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  ITU-T Video Coding Experts Group Document

If blur introduced in blocks of 4*4 or 8*8 CIF-pixels, we cannot allow it? (...) Therefore CIF is appreciated. Blur during motion In video communication, blur is often introduced during motion. (...) This indicates that blur is acceptable on rapidly moving objects involved in big movements.

Score: 1184180.5 - https://www.itu.int/wftp3/av-a...video-site/9709_Sun/q15b25.doc

  Draft Appendix to H

There are great variations in type of blur and it’s effect on perception. Therefore, this discussion is restricted to a brief comparison of acceptable blur on different occasions. (...) This indicates that blur is acceptable on rapidly moving objects involved in big movements in signing. (...) Blur is only evaluated on hands and face. The delay is measured.

Score: 1144395.2 - https://www.itu.int/wftp3/av-a...video-site/9902_Mon/q15g40.doc

  Draft Appendix to H

There are great variations in type of blur and it’s effect on perception. Therefore, this discussion is restricted to a brief comparison of acceptable blur on different occasions. (...) This indicates that blur is acceptable on rapidly moving objects involved in big movements in signing. (...) Blur is only evaluated on hands and face. The delay is measured.

Score: 1144395.2 - https://www.itu.int/wftp3/av-a...eo-site/9811_Seo/q15f12w97.doc

  [COM12-D059] AT&T (Q10/12, Q11/12): Detection and discimination of blur in edges and lines

[COM12-D059] AT&T (Q10/12, Q11/12): Detection and discimination of blur in edges and lines Français   Español Print Version Office of the Secretary General Radio- communication (ITU-R) Telecom Standardization (ITU-T) Telecom Development (ITU-D) TELECOM Exhibitions and Forum Membership Home Page : Publications [COM12-D059] AT&T (Q10/12, Q11/12): Detection and discimination of blur in edges and lines   Availability : TIES Users   View or Download Document Format Size Posted TIES Users English   Word for Windows 7.0 108.5 kb Feb 13 1998 Top  -  Feedback  -  Privacy  -  Copyright © ITU 2001  All Rights Reserved Contact for this page :  webmaster@itu.int Updated : 2007-03-30  

Score: 1139177.05 - https://www.itu.int/itudoc/itu...com12/dcontr/dc-feb98/059.html

  With boundaries blurring between crime and terror, international cooperation’s vital, UN highlights

With boundaries blurring between crime and terror, international cooperation’s vital, UN highlights | | 1UN News Skip to main content Welcome to the United Nations Language العربية 中文 English Français Русский Español Português Kiswahili Other Hindi हिंदी Global UN News Global perspective Human stories Search Search Advanced Search Main navigation Home Africa Americas Asia Pacific Middle East Europe UN Art and Gifts History Corner Topics Peace and Security Economic Development Humanitarian Aid Climate and Environment Human Rights UN Affairs Women Law and Crime Prevention Health Culture and Education SDGs Migrants and Refugees In depth Interviews Features Photo Stories News in Brief The Lid is On UN Gender Focus UN and Africa UN Podcasts Secretary-General Spokesperson All Statements Selected Speeches Press Encounters Official Travels Media UN Video UN Photo Meeting Coverage Media Accreditation Webtv Audio and Subscription Audio Hub Subscribe Facebook Twitter Print Email With boundaries blurring between crime and terror, international cooperation’s vital, UN highlights MINUSMA/Marco Dormino Ammunition for small arms and other unexploded ordnance, stored at a secure location in Mali, prior to their safe disposal. With boundaries blurring between crime and terror, international cooperation’s vital, UN highlights 8 October 2018 Peace and Security The constantly-evolving ‘nexus’ between crime and terrorism, ranging from simple deals to complex symbiotic relationships, demands greater understanding to break the illicit flow of black-market cash across borders, a United Nations meeting heard on Monday. (...) In that context, he reiterated that development of an effective response to growing nexus between terror and crime, should remain one of the highest priorities during his leadership of the Committee. ‘Blurring lines’ between organized crime and terrorism Speaking alongside UN officials, Laura Adal, a senior analyst at the Global Initiative against Transnational Organized Crime, said that the use of violence and threat of violence employed by both terrorists and criminal groups, tends to “blur the lines” between the two.

