Home

  Control and vaccination

Control and vaccination 1 Lumpy skin disease prevention, control, and awareness workshop Budapest, Hungary, 7-9 March 2017 1 Lumpy skin disease overview Eeva Tuppurainen, DVM, MSc, PhD, MRCVS Lumpy skin disease scientific expert FAO Regional Office for Europe and Central Asia, Hungary Food safety 2 2 Lumpy skin disease prevention, control, and awareness workshop Budapest, Hungary, 7-9 March 2017 3 • In many countries within affected regions, the majority of cattle holdings have < 10 cattle • In some cases, farmers owning 5 – 10 cattle are considered as commercial farmers • Local (or mixed) cattle breeds produce an average of 10 litres of milk /day – party for own use, for a calf and to prepare cheese/yogurt other products for extra income and when cash is needed calves are sold • Small-holders and backyard farmers (skin is full of scars - recovery not good and takes several months • Compensation may be obtained but it’s difficult to find a new animals Economic impact of LSD for small-holders Lumpy skin disease prevention, control, and awareness workshop Budapest, Hungary, 7-9 March 2017 4 • European high-producing dairy cows in the peak of production are the most susceptible • Due to the insect transmission, there is no way to effectively protect these holdings although using insect repellents in the facilities and spot-on products • Massive financial losses in intensive milk or beef cattle production units and cattle collections stations • Partial stamping-out in a farm with 3000 animals – 1000 with severe clinical disease • A considerable environmental problem with the disposal of large numbers of infected carcasses • Vaccination well in advance is the only feasible way to protect these farms - should vaccination of these farms be a priority? LSD in an intensive cattle production unit 3 Lumpy skin disease prevention, control, and awareness workshop Budapest, Hungary, 7-9 March 2017 5 Evaluating the age of the skin lesions 7 dpi 1 to 2 weeks 2 weeks 2 to 3 weeks 3 weeks Lumpy skin disease prevention, control, and awareness workshop Budapest, Hungary, 7-9 March 2017 6 Evaluating the age of the skin lesions Eye lesion 4 Lumpy skin disease prevention, control, and awareness workshop Budapest, Hungary, 7-9 March 2017 7 • Morbidity rate varies between 5 to 45% and mortality rate usually remains below 10% (low figures are likely due to total stamping-out) • Introduction of the first case is usually associated with cattle movements from affected regions • No carriers but silent infections occur • Mainly transmitted mechanically by biting insect and tick vectors • Difference between mechanical and biological transmissions • To date there is no evidence on viral replication in vectors (biological) – major difference with bluetongue Epidemiology and transmission in a nutshell Lumpy skin disease prevention, control, and awareness workshop Budapest, Hungary, 7-9 March 2017 8 • Insects and ticks • Shared drinking troughs or feeding sites • Iatrogenic mode by veterinary treatments and vaccinations • Is direct contact as ineffective as claimed??? (...) • Cattle census not updated and database contains animals that do not exist any more • In practice replacement of lost ear tags when vaccinated or samples are collected – update of the database Cattle ID, vaccination, movement and LIMS database 7 Lumpy skin disease prevention, control, and awareness workshop Budapest, Hungary, 7-9 March 2017 13 • In general, removal of severely infected animals from the herd is always recommended • Calves can be infected in the womb as sometimes reported born with skin lesions • Usually approximately 50% infected animals do not show clinical signs • How to handle those cases of infected mother which is just about to give birth • Should the cow be allowed to give birth before culling?

Score: 1014027.1 - https://www.fao.org/fileadmin/...2017/LSD_bp/d1/OverviewLSD.pdf

