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However, the Working Group notes indications of the capacity of some DynCorp employees to engage in direct combat if necessary. This was publicly reported in 2001 when in the course of DynCorp’s logistical operations in Colombia, its employees engaged in direct combat against Colombian rebels to rescue the crew of a helicopter that had been shot down by guerrillas. (...) The Working Group was informed by NGOs of the so-called “Plan Colombia”， which includes spraying activities which are carried out by PMSCs to combat narcotics cultivation, production and trade along the northern border zone of Ecuador and southern Colombia. (...) A/HRC/4/42/Add.2 page 18 in 2003, and demonstrates that when the population is subjected to fumigations “the risk of cellular damage can increase and that, once permanent, the cases of cancerous mutations and important embryonic alterations are increased that prompt among other possibilities the rise in abortions in the area”.35 50.

._ A_ Clarification of the concept ______________________________________ __ B_ Manifestations of Christianophobia _________________________ __ C_ Recommendations ____________________________________________________ __ IV_ DIALECTIC BETWEEN THE SPECIFICITIES AND SI〕\IGULARITIES OF EACH PHOBIA AND UNIVERSALITY OF EFFORTS TO COMBAT RACISM AND DISCRIl\/I1I\IATION ___________________________________ ._ RECOMMENDATIONS _____________________________________________________ ._ P况厂况g厂况Z】衢z占 1-12 13 一 34 13 一 19 20 一 30 31 一 34 3S 一 Sl 36 -43 44-47 48 一 Sl S2 一 62 SZ 一 S4 SS-S7 S8-62 63-6S 66-69 P况之窒E S 7 11 12 13 IS 16 17 17 19 19 20 21 E/CN_4/ZOOS/18/Add_4 page S Introduction 1_ II1 its resolution 2004/6 of 13 April 2004 On combating defamation of religi0nS， the Commission On Human Rights requested the Special Rapporteur On contemporary forms of raciSIn， racial diScriIninati0n， Xenophobia and related intolerance to examine the Situation of Muslim and Arab peoples in Various parts of tl〕e World Wi迂1 Special reference to Physical assaults and attacks against their Places of W0rShip， cultural centreS， businesses and properties in tl〕e afterma迂1 of tl〕e events of 11 September 2001_ Z_ II1 additi0n， in its resolution S8/160 of ZZ December 2003 On global efforts for tl〕e total elimination of raciSIn， racial diScriIninati0n， Xenophobia and related intolerance and tl〕e comprehensive implementation of and f0ll0W一up to the Durban Declaration and Programme of ActiOI1， tl〕e General Assembly recognized Wi迂1 deep concern the increase in anti一SeInitiSIn， Christianophobia and Islamophobia in Various parts of tl〕e W0rld， as Well as the emergence of racial and Violent Inovements based On racism and discriminatory ideas directed against Afab， ChriStian， IeWiSh and Muslim communities_ 3_ II1 the Durban Declaration adopted by the World Conference against RaciSIn， Racial DiScriIninati0n， Xenophobia and Related Intolerance in September Z00l， States recognized Wi迂1 deep concern 4石religious intolerance against certain religious c0InInunitieS， as Well as the emergence of hostile acts and Violence against Such communities because of their religious beliefs and 由eir racial of e迂lnic Origin in Various parts of tl〕e W0rld，， (A/CONF_I89/12 and C0rr_l， para_ S9)_ They also recognized Wi迂1 deep concern 4石the increase in anti一semitism and Islamophobia in Various parts of the W0rld， as Well as tl〕e emergence of racial and Violent Inovements based On racism and discriminatory ideas against IeWiSh， Muslim and Arab c0InInunitieS，， (ibid_， para_ 6l)_ 4_ II1 his Opening remarks at the United Nations Department of Public Information Seminar On anti一semitism in NeW York On Zl _Tune Z004， tl〕e Secretary一General encouraged Member States to take the necessary Ineasures to combat anti一semitism in all its forms and to take action comparable to Commission resolution 2004/6， Which requests the Special Rapporteur to examine tl〕e Situation of Muslim and Afab peoples in Various parts of the World_ The Special Rapporteur Wishes to express his 由anks to tl〕e Secretary一General for tl〕e Inessage of Support Sent to tl〕e Seminar On religious defamation held in BarcelOna， Spain， from 11 to 14 November Z004， a Inessage Which bears Witness to his commitment to efforts to combat all forms of discrimination_ S_ II1 his report to tl〕e Commission at its Sixtie由 SeSSiOn， tl〕e Special Rapporteur considered tl1at4石in VieW of tl〕e large number of confirmed incidents and of the representative and therefore innuential nature of the Personalities inV0lVed， the concern expressed by Participant States at tl〕e Durban Conference regarding the rise of anti一semitism is juStified，，， and that it is 4石important to make the rise of anti一SeInitiSIn， like 迂lat of ISlam0PhObia， the Subject of an in一depth Study， Which Will look into its underlying cauSeS， its Inanifestations and tl〕e Ways and Ineans available to combat it，， (E/CN_4/2004/l8， para_ lS)_ E/CN_4/ZOOS/18/Add_4 page 6 6_ II1 the light of the above reS0lutiOnS， tl〕e Secretary一General，S remarks and tl〕e Durban DeclaratiOn， tl〕e Special Rapporteur decided to analyse fur迂ler the question of tl〕e defamation of religions and， in particular， anti一SeInitiSIn， Christianophobia and ISlaIn0ph0bia， and to Submit a report On this question to tl〕e Commission at its Sixty一first Session_ 7_ For tl〕e Preparation of his repOrt， the