Score: 1137850.2 - https://news.un.org/en/story/2018/10/1022552

  ITU-T VICA Workshop

Vested interests 10 ITU-T VICA Workshop 22-23 July 2005, ITU Headquarter, Geneva dates ITU-T Subjective testing 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 00 :0 0: 00 :0 0 00 :0 4: 00 :1 2 00 :0 4: 50 :1 2 00 :0 5: 40 :1 2 00 :0 6: 39 :2 4 00 :0 7: 29 :2 4 00 :0 8: 19 :2 4 00 :2 7: 19 :1 2 00 :2 8: 09 :1 2 00 :2 8: 59 :1 2 00 :2 9: 49 :1 2 Time Sc or es 32 kbps 128 kbps 384 kbps 17’ LCD monitor viewer desk Viewing room (*) viewing location 1 curtain wall background viewing location 2 viewing location 3 Mean Opinion Score Variance(MOS) 11 ITU-T VICA Workshop 22-23 July 2005, ITU Headquarter, Geneva dates ITU-T Methodologies No Reference: Measure subscriber perceived quality Reference Process the content Processed Measure Quality Reference Process the content Processed Alignment Measure Quality Full Reference: Measure relative degradation 12 ITU-T VICA Workshop 22-23 July 2005, ITU Headquarter, Geneva dates ITU-T Video Quality Metrics No Reference: o Blur o Jerkiness o Blockiness o Colorfulness o MOS Full Reference: o Blur o Jerkiness o Blockiness o Colorfulness o Noise o ANSI metrics o PSNR o MOS 13 ITU-T VICA Workshop 22-23 July 2005, ITU Headquarter, Geneva dates ITU-T NR-MOS: Predictive Power 14 ITU-T VICA Workshop 22-23 July 2005, ITU Headquarter, Geneva dates ITU-T Encoder Optimization Reference Parameters ProcessedENCODER NR FR NR 1: Technical optimization 2: Service optimization 3: Content optimization 1 2 3 15 ITU-T VICA Workshop 22-23 July 2005, ITU Headquarter, Geneva dates ITU-T There is Really a Difference! NR Blur NR Blur NR Blockiness W in do w s M ed ia Ap pl e Q ui ck ti m e NR Blkss 16 ITU-T VICA Workshop 22-23 July 2005, ITU Headquarter, Geneva dates ITU-T Conclusions o ‘Good’ Perceived quality is the key to successful media services o Encoders are mature and are reaching asymptotic performance limit o Video content is highly variable o User expectations are highly variable o Provide cost-performance optimized services - Need to integrate: • Knowledge of content • Knowledge of user perception & expectation • Knowledge of encoder implementation

Score: 1106856.1 - https://www.itu.int/ITU-T/work...resentations/S6_P4_McNally.pdf

  ITU-T Video Coding Experts Group Document

In video recordings, rapidly moving objects are often shown with considerable blur because shutter speeds are normally 1/50 to 1/60 of a second. This indicates that blur is acceptable on rapidly moving objects involved in big movements. (...) SQCIF. Blur is only judged on hands and face. The delay is measured according to the guidelines.

Score: 1104554.3 - https://www.itu.int/wftp3/av-a...ene/q15_draft_sign_profile.doc

  ITU-T Video Coding Experts Group Document

In video recordings, rapidly moving objects are often shown with considerable blur because shutter speeds are normally 1/50 to 1/60 of a second. This indicates that blur is acceptable on rapidly moving objects involved in big movements. (...) SQCIF. Blur is only judged on hands and face. The delay is measured according to the guidelines.

Score: 1104554.3 - https://www.itu.int/wftp3/av-a...video-site/9804_Tam/q15d47.doc

  Page 191 - Kaleidoscope Academic Conference Proceedings 2020

Although it can alleviate the blurring and over-smoothing artifacts to some degree, its predicted results may not be faithfully reconstructed and produce unpleasing artifacts [6]. Step0 Down-sample Bicubic/blur-down down-sample LR dataset HR dataset RCAN [6] proposed a residual in residual structure to form a Step1 Select image very deep network of as many as 400 layers which achieves excellent results. (...) The original HR images are down- later. sampled using either a bi-cubic or blur-down method to generate corresponding LR images. 3.2 Random Filter Sampling (RFS) Step 1: Select images.