  PowerPoint Presentation

PowerPoint Presentation 1 Lumpy skin disease prevention, control, and awareness workshop Budapest, Hungary, 7-9 March 2017 1 Animal disease notification systems (ADNS, WAHIS) Session 1: Contingency planning, risk management and communication Tsviatko Alexandrov DVM, PhD, FAO International consultant Lumpy skin disease prevention, control, and awareness workshop Budapest, Hungary, 7-9 March 2017 2General objectives in Animal Health Transparency:  Ensure transparency in the global animal disease situation  Dissemination of disease information via the WAHID Interface, ADNS Adequate measures:  Outbreaks control  Vaccination Sanitary safety:  Safeguard world trade by health standards for international trade in animals and animal products 2 Lumpy skin disease prevention, control, and awareness workshop Budapest, Hungary, 7-9 March 2017 3Legal obligation for disease notification in animals for all OIE Member Countries trough WAHIS Mission - to ensure transparency of worldwide animal disease situation including zoonosis OIE List of notifiable diseases for terrestrial and aquatic animals, as per : -Terrestrial Animal Health Code -Aquatic Animal Health Code In 2016 : 90 disease in terrestrial animals and 28 diseases in aquatic Lumpy skin disease prevention, control, and awareness workshop Budapest, Hungary, 7-9 March 2017 4 3 Lumpy skin disease prevention, control, and awareness workshop Budapest, Hungary, 7-9 March 2017 5 Lumpy skin disease prevention, control, and awareness workshop Budapest, Hungary, 7-9 March 2017 6LSD outbreaks 2014 – Feb 2017 4 Lumpy skin disease prevention, control, and awareness workshop Budapest, Hungary, 7-9 March 2017 7Animal Disease Notification System Users: EU Member States, Serbia, Macedonia, Kosovo, Turkey………. https://webgate.ec.europa.eu/ADNS/sec/?event=sec.login Lumpy skin disease prevention, control, and awareness workshop Budapest, Hungary, 7-9 March 2017 8New outbreak https://webgate.ec.europa.eu/ADNS/sec/?event=sec.login 5 Lumpy skin disease prevention, control, and awareness workshop Budapest, Hungary, 7-9 March 2017 9 Lumpy skin disease prevention, control, and awareness workshop Budapest, Hungary, 7-9 March 2017 10Outbreak notification directly by e-mail 6 Lumpy skin disease prevention, control, and awareness workshop Budapest, Hungary, 7-9 March 2017 11 From: SANTE-ADNS-SUPPORT@ec.europa.eu [mailto:SANTE-ADNS-SUPPORT@ec.europa.eu] Sent: Friday, March 3, 2017 1:58 PM To: Georgi Chobanov Subject: GREECE '23 Lumpy skin disease' - Primary disease notification Country of origin GREECE Disease Lumpy skin disease Serial number of outbreak (year/number) 2017/1 Type of outbreak (primary '1' or secondary '2') 1 Region affected 00022 KERKIRA Traces LVU code 02400 - Kerkyra Latitude 39.58 Longitude 19.88 Origin of disease : Unknown - investigation continuing Control measures : - 30 DEST BURY - 50 MOVE CONTRL - 51 MOVE TRACNG - 10 TOT SL IN Date Date of suspicion of disease on holding (day/month/year) : 27/02/2017 Date of confirmation of disease on holding (day/month/year) : 02/03/2017 Number of animals Number of susceptible animals on holding - cattle : 28 Number of animals affected on holding - cattle : 12 Number of animals that have died of the disease on holding - cattle : 3 Number of animals killed on holding - cattle : 25 Number of carcasses destroyed or rendered - cattle : 28 Date of dispatch (day/month/year) : 03/03/2017 Time of dispatch (24-hour clock) : 12:55

Score: 1013861.1 - https://www.fao.org/fileadmin/...s2017/LSD_bp/d1/Alexandrov.pdf

