VITALIZING INNOVATIVE AND DIGITAL FINANCING STRATEGIES IN SUPPORT OF THE SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT GOALS
Des normes claires relatives aux obligations sont essentielles pour
permettre aux institutions financières et aux marchés de collaborer efficacement
avec les investisseurs potentiels en Asie et dans le Pacifique ainsi que de
développer des produits et des services qui peuvent aider à financer l’action
climatique et les objectifs de développement durable.
2 Josué Banga, « The green bond market: a potential source of climate finance for developing
countries », Journal of Sustainable Finance & Investment, vol. 9, no 1 (2019), pp. 17-32.
3 International Capital Market Association, « Green Bond Principles: voluntary process guidelines
for issuing green bonds » (Paris, 2021). Disponible à l’adresse suivante : www.icmagroup.org/
assets/documents/Sustainable-finance/2021-updates/Green-Bond-Principles-June-2021-
100621.pdf.
4 International Capital Market Association, « Sustainable finance ». (...) Le plan d’action comprend
des initiatives de renforcement de la résilience du secteur financier face aux
risques écologiques, des programmes d’obligations, de prêts et de subventions
verts, des projets mondiaux d’innovation en matière de technologie financière
visant à exploiter les solutions technologiques, et des initiatives de renforcement
des connaissances et des capacités en matière de finance durable grâce à des
services de recherche, de formation, de vérification et de notation12 ;
d) En octobre 2020, la Commission thaïlandaise de contrôle des
opérations de bourse et la Thai Bond Market Association ont lancé une
plateforme d’information sur l’environnement, les questions sociales et la
gouvernance pour informer les investisseurs et les émetteurs sur les obligations
thématiques.

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FOREIGN PORTFOLIO EQUITY INVESTMENT IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES : CURRENT ISSUES AND PROSPECTS : REPORT / BY THE UNCTAD SECRETARIAT
TD/B/WG.1/11
page 5
INTRODUCTION
10. Le bond récent des investissements étrangers de portefeuille,
en particulier sous forme de participation, dans les pays en développement,
apporte une preuve satisfaisante que leur réputation financière s’améliore,
mais pose en même temps un certain nombre de questions de principe. (...) Les investissements étrangers de portefeuille sur les nouveaux marchés
boursiers 4/ ont fait un bond à un moment où des changements structurels se
produisaient sur les marchés internationaux de capitaux et dans l’économie des
pays d’accueil. (...) Toutefois, la rentabilité des nouvelles places financières a fléchi ces deux
dernières années et quelques-unes sont demeurées extrêmement instables.
En outre, le bond des actifs en portefeuilles vers un certain nombre de pays
d’Amérique latine s’expliquait aussi par le rapatriement de capitaux fugitifs
et par une baisse des taux d’intérêt aux Etats-Unis 39/.
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CENSUS DATA FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF FUNCTIONAL GEOGRAPHIES: THE CASE OF LABOUR MARKET AREAS
CENSUS DATA FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF FUNCTIONAL GEOGRAPHIES: THE CASE OF LABOUR MARKET AREAS
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RPT IE FOREIGN DEBT - MISSION TO ARGENTINA
It should be noted that the international financial markets and IMF were complicit in
deepening the severity of Argentina’s crisis. (...) The exclusion
of the country from the international financial markets has forced the Government to draw
on the country’s foreign reserves to service debt. (...) For example, NML Capital paid approximately
$48.7 million for more than $220 million in defaulted bonds but is claiming an amount that
would represent a profit of 1,380 per cent.
33.
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LETTER DATED 6 MAY 2019 FROM THE PERMANENT REPRESENTATIVE OF CHINA TO THE UNITED NATIONS ADDRESSED TO THE SECRETARY-GENERAL
First, we will expand market access for foreign investment in more areas.
(...) We will steadily open China’s market wider to quality
products from across the world. (...) We will see
that governments at all levels operate in a well-regulated way when it comes to issuing
administrative licenses and conducting market oversight. We will overhaul and
abolish unjustified regulations, subsidies and practices that impede fair competition
and distort the market.
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RPT IE FOREIGN DEBT - MISSION TO GREECE
The deteriorating fiscal results
led to downgrades of Government bonds by credit rating agencies in late April 2010. (...) According to information available to the Independent Expert, approximately 15,000
Greek families holding Government bonds were included in the Private Sector Initiative
without their consent.27 At current market prices, their bonds have less than 30 per cent of
their nominal value.
