock market and took refuge in the real estate market which had a direct impact on the price of housing.

At the same time, according to preliminary estimates, in 14 cities and regions (Ganja, Mingachevir, Agdam, Agjabadi, Beylagan, Barda, Jabrayil, Fuzuli, Goranboy, Khojaly, Goygol, Tartar, Gabala and Dashkasan) a total of 3893 individual houses, 336 ancillary buildings, 120 multi-apartment residential buildings, , 6 private and 70 public, out of 76 social facilities, 24 production facilities, 218 trade facilities, 51 public catering facilities, 41 administrative buildings, 19 religious facilities, 716 destroyed livestock, 66 damaged cars including 62 others, a total of 5637 real estate objects were damaged for 57,011,613.23 AZN As a result of the events that took place in different regions since September 27, 2020, in connection with the ongoing aggressive wars of Armenia against our country, a total of 416 people were injured including 44 in the Agdam region,1 in Dashkasan, 19 injured in Fuzuli region, 11 in Goranboy region, 5 in Beylagan region, 58 in Tartar region, 18 in Aghjabadi, 2 from Jabrayil region, 1 from Tovuz region, 3 from Mingachevir region, 1 From Khojaly region, 14 in Barda and 2 in Lachin (Overall 179) Since September 27, 2020, a total of 60 criminal cases have been initiated on the fact of criminal acts committed by Armenian terrorist groups, including 4 criminal cases in the Goranboy district prosecutor's office, 12 in the Terter district prosecutor's office, 7 in the Aghdam district prosecutor's office, 4 in the Fuzuli district prosecutor's office, 1 in the Jabrayil district prosecutor's office, 1 criminal case in the Beylagan district prosecutor's office, 1 in the prosecutor's office of the Agjabadi district, 1 in the prosecutor's office of the Barda district, 1 in the prosecutor's office of the Lachin district, and 28 criminal cases in the A/HRC/46/G/3 GE.21-00954 3 Investigation Department of the Prosecutor General's Office initiated. (...) Also, as a result of the mentioned fires, a total of 44 residential and non-residential areas were damaged in the Jabrayil region on the mentioned dates. (...) They were illicitly transfered from the occupied territories, misappropriated, modified for the purpose of destruction or concealing the cultural, historical and scientific essence of it, moreover, the purpose of use of some has been deliberately changed, as a result of which cultural institutions, real or personal estates that worth billions of AZNs have been deliberately destroyed by putting fire, blasting or other hazardous ways.

Although the Service indicated that only a small portion of its investments has, to its knowledge, gone into residential real estate, the Special Rapporteur is concerned as to whether due consideration is being given to possible adverse effects of investments in real estate on the enjoyment of the right to housing. The push of global investment into residential real estate has contributed significantly to the unaffordability of housing in many countries. Investment in real estate is not negative per se. However, there is a big difference between a public pension fund investing in social or public housing to promote a social goal and a public pension fund investing mainly in residential real estate in prime locations with the intention of maximizing profits, without any consideration for whether such investments may have any adverse effect on the realization of the right to housing.

GE.13-22777 (F) 200913 260913 Commission économique pour l’Europe Comité du logement et de l’aménagement du territoire Soixante-quatorzième session et réunion ministérielle

• A plan for the prevention of tax fraud was also in place prior to the Special Rapporteur’s visit; the plan includes specific measures for the real estate and housing sector. • Specific steps have been taken to combat real estate mobbing and to provide citizens with protection and information (...) A/HRC/7/G/13 page 5 Appendix 1. REAL ESTATE MOBBING The Ministry of Housing shares the Special Rapporteur’s concern regarding the adverse effects of real estate mobbing, as described in paragraph 94 of the report. (...) The Act guarantees land for protected housing and more efficient and less speculative real estate markets. • For the first time in Spanish legislation a minimum of 30 per cent of new residential land is reserved for protected housing

A number of causes of the housing crisis have been identified, including a lack of supply of affordable and accessible housing, a limited supply of public housing, and foreign speculative investment in residential real estate. While these factors have indeed played a role, the crisis has its roots elsewhere. (...) Successive Governments have sought to introduce greater controls aimed at reducing real estate speculation and curbing some effects of financialization. (...) Even during the economic downturn related to the COVID-19 pandemic, housing prices continued to rise. According to the Real Estate Institute of New Zealand, in October 2020 median house prices reached new record highs across New Zealand, increasing by a further 19.8 per cent within one year.21 38.

On average, public investment in formal residential areas has been far greater than in disadvantaged unplanned areas. (...) See Tadamun, Planning [in] Justice: Spatial Analysis for Urban Cairo (2018), p. 30 and passim. 27 See Committee on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights general comment No. 7 (1997) on forced evictions. 28 Basic principles and guidelines on development-based evictions and displacement. 29 In addition, article 7 of Law 10/1990 on expropriation for public interest stipulates that an order to expropriate land or real estate should be published in the Official Gazette and two widely read newspapers for the purposes of notification. (...) The Government has offered to compensate owners with LE 1,400 per square metre, which residents consider to be far too low for land that is close to the Nile River and that could be used for tourism or upper-market real estate construction. Alternatively, the Government has offered relocation to Asmarat or to other housing projects located more than 10 km away. 57.

Proceedings of 2010 International Conference On Construction Real Estate Management (China Architecture Building Press, Royal on the Park Hotel, Brisbane), pp. 397-402, December 2010. (...) The situation has become more severe in the last 15 years, as private developers dominate urban development. Recently, real estate became a top commodity traded in the stock exchange market.52 The commercialization of urban land is widespread, followed by uncontrolled land speculation and monopolization which contributes to skyrocketing prices, particularly in urban centres, reducing land affordability for lower-income households.53 Most houses produced by real estate corporations are targeted for financial investments by the upper 10 per cent of urban population. A study by the Center of Metropolitan of Tarumanagara University reports that in Jabodetabek in the last decade, more than 30 large-scale real estate projects, occupying more than 30,000 hectares of land, had accommodated only 7 per cent of the total population growth of the period (approximately 10 million).54 39.

The models are tested by using available real estate sales data for a city in Netherlands. (...) The analysis is done on the basis of individual listings in a real estate advertisement magazine for the period 1986-2009. (...) The State Statistics Committee of Ukraine An overview of China’s real estate price indices. Dong Lijuan, National Bureau of Statistics of China Problems and issues in compiling price indices for owner-occupied housing in Georgia.

The main actors in the housing sector are private real-estate builders, developers and financial institutions who wield a great deal of power. (...) Competition for land is fierce and the playing field is unbalanced: the regulatory framework for land use was designed to facilitate real- estate development, without special incentives for municipalities to favour low-income housing. (...) In several cities, real estate appears to be profiting from a lack of consistent regulations on land use.