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Investing in adaptation in the drylands, is betting on improving the quality of life of the people living in them.

2006 年 9 月 12 日，任意拘留问题工作组主席兼报告员以及人权维 护者处境问题秘书长特别代表向印度政府发出了紧急呼吁，涉及印度土著律师和人 权维护者，包括 Yengkokpam Langamba Meitei (又名 Thabi)、“受威胁的土著人协 会”(TIPS)宣传秘书以及曼尼普尔(Manipur)地区人权组织联盟 Apunda Lup 发言人、 人权律师 Leitanthem Umakanta Meitei 和 TIPS 秘书长。 (...) 第二天凌晨 4 时左右，Manipur 的警察和 Assam Rifles 成员未出示任何逮 捕状便在 Leitanthem Umakanta Meitei 的家中逮捕了他。警察带走了 15 个含有 TIPS 活动资料的光盘、一些书籍，其中包括三本国际劳工组织的书籍，以及他妻子的手 机。后来，当 Leitanthem Umakanta Meitei 的妻子和兄弟前往英帕尔(Imphal)警察派 出所看望他时，才向他们出示了逮捕状。

尾注 1 与 JS13相关的内容应为： JS13 Civil Society Coalition on Human Rights in Manipur and the UN: Centre for Organisation Research Education (CORE), Citizens Concerns for Dams and Development (CCDD), Civil Liberties and Human Rights Organisation (CLAHRO), Civil Liberties People Forum (CLPF), Committee on Human Rights, Manipur (COHR), Extra-judicial Execution Victim Families’ Association Manipur (EEVFAM), Families of the Involuntarily Disappeared’s Association Manipur (FIDAM), Federation of Regional Indigenous Societies (FREINDS), Forum for Indigenous Perspective and Action (FIPA), Human Rights Alert (HRA), Human Rights Law Network Manipur (HRLN-M), Just Peace Foundation (JPF), Movement for Peoples’ Right to Information Manipur (M-PRIM), North East Dialogue Forum (NEDF), Threatened Indigenous Peoples Society (TIPS), United Peoples Front (UPF) (Joint Submission 13); 联 合 国 A/HRC/WG.6/13/IND/3/Corr.1 大 会 Distr.: General 21 May 2012 Chinese Original: English A/HRC/WG.6/13/IND/3/Corr.1 2 GE.12-13554 3.

委员会制作了一份指导文件，即如何在数 字广告中作出明确和显著的披露 (见 https://www.ftc.gov/tips-advice/business- center/guidance/com-disclosures-how-make-effective-disclosures-digital)。总的原则 是，广告必须说明真相，不能误导消费者，所有说法都必须有事实支持，免责声 明必须明确和显著 (见 https://www.ftc.gov/tips-advice/business-center/guidance/ advertising-marketing-internet-rules-road; https://www.ftc.gov/tips-advice/business-center/ guidance/com-disclosures-how-make-effective-disclosures-digital)。 (...) 关于通俗易懂的提高意识材料，一个例子是澳大利亚竞争和消费者委员会 发布的“网上适时购物攻略”为互联网用户提供如何保护自身安全和在网上安全 交易的秘诀 (见 http://www.accc.gov.au/publications/tips-for-a-fine-time-shopping- online)。 C. 良好商业做法 63.

Residents of communities struck by the IMF often complained that attacks had been undertaken on the basis of fabricated information provided by individuals pursuing personal grudges.13 Numerous Government officials also claimed that civilian casualties had often been caused by international forces acting on false tips. One governor stated that there were people in his province who make a business of acting as intermediaries who would give false tips to the international forces in return for payment from individuals holding grudges. (...) This does not mean that the problem should be ignored.16 Government officials at all levels repeatedly argued that tighter cooperation between the international forces and the NDS in vetting targets and planning operations was the surest path toward reducing civilian casualties caused by false tips.17 The merits of corroborating intelligence with as many sources as possible were not disputed by international military commanders, although one characterized the NDS’s information as being more copious than reliable. 18. (...) These killings are the tip of an iceberg of intimidation, epitomized by the “night letters” distributed to civilians.

ST.L.REV.477 (1985-86) S/1999/727 Chinese Page 15 The D.C.Circuit: Here and Now, 55 GEO.WASH.L.REV. (1987) Book Review,7 J.POL’Y ANALYSIS & MGM’T.373 (Winter 1988) (reviewing STORM CENTER: THE SUPREME COURT IN AMERICAN POLITICS) Technology and the Courts, in SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY ADVICE TO THE PRESIDENT,CONGRESS,AND JUDICIARY(Golden ed.1988) Limits on the Use of Economic Analysis in Judicial Decisionmaking, 50 LAW AND CONTEMPORARY PROBLEMS 225 (1988) Some Exceptional Condition --The Anatomy of a Decision Under Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 53 (b), 62 ST.JOHN’S L.REV.405 (1988) Colloquy: Human Voice in Legal Discourse-Disembodied Voices-An Appellate Judge’s Response,66 TEX.L.REV.623 (1988) Three Challenges to the Legal Profession, 36 FED.B.NEWS & J.227 (June 1989) Random Thoughts on a Random Process: Selecting Appellate Judges, 6 THE JOURNAL OF LAW & POLITICS 15 (1989) Calendars,Collegiality,and Other Intangibles on the Court of Appeals,in THE FEDERAL APPELLATE JUDICIARY IN THE 21ST CENTURY (Federal Judicial Center,1990) Selecting Law Clerks, 89 MICH.L.REV.152 (1990) The Conscience of a Judge, 25 SUFFOLK U.L.REV.619 (1992) Some Real-Life Observations About Judging, 26 IND.L.REV.173 (1992) Doctor,Lawyer,Merchant,Chief ,60 GEO.WASH.L.REV.1127 (1992) Communicating With Juries (Panel Two:Innovations for Improving Communications and Views from Appellate Courts), 68 IND.L.J.1061(1993) Collegiality on a Court, 40 FED.B.NEWS &J.521(Sept.1993) S/1999/727 Chinese Page 16 Law Clerks:The Transformation of the Judiciary,the Long-Term View,Vol.3,No.1 (1995)(interview) The Rhetoric of Results and the Results of Rhetoric:Judicial Writings,62 U.CHI.L. REV.1371 (1995) 17 Tips From 17 Years on the Appellate Bench ,The Appellate Advocate (AAAL) (Fall,1996) Hans Linde and the Elusive Art of Judging: Intellect and Craft Are Never Enough,75 TEX.L.REV.215 (1996) Summary Judgment at Sixty, 76 TEX.L.REV.1897 (1998) A Twenty-Year Retrospective on Life and Law in the D.C.Circuit Cosmos Club Speech (excerpted in COSMOS CLUB BULLETIN)(1998) 19 Tips From 19 Years on the Appellate Bench,1 J.APP.