  PowerPoint Presentation

PowerPoint Presentation 1 Lumpy skin disease and bluetongue training of trainers in FYR of Macedonia Skopje, 13-14 September 2017 1 LSD in the region Tsviatko Alexandrov DVM, PhD, FAO International consultant Lumpy skin disease and bluetongue training of trainers in FYR of Macedonia Skopje, 13-14 September 2017 2 ASF vs. LSD All the way from Africa….. 2 Lumpy skin disease and bluetongue training of trainers in FYR of Macedonia Skopje, 13-14 September 2017 3What is needed for LSD? (...) • Uncontrolled animal movements – nomadism and communal grazing • Substantial importer of live cattle from the Horn of African countries • Importation of live animals lacks sufficient control LSD in the Middle East 4 Lumpy skin disease and bluetongue training of trainers in FYR of Macedonia Skopje, 13-14 September 2017 7 • Turkey (2013), the norther part of Cyprus (2014), Greece (2015), followed by Bulgaria, Serbia, FYR of Macedonia, Montenegro, Kosovo and Albania (2016) • Not affected: Bosnia and Herzegovina and Croatia • Caucasus: Azerbaijan (2014), Armenia (2015) Georgia (2016) • Kazakhstan (2016) • In southern Russian Republics of Chechnya, Dagestan, Kalmykiyan, In the Russian Federation, LSD has spread within 16 provinces  Ukraine at high risk LSD outbreak in South East Europe and Northern Caucasus Lumpy skin disease and bluetongue training of trainers in FYR of Macedonia Skopje, 13-14 September 2017 8 • Live cattle movement among African and Middle Eastern countries displayed as yearly average amounts in the period 2008–2013 (COMTRADE) Global occurrence of LSD (OIE) 5 Lumpy skin disease and bluetongue training of trainers in FYR of Macedonia Skopje, 13-14 September 2017 9Countries that have reported LSD Lumpy skin disease and bluetongue training of trainers in FYR of Macedonia Skopje, 13-14 September 2017 10Movie: LSD spread in Turkey and the Balkans 6 Lumpy skin disease and bluetongue training of trainers in FYR of Macedonia Skopje, 13-14 September 2017 11LSD in the region in 2016 Lumpy skin disease and bluetongue training of trainers in FYR of Macedonia Skopje, 13-14 September 2017 12LSD in the region in 2017 7 Lumpy skin disease and bluetongue training of trainers in FYR of Macedonia Skopje, 13-14 September 2017 13 Live bovines from Part I (free zones with vaccination) to: • Part I or Part II areas (conditions) • Any other Member State (MS) or third country under conditions • Any other MS or third country under conditions and bilateral agreements Live bovines from Part II (affected zones) to : • Part II areas of same or other MS (conditions) • Other areas (MS/third country) only on the basis of conditions and bilateral agreements Lumpy skin disease and bluetongue training of trainers in FYR of Macedonia Skopje, 13-14 September 2017 14 Thanks for your attention

Score: 1013681.6 - https://www.fao.org/fileadmin/...ments/events2017/LSD_TTT/4.pdf

  Committee on Commodity Problems - Sub-Group on Hides and Skins (2001)

Committee on Commodity Problems - Sub-Group on Hides and Skins (2001) COMMITTEE ON COMMODITY PROBLEMS Sub-Group on Hides and Skins Seventh Session Rome, 4 - 6 June 2001 Español Français List of documents Download ID CCP: ME/HS 01/1 Provisional Agenda X9584E CCP: ME/HS 01/2 Current Situation Y0706E CCP: ME/HS 01/3 Trade, Sanitary and Environmental Policy Linkages in the Hides, Skins and Leather Processing Sector Y0018E CCP: ME/HS 01/4 Trade Restrictions on Hides and Skins Y0245E CCP: ME/HS 01/5 Importers' Requirements of Hides and Skins and Derived Products Y0590E CCP: ME/HS 01/6 Hides and Skins and Skins and Leather Commodity Profile and Strategy for Development Y0019E CCP: ME/HS 01/7 Commodity Development Activities: Review of Project Proposals Y0020E CCP: ME/HS 01/8 Revision of the International Trade Classification Y0246E CCP: GR-RI-ME-OF 01/6-Rev.1 Report of the Seventh Session of the Sub-Group on Hides and Skins - Rome, Italy, 4 and 5 June 2001 FAO Governing Bodies Search our site   Questions?

Score: 1012969.9 - https://www.fao.org/unfao/bodies/ccp/hs/2001/Hs2001-e.htm

  Committee on Commodity Problems - Sub-Group on Hides and Skins (2001)

Committee on Commodity Problems - Sub-Group on Hides and Skins (2001) COMMITTEE ON COMMODITY PROBLEMS Sub-Group on Hides and Skins Seventh Session Rome, 4 - 6 June 2001 Español Français List of documents Download ID CCP: ME/HS 01/1 Provisional Agenda X9584E CCP: ME/HS 01/2 Current Situation Y0706E CCP: ME/HS 01/3 Trade, Sanitary and Environmental Policy Linkages in the Hides, Skins and Leather Processing Sector Y0018E CCP: ME/HS 01/4 Trade Restrictions on Hides and Skins Y0245E CCP: ME/HS 01/5 Importers' Requirements of Hides and Skins and Derived Products Y0590E CCP: ME/HS 01/6 Hides and Skins and Skins and Leather Commodity Profile and Strategy for Development Y0019E CCP: ME/HS 01/7 Commodity Development Activities: Review of Project Proposals Y0020E CCP: ME/HS 01/8 Revision of the International Trade Classification Y0246E CCP: GR-RI-ME-OF 01/6-Rev.1 Report of the Seventh Session of the Sub-Group on Hides and Skins - Rome, Italy, 4 and 5 June 2001 FAO Governing Bodies Search our site   Questions?

