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Final report for publication: project still active Web Site: http://www.imprint-eu.org/ Call: 2nd Project end date: June 2004 Contact in DGTREN: Christophe Deblanc +322 298 4919 MC-ICAM – Marginal cost implementation Task description: MC-ICAM aims at (i) defining optimal (full, first-best) end states in the short, medium and long term compared to the current situations – for all important passenger and freight modes, covering both urban and interurban issues, and taking account of relevant technological, institutional and national contexts. (...) Final report for publication: project still active Web Site: Call: 2nd Project end date: January 2004 Contact in DGTREN: Catharina Sikow +322 296 2125 TRANS/2003/11/Add.1 page 4 SPECTRUM – Study of Policies regarding Economic instruments Complementing Transport Regulation and the Undertaking of Physical Measures Description: The project will look at (i) Provision of a theoretically sound framework for analysing the trade-off between objectives and identifying optimal combinations of instruments to achieve them. (...) Final report for publication: when negotiated enter either 'project still active' or 'add web site location/printed report' reference Web Site: n.a..

In technical terms reuse can be supported by data management principles (see chapters II and III below); “search engine advertising” (SEA) means advertising through search engines; “search engine optimization” (SEO) means the process of maximizing the number of users to a particular website by ensuring that the web site appears high on the list of results returned by a search engine; “semantic web” is a mesh of information linked up in such a way as to be easily processable by machines, on a global scale; “Social media optimization” (SMO) means the use of social media networks to manage and maximize the number of users the online presence; “standard licence” means a set of predefined reuse conditions in a digital format, preferably compatible with standardised public licences available online; “text mining” means the discovery by machine of new, previously unknown information, by automatically extracting information from different written resources; “user feedback” refers to a data quality component that includes information about the data directly provided by users based on their experiences using the data. (...) It complements the data quality information provided by its producer; “widget” refers to a small piece of Web programming code that makes environmental data and information appear on a blog, wiki, or Web page. (...) First, the system needs to identify the types of content (data) required, as well as potential sources. Second, an effective, web- enabled technical infrastructure is required that takes full advantage of the best available state-of-the-art digital technologies, including web services supported by machine-to- machine communication.

Such an approach was in the past used only for collecting data from public administration but not from enterprises. Further on, web scrapping techniques are now used to obtain data on prices in web stores and job adverts on web employment portals. For this to happen, it was necessary to acquire knowledge about the composition of internet sites, functioning of browsers, programming of specific and general web spiders and crawlers, and optimization of tags’ searching according to the HTML structure; (d) New approaches for dealing with data providers were developed. (...) These were especially used in the area of using scanner data; (d) Participation in international conferences, workshops, courses, etc., either physical or virtual (webinars, web courses, web workshops). For example: Big data: effective processing and analysis of very large and unstructured data for official statistics; The use of R in official statistics; Can a statistician become a data scientist?

It complements the data quality information provided by its producer; (fff) “Widget”, which refers to a small piece of web programming code that makes environmental data and information appear on a blog, wiki, or web page. (...) First, the system needs to identify the types of content (data) required, as well as potential sources. Second, an effective, web- enabled technical infrastructure is required that takes full advantage of the best available state-of-the-art digital technologies, including web services supported by machine-to- machine communication. (...) ECE/MP.PP/WG.1/2021/13/Add.1 8 Meteorological Organization,5 the World Wide Web Consortium,6 the Open Geospatial Consortium7 and other international forums, as mandated. 8.

It complements the data quality information provided by its producer; (fff) “Widget”, which refers to a small piece of web programming code that makes environmental data and information appear on a blog, wiki, or web page. (...) First, the system needs to identify the types of content (data) required, as well as potential sources. Second, an effective, web- enabled technical infrastructure is required that takes full advantage of the best available state-of-the-art digital technologies, including web services supported by machine-to- machine communication. (...) ECE/MP.PP/2021/20/Add.1 8 Meteorological Organization,5 the World Wide Web Consortium,6 the Open Geospatial Consortium7 and other international forums, as mandated. 8.

Final report for publication: project still active Web Site: http://www.imprint-eu.org/ Call: 2nd Project end date: June 2004 Contact in DGTREN B1: Catharina Sikow +322 296 2125 MC-ICAM - Marginal cost implementation Task description: MC-ICAM aims at (i) defining optimal (full, first-best) end states in the short, medium and long term compared to the current situations – for all important passenger and freight modes, covering both urban and interurban issues, and taking account of relevant technological, institutional and national contexts. (...) Final report for publication: project still active Web Site: Call: 2nd Project end date: January 2004 Contact in DGTREN B1: Catharina Sikow +322 296 2125 TRANS/2002/9/Add.1 page 4 SPECTRUM – Study of Policies regarding Economic Instruments Complementing Transport Regulation and the Undertaking of Physical Measures Task Description: The project will look at: (i) Provision of a theoretically sound framework for analysing the trade off between objectives and identifying optimal combinations of instruments to achieve them. (...) Final report for publication: when negotiated enter either “project still active” or “add web site location/printed report”’ reference Web Site: Call: 5th Project end date: project to start 2002 Contact in DGTREN B1: Catharina Sikow +322 296 2125 TRANS/2002/9/Add.1 page 5 Policy and project assessment TRANSTALK – Thematic Network on project and policy assessment methodologies Description: The project will look at: (i) Provision of a theoretically sound framework for analysing the trade off between objectives and identifying optimal combinations of instruments to achieve them.