ST.L.REV.477 (1985-86) The D.C.Circuit: Here and Now, 55 GEO.WASH.L.REV. (1987) Book Review,7 J.POL’Y ANALYSIS & MGM’T.373 (Winter 1988) (reviewing STORM CENTER: THE SUPREME COURT IN AMERICAN POLITICS) Technology and the Courts, in SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY ADVICE TO THE PRESIDENT,CONGRESS,AND JUDICIARY(Golden ed.1988) Limits on the Use of Economic Analysis in Judicial Decisionmaking, 50 LAW AND CONTEMPORARY PROBLEMS 225 (1988) Some Exceptional Condition --The Anatomy of a Decision Under Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 53 (b), 62 ST.JOHN’S L.REV.405 (1988) Colloquy: Human Voice in Legal Discourse-Disembodied Voices-An Appellate Judge’s Response,66 TEX.L.REV.623 (1988) Three Challenges to the Legal Profession, 36 FED.B.NEWS & J.227 (June 1989) Random Thoughts on a Random Process: Selecting Appellate Judges, 6 THE JOURNAL OF LAW & POLITICS 15 (1989) Calendars,Collegiality,and Other Intangibles on the Court of Appeals,in THE FEDERAL APPELLATE JUDICIARY IN THE 21ST CENTURY (Federal Judicial Center,1990) A/53/1042 13 Selecting Law Clerks, 89 MICH.L.REV.152 (1990) The Conscience of a Judge, 25 SUFFOLK U.L.REV.619 (1992) Some Real-Life Observations About Judging, 26 IND.L.REV.173 (1992) Doctor,Lawyer,Merchant,Chief ,60 GEO.WASH.L.REV.1127 (1992) Communicating With Juries (Panel Two:Innovations for Improving Communications and Views from Appellate Courts), 68 IND.L.J.1061(1993) Collegiality on a Court, 40 FED.B.NEWS &J.521(Sept.1993) Law Clerks:The Transformation of the Judiciary,the Long-Term View,Vol.3,No.1 (1995)(Interview) The Rhetoric of Results and the Results of Rhetoric:Judicial Writings,62 U.CHI.L. REV.1371 (1995) 17 Tips From 17 Years on the Appellate Bench ,The Appellate Advocate (AAAL) (Fall,1996) Hans Linde and the Elusive Art of Judging: Intellect and Craft Are Never Enough,75 TEX.L.REV.215 (1996) Summary Judgment at Sixty, 76 TEX.L.REV.1897 (1998) A Twenty-Year Retrospective on Life and Law in the D.C.Circuit Cosmos Club Speech (excerpted in COSMOS CLUB BULLETIN)(1998) 19 Tips From 19 Years on the Appellate Bench,1 J.APP.

还是在同一次会议上，论坛听取了下列观察员的发言：加拿大、Fundo Indigeno、Parlamento Indígena de América、The Koani Foundation、Waikiki Hawaiian Civic Clubs、 Na Koa Ikaika o Ka Lahui Hawaii、Seventh Generation Fund、International Institute for the Study and Preservation of Aboriginal Peoples，Threatened (TIPs)、India Confederation of Indigenous and Tribal Peoples、 Tugara Nation、 Pacific Caucus、 Asia Caucus 和 Tlahtlokan Nahuacalli。

Informational posters are posted up at strategic points in the Mining Districts. 80 41 Police Officers and Ranks received training on TIPS which included victim identification and investigations. 81 For instance, the MoAA in collaborated with the Catholic Relief Services (CRS) conducted TIPs education and awareness training in forty four (44) Amerindian villages in 4 Administrative Regions, most vulnerable to trafficking activity in 2011. (...) In addition, two have been convicted for TIPs and unlawful discharge of weapon with intent. 135 See also CRC/C/GUY/Q/2-4/Add.1 para# 109–113. 136 See Guyana Constitution Cap:1:01 www.legalaffairs.gov.gy/information/laws-of-guyana.

Intelligence gathering and false tips 29. In his mission report, the previous mandate holder documented unacceptable killings of civilians by the Government or by international military forces on the basis of hasty conclusions (for example, based on suspicious activity and civilians mistaken for combatants).