Score: 1091517.6 - https://www.itu.int/en/publica.../files/basic-html/page191.html

  WS PRESENTATION TEMPLATE

WS PRESENTATION TEMPLATE Key Drivers/Trends and their Key Drivers/Trends and their ImplicationsImplications Art Reilly Senior Director, Strategic Technology Policy Cisco Systems 2 InvestmentInvestment InnovationInnovation CompetitionCompetition SecuritySecurity Economies of Scale Economies of Scale QualityQuality InteroperabilityInteroperability The Value of IndustryThe Value of Industry--led ICT Standardsled ICT Standards IP NEXT-GENERATION NETWORK IP NEXT-GENERATION NETWORK Creation of an ICT Ecosystem Industry DriversIndustry Drivers IP + SecurityIP + Security R&D, Miniaturization, Greater Spectrum Efficiency, Applications (Home, Office, Mobile) R&D, Miniaturization, Greater Spectrum Efficiency, Applications (Home, Office, Mobile) Competition, Supply Chain Management, Global Markets Competition, Supply Chain Management, Global Markets Internet Protocol-Based Platform; Multiple Access Networks; Security Internet Protocol-Based Platform; Multiple Access Networks; Security CONVERGENCE AND IP-BASED NETWORKS CONVERGENCE AND IP-BASED NETWORKS TECHNOLOGY AND APPLICATION INNOVATION TECHNOLOGY AND APPLICATION INNOVATION GLOBALIZATIONGLOBALIZATION 4 Device Functionality is Blurring...Device Functionality is Blurring... For Consumers and Businesses: Any Service, Any DeviceFor Consumers and Businesses: Any Service, Any Device At Work, at Home, on the Road Video Conferencing Video Conferencing Digital TV / VOD Digital TV / VOD VoIPVoIP High-Speed Internet /VPN High-Speed Internet /VPN PDA / Email PDA / Email Text / Instant Messaging Text / Instant Messaging Custom Ring Tones / MP3 Player Custom Ring Tones / MP3 Player Push-to-Talk / Intercom Push-to-Talk / Intercom VOICEVOICE DATADATAVIDEOVIDEO 5 Key TrendsKey Trends & Markets People and Markets • More User-oriented • Reduced time to market • More Competitive, Global marketsMaximizing Value: Maximizing Value: People/Markets,People/Markets, Technology, and ProcessTechnology, and Process Technology • Convergence; wireless/mobility; distributed processing; nanotech • Need for the best, implementable, end-to-end solutions from multiple providers – sustainable innovations (intellectual property) Process • Increased cooperation, collaboration and communications among standards groups and industry consortia; good standards policies 6 Back -ups 7 World Summit on the Information Society (WSIS)World Summit on the Information Society (WSIS) o Standardization is one of the essential building blocks of the Information Society o There should be particular emphasis on the development of international standards o The development and use of open, interoperable, non- discriminatory and demand-driven standards that take into account the needs of users and consumers is a basic element for the development and greater diffusion of ICTs and more affordable access to them, particularly in developing countries o International standards aim to create an environment where consumers can access services worldwide regardless of underlying technology o Declaration of Principles – Paragraph 42 December 2003 WSIS 8 Implications of Key TrendsImplications of Key Trends o Increased sensitivity to user needs (need to be “close to consumer”) to attract private investment o Innovation (World-class research) needed to achieve the best, cost- effective, global solutions; respect intellectual property o Reduced cycle-time for applications and new features or capabilities to meet market windows (applications and products need to be user-friendly even if technically-sophisticated) o Strategic alliances and partnerships between companies and cooperation/collaboration between standards bodies and forums/consortia to produce complete solutions and acceptance o Economies of scale in global markets will be important to support the research (innovation; intellectual property creation) required in the competitive, global market o Holders of intellectual property will need to ask for reasonable terms and conditions so that they will not price the solution that uses their intellectual property out of the market 9 ConsequencesConsequences To address user and industry needs in a competitive, dynamic and global market, technical standards and their processes, will have to: o Be voluntary, consensus-based, and global o Open and driven by the private sector who can work closely with individual customers to adapt to their needs and feedback o Recognize and incorporate by reference standards work and implementation support, where appropriate, by other standards bodies and consortia to deliver implementable, interoperable, end-to-end solutions with quality and security o Respect the importance of innovation and research and the resulting intellectual property in order to enable new solutions and capabilities Key Drivers/Trends and their Implications The Value of Industry-led ICT Standards Industry Drivers Device Functionality is Blurring...

Score: 1083147.1 - https://www.itu.int/ITU-T/50/docs/RTI-007.pdf