27. The Independent Expert is concerned at allegations that, when purchasing their
bonds, some Greek investors were misled by bank personnel who failed to adhere to the
Markets in Financial Instruments Directive (MiFID Directive 2004/39/EC).
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We encourage additional countries to voluntarily join in implementing the agreed mechanisms instruments and to help develop and implement additional innovative modalities, including a widening of countries participating in a financial transaction tax, a tax on airline tickets, carbon taxes or market-based instruments that price carbon, taxes on fuels used in international aviation and maritime activities, or additional tobacco taxes. (...) We also welcome the current work led by the Leading Group to explore innovative mechanisms based on models combining public and private resources such as green bonds, vaccine bonds, triangular loans and pull mechanisms.
***
Le Secrétariat permanent et la présidence chilienne invitent tous les membres et partenaires du groupe pilote de partager leurs vues et observations sur les parties consacrées aux financements innovants dans la version zéro de l’accord d’Addis-Abeba.
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INVESTMENTS OF THE UNITED NATIONS JOINT STAFF PENSION FUND AND STEPS AND EFFORTS UNDERTAKEN TO INCREASE DIVERSIFICATION : REPORT OF THE SECRETARY-GENERAL
Les entreprises
canadiennes ont continué d’investir fortement dans la technologie, l’embauche s’est
intensifiée et les bénéfices ont fait un bond en avant, le Canada profitant de la
hausse du cours des produits de base en tant que fournisseur de ressources
naturelles. (...) SG Yamaichi 247 38,2 27,9 48,5 43,7 20,4 21,1
Africa Emerging Markets Fund 41 54,8 62,2 n.d.
Emerging Markets Fund 91 45,9 47,0 n.d.
Emerging Markets Middle East
Fund A – n.d. n.d. n.d.
Taiwan Fund, Inc. 5 -0,5 19,0 n.d.
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THE TREATMENT OF SPECIAL PURPOSE ENTITIES IN THE NETHERLANDS : NOTE / BY STATISTICS NETHERLANDS
FINANCIAL BALANCE SHEET
4.1 OPENING BALANCE SHEET
A Other deposits 18 476 21 735 21 198 25 535 27 448 32 622 32 509
Long term bonds 28 834 27 539 25 320 24 322 25 136 28 053 21 230
Short term loans 200 293 193 916 189 178 180 379 148 445 146 048 177 869
Long term loans 223 095 243 864 237 087 259 772 272 659 285 083 290 279
Shares and other equities 433 183 529 899 522 960 570 620 600 348 689 956 777 348
Other accounts receivable and payable 18 046 26 405 28 165 23 843 22 725 21 226 23 276
Total assets 921 927 1 043 358 1 023 908 1 084 471 1 096 761 1 202 988 1 322 511
L Long term bonds 288 014 300 614 311 601 310 567 302 776 297 943 320 170
Short term loans 79 650 101 209 99 343 107 433 96 089 116 491 127 784
Long term loans 103 303 115 400 110 888 132 075 151 334 186 729 162 984
Shares and other equities 457 005 526 157 499 226 523 515 498 440 568 729 673 716
Other accounts receivable and payable 15 641 18 398 24 578 19 188 16 924 15 918 20 625
Total liabilities 943 613 1 061 778 1 045 636 1 092 778 1 065 563 1 185 810 1 305 279
Total net worth – 21 686 – 18 420 – 21 728 – 8 307 31 198 17 178 17 232
4.2 FINANCIAL ACCOUNT
A Other deposits 5 994 – 419 4 283 1 115 4 389 604 24 063
Long term bonds 5 625 19 55 1 511 2 223 – 5 771 6 578
Short term loans 9 655 13 882 – 3 622 – 28 716 – 6 816 34 114 7 185
Long term loans 36 785 14 719 27 650 15 594 8 913 14 627 220 241
Shares and other equities 132 299 2 539 59 930 14 433 35 881 99 495 41 610
Other accounts receivable and payable 6 687 1 408 – 4 068 – 1 086 – 1 649 1 353 – 209
Change in assets 197 045 32 148 84 228 2 851 42 941 144 422 299 468