Score: 1012969.9 - https://www.fao.org/unfao/Bodies/CCP/hs/2001/HS2001-e.HTM

  Committee on Commodity Problems - Sub-Group on Hides and Skins (2001)

Committee on Commodity Problems - Sub-Group on Hides and Skins (2001) COMMITTEE ON COMMODITY PROBLEMS Sub-Group on Hides and Skins Seventh Session Rome, 4 - 6 June 2001 Español Français List of documents Download ID CCP: ME/HS 01/1 Provisional Agenda X9584E CCP: ME/HS 01/2 Current Situation Y0706E CCP: ME/HS 01/3 Trade, Sanitary and Environmental Policy Linkages in the Hides, Skins and Leather Processing Sector Y0018E CCP: ME/HS 01/4 Trade Restrictions on Hides and Skins Y0245E CCP: ME/HS 01/5 Importers' Requirements of Hides and Skins and Derived Products Y0590E CCP: ME/HS 01/6 Hides and Skins and Skins and Leather Commodity Profile and Strategy for Development Y0019E CCP: ME/HS 01/7 Commodity Development Activities: Review of Project Proposals Y0020E CCP: ME/HS 01/8 Revision of the International Trade Classification Y0246E CCP: GR-RI-ME-OF 01/6-Rev.1 Report of the Seventh Session of the Sub-Group on Hides and Skins - Rome, Italy, 4 and 5 June 2001 FAO Governing Bodies Search our site   Questions?

Score: 1012969.9 - https://www.fao.org/unfao/bodies/ccp/hs/2001/hs2001-e.htm

  Committee on Commodity Problems - Sub-Group on Hides and Skins (2001)

Committee on Commodity Problems - Sub-Group on Hides and Skins (2001) COMMITTEE ON COMMODITY PROBLEMS Sub-Group on Hides and Skins Seventh Session Rome, 4 - 6 June 2001 Español Français List of documents Download ID CCP: ME/HS 01/1 Provisional Agenda X9584E CCP: ME/HS 01/2 Current Situation Y0706E CCP: ME/HS 01/3 Trade, Sanitary and Environmental Policy Linkages in the Hides, Skins and Leather Processing Sector Y0018E CCP: ME/HS 01/4 Trade Restrictions on Hides and Skins Y0245E CCP: ME/HS 01/5 Importers' Requirements of Hides and Skins and Derived Products Y0590E CCP: ME/HS 01/6 Hides and Skins and Skins and Leather Commodity Profile and Strategy for Development Y0019E CCP: ME/HS 01/7 Commodity Development Activities: Review of Project Proposals Y0020E CCP: ME/HS 01/8 Revision of the International Trade Classification Y0246E CCP: GR-RI-ME-OF 01/6-Rev.1 Report of the Seventh Session of the Sub-Group on Hides and Skins - Rome, Italy, 4 and 5 June 2001 FAO Governing Bodies Search our site   Questions?

Score: 1012969.9 - https://www.fao.org/unfao/Bodies/CCP/hs/2001/Hs2001-e.htm

  Committee on Commodity Problems - Sub-Group on Hides and Skins (2001)

Committee on Commodity Problems - Sub-Group on Hides and Skins (2001) COMMITTEE ON COMMODITY PROBLEMS Sub-Group on Hides and Skins Seventh Session Rome, 4 - 6 June 2001 Español Français List of documents Download ID CCP: ME/HS 01/1 Provisional Agenda X9584E CCP: ME/HS 01/2 Current Situation Y0706E CCP: ME/HS 01/3 Trade, Sanitary and Environmental Policy Linkages in the Hides, Skins and Leather Processing Sector Y0018E CCP: ME/HS 01/4 Trade Restrictions on Hides and Skins Y0245E CCP: ME/HS 01/5 Importers' Requirements of Hides and Skins and Derived Products Y0590E CCP: ME/HS 01/6 Hides and Skins and Skins and Leather Commodity Profile and Strategy for Development Y0019E CCP: ME/HS 01/7 Commodity Development Activities: Review of Project Proposals Y0020E CCP: ME/HS 01/8 Revision of the International Trade Classification Y0246E CCP: GR-RI-ME-OF 01/6-Rev.1 Report of the Seventh Session of the Sub-Group on Hides and Skins - Rome, Italy, 4 and 5 June 2001 FAO Governing Bodies Search our site   Questions?