The list of participants of the meeting as well as other documents prepared for the meeting and conference papers/presentations, can be found on the Web site at the following address: http://www.unece.org/operact/meetings/round/introduction.html 6. (...) Sylvain Moesching, Consultant, NETSME SA, Switzerland, made a presentation of a Web Content Management software. He underlined that the software has provided to the editor an Internet tool to directly and easily manage the content of a Web site from a browser. (...) It shifts responsibility from overworked IT staff to non-technical people, eliminates publishing bottlenecks, secures site consistency (enforces compliance with corporate publishing standards and content is dynamically managed by automated rules), allows update of content using familiar toolbar and standard web browser, increases the web site content security, fully controls its content, reduces stress and risk factors, changes easily the layout of the web site (separates the content from the layout), and increases the content value in the long run. 27.

Broad proposals on how to better synergize the web of partnerships and collaboration between and among stakeholders in the BWC community, including international organizations and academic networks 13. The fourth cluster covers proposals that acknowledge that the Convention’s work on Article X flourishes through collaboration and consolidation of functional linkages within the web of international organizations and scientific and academic community networks that share many of the Convention’s objectives. (...) Broad proposals on how to better synergize the web of partnerships and collaboration between and among stakeholders in the BWC community, including international organizations and academic networks III.

GE.97-62825 (E) E/1997/L.28 page 2 The need to harmonize and improve United Nations informatics systems for optimal utilization and accessibility by all States The Economic and Social Council , Conscious of the deep interest of Member States in harnessing the benefits of new information technologies for furthering the objectives of the United Nations, including the objectives of economic and social development, Recalling its resolutions 1991/70 of 26 July 1991, 1992/60 of 31 July 1992, 1993/56 of 29 July 1993, 1994/46 of 29 July 1994, 1995/61 of 28 July 1995 and 1996/35 of 25 July 1996 on the need to harmonize and improve United Nations information systems for optimal utilization and accessibility by all States, with due regard to all official languages, Recalling also that in its resolution 1996/35, it commended the Ad Hoc Open-ended Working Group on Informatics for the concrete actions it had taken in pursuance of its mandate, and requested the President of the Economic and Social Council to convene the Working Group for one more year, from within existing resources, for the due fulfilment of the provisions of the Council resolutions on this item, Welcoming the report presented by the Chairman of the Ad Hoc Open-ended Working Group on Informatics on the progress achieved so far by the Working Group in fulfilling its mandate, Highly appreciating the accomplishments of the Working Group, which include: (a) The attainment of near universal connectivity between the United Nations databases and the Permanent Missions of the Member States, (b) The training of a large number of personnel of the Permanent Missions and the Secretariat on a variety of electronic facilities and techniques, (c) The identification and progressive elimination of several impediments to access to the United Nations databases, (d) The establishment of video-conferencing facilities for use by the Permanent Missions and the Secretariat, (e) The establishment of the United Nations Web Page on the Internet and a connection between this facility and the United Nations Optical Disk System, E/1997/L.28 page 3 E/1997/88.1 (f) The uploading of all resolutions and decisions of the Security Council, the General Assembly, the Economic and Social Council and the Trusteeship Council from 1946 onwards on the United Nations Optical Disk System, and the increasing database of documents on the United Nations Web Page, (g) The efforts to enable the United Nations and its Member States to reduce waste and duplication as well as expenditure on unnecessary documentation, (h) The assistance given to Permanent Missions in creating their own Web pages on the Internet, Deeply appreciating that the work of the Working Group has not involved any additional expenditures and that its needs have been met from within existing resources, Highly appreciating that the work done by the Working Group has already resulted in savings for the United Nations and its Member States and has created opportunities for further savings, Taking note with deep interest of the proposed initiatives of the Working Group, including the promotion of computer-based decision-making techniques to facilitate the drafting of resolutions and documents in ways that would accelerate the reaching of agreements in the process of drafting, and the employment of modern information technology for the developmental activities of the United Nations, Recognizing that the work done by the Working Group will support and facilitate the successful implementation of the initiatives being taken by the Secretary-General with a view to expanding the use of information technology and the availability and transparency of information in order to further facilitate access to United Nations information in all countries, Agreeing with the assessment contained in the report of the Working Group that further work needs to be done by the Working Group to fulfil its mandate, Taking note of the report of the Secretary-General on follow-up action taken, 1 E/1997/L.28 page 4 1. (...) Decides that the action programme to harmonize and improve United Nations informatics systems for optimal utilization and accessibility by all States should continue to be implemented from within existing resources and in full consultation with the representatives of States; 5.

Welcomes the efforts made by the Unit to advance the development and implementation of the web-based follow-up system; 20. Notes the ongoing progress in the development of a web-based follow-up system to track the recommendations of the Unit, including the status of acceptance, implementation and impact; 21. (...) Invites other participating organizations of the Unit to make every possible effort to contribute to the cost-sharing arrangement of the web-based follow-up system in 2011; 23. Invites the Unit to include in its annual report information on the status of the development and implementation of the web-based follow-up system; 24. (...) Requests the Secretary-General to invite all relevant oversight bodies to explore the possibility of utilizing the web-based follow-up system to enhance coordination, taking into account their different mandates and status; A/RES/65/270 4 26.