L Long term bonds 32 297 20 132 25 428 – 5 611 – 10 511 23 696 32 180
Short term loans 27 542 12 155 9 232 – 11 848 18 060 15 374 63 959
Long term loans 18 737 5 438 24 609 23 452 30 932 – 18 433 145 501
Shares and other equities 116 263 – 9 525 31 431 – 589 6 168 120 333 60 831
Other accounts receivable and payable 2 206 4 648 – 5 687 – 2 008 – 1 084 4 604 – 3 729
Change in liabilities 197 045 32 848 85 013 3 396 43 565 145 574 298 742
Changes in financial net worth – – 700 – 785 – 545 – 624 – 1 152 726
Net landing/net borrowing – – 700 – 785 – 545 – 624 – 1 152 726
Statistical discrepancy – – – – – – –
4.3 OTHER CHANGES
A Other deposits – 2 735 – 118 54 798 785 – 717 – 779
Long term bonds – 6 920 – 2 238 – 1 053 – 697 694 – 1 052 – 22
Short term loans – 16 032 – 18 620 – 5 177 – 3 218 4 419 – 2 293 – 678
Long term loans – 16 016 – 21 496 – 4 965 – 2 707 3 511 – 9 431 – 6 686
Shares and other equities – 35 583 – 9 478 – 12 270 15 295 53 727 – 12 103 – 25 564
Other accounts receivable and payable 1 672 352 – 254 – 32 150 697 536
Total assets other changes – 75 614 – 51 598 – 23 665 9 439 63 286 – 24 899 – 33 193
L Long term bonds – 19 697 – 9 145 – 26 462 – 2 180 5 678 – 1 469 – 9 546
Short term loans – 5 983 – 14 021 – 1 142 504 2 342 – 4 081 – 283
Long term loans – 6 640 – 9 950 – 3 422 – 4 193 4 463 – 5 312 – 7 397
Shares and other equities – 47 111 – 17 406 – 7 142 – 24 486 64 121 – 15 346 21 057
Other accounts receivable and payable 551 1 532 297 – 256 78 103 1 035
Total liabilities other changes – 78 880 – 48 990 – 37 871 – 30 611 76 682 – 26 105 4 866
Total other changes in net worth 3 266 – 2 608 14 206 40 050 – 13 396 1 206 – 38 059
4.4 CLOSING BLAANCE SHEET
A Other deposits 21 735 21 198 25 535 27 448 32 622 32 509 55 793
Long term bonds 27 539 25 320 24 322 25 136 28 053 21 230 27 786
Short term loans 193 916 189 178 180 379 148 445 146 048 177 869 184 376
Long term loans 243 864 237 087 259 772 272 659 285 083 290 279 503 834
Shares and other equities 529 899 522 960 570 620 600 348 689 956 777 348 793 394
Other accounts receivable and payable 26 405 28 165 23 843 22 725 21 226 23 276 23 603
Total assets 1 043 358 1 023 908 1 084 471 1 096 761 1 202 988 1 322 511 1 588 786
L Long term bonds 300 614 311 601 310 567 302 776 297 943 320 170 342 804
Short term loans 101 209 99 343 107 433 96 089 116 491 127 784 191 460
Long term loans 115 400 110 888 132 075 151 334 186 729 162 984 301 088
Shares and other equities 526 157 499 226 523 515 498 440 568 729 673 716 755 604
Other accounts receivable and payable 18 398 24 578 19 188 16 924 15 918 20 625 17 931
Total liabilities 1 061 778 1 045 636 1 092 778 1 065 563 1 185 810 1 305 279 1 608 887

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FINANCING FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT IN ASIA AND THE PACIFIC: NOTE BY THE SECRETARIAT
», background paper for the Economic Cooperation and Integration among
Developing Countries Report 2012, CNUCED, 2012.
24 In Seok Baek and Pil-Kyu Kim, « Determinants of bond market development in Asia », in
Asian Capital Market Development and Integration: Challenges and Opportunities, Asian
Development Bank and Korea Capital Market Institute, eds. (Oxford, Oxford University Press,
2014).
25 Données obtenues auprès de la Banque des règlements internationaux.
26 In Seok Baek and Pil-Kyu Kim, « Determinants of bond market development in Asia », in
Asian Capital Market Development and Integration: Challenges and Opportunities, Asian
Development Bank and Korea Capital Market Institute, eds.
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