Score: 1012969.9 - https://www.fao.org/unfao/bodies/ccp/hs/2001/HS2001-e.htm

  ‘Kangaroo care’ helps premature babies thrive | UNICEF Europe and Central Asia

Search Close Search UNICEF Fulltext search Max Article ‘Kangaroo care’ helps premature babies thrive Ensuring skin-to-skin contact between new babies and mothers in Serbia. (...) With the first skin-to-skin contact - she was calmer. While she was on my chest, the frequency of her heartbeats reduced. And her progress in terms of weight is visible. After our first skin-to-skin contact her weight increased rapidly.”

Score: 1011752.3 - https://www.unicef.org/eca/sto...-helps-premature-babies-thrive

  Control and vaccination

Control and vaccination 1 Lumpy skin disease prevention, control, and awareness workshop Budapest, Hungary, 7-9 March 2017 1 FAO Lumpy Skin Disease Field Manual Eeva Tuppurainen, Tsviatko Alexandrov and Daniel Beltran-Alcrudo FAO Regional Office for Europe and Central Asia Lumpy skin disease prevention, control, and awareness workshop Budapest, Hungary, 7-9 March 2017 2 • One of the series prepared by FAO's Emergency Prevention System for Transboundary Animal and Plant Pests and Diseases (EMPRES) • Unpreceded and aggressive spread of LSD to previously disease-free regions (since 2012) • A huge demand for more knowledge on LSD amongst all cattle stakeholders • Data in a short and easy-to-read format to provide fast access to essential information • Intended for private and official veterinary professionals (in the field and slaughterhouses), para-professionals and laboratory diagnosticians • Contains essential key information and multiple pictures and diagrams, avoiding all- inclusive highly scientific text • In English, Russian, plus three other languages in the affected region Field Manual for Lumpy skin disease 2 Lumpy skin disease prevention, control, and awareness workshop Budapest, Hungary, 7-9 March 2017 3 • How to recognise LSD; typical clinical signs, post-mortem findings, differential diagnostics and epidemiology • What to do if a suspected case is detected at a farm • Notification • Immediate control actions at a farm • Laboratory confirmation of the tentative field diagnosis, using available tests, preferred sample material • Storage and dispatch of samples to national and international laboratories • Control and eradication measures in the region/country • Available vaccines, adverse reactions and vaccination protocol • Biosecurity at a farm • Feasible surveillance during and after an outbreak The Field Manual describes in chronological order Lumpy skin disease prevention, control, and awareness workshop Budapest, Hungary, 7-9 March 2017 4 • Virus characteristics are described in the light of control measures, such as transmission, disinfection etc. • Current geographical distribution • Different modes of transmission and host range Sections 1, 2 and 3: Introduction, causative agent and epidemiology 3 Lumpy skin disease prevention, control, and awareness workshop Budapest, Hungary, 7-9 March 2017 5 • Characteristic clinical signs are discussed • A number of images on the LSD lesions in the skin and mucous membranes • Challenging recognition of early infections and skin lesions in free-ranging beef cattle or cattle with long winter coat • Differential diagnosis with images • Post-mortem findings Section 4 and 5: In depth description of typical clinical signs and differential diagnosis Lumpy skin disease prevention, control, and awareness workshop Budapest, Hungary, 7-9 March 2017 6 • Suspicion raised by owners, private veterinarians, animal traders and slaughterhouse staff • Preparation of an investigation kit to assist official district veterinarians • Chain of notification • Type and number of samples • Separation of sick animals (if feasible) • Clinical examination and sample collection from the rest of the animals • Freezing cattle movements and trade Section 6: Immediate measures in the farm in case of suspicion 4 Lumpy skin disease prevention, control, and awareness workshop Budapest, Hungary, 7-9 March 2017 7 • What data should be included into an outbreak investigation • How long the disease has been present • Magnitude of the problem: a number of cases, definition of epidemiological unit and population at risk • Possible source of infection • Movement of animals, people, vehicles or other fomites Section 6. (...) Control and prevention of LSD 6 Lumpy skin disease prevention, control, and awareness workshop Budapest, Hungary, 7-9 March 2017 11 • Active and passive clinical surveillance • Feasible use of diagnostic tools for post-outbreak surveillance • PCR • Serology Section 10. Surveillance programs Lumpy skin disease prevention, control, and awareness workshop Budapest, Hungary, 7-9 March 2017 12 Dr Eeva S.M.

Score: 1011752.3 - https://www.fao.org/fileadmin/...017/LSD_bp/d3/ManualReview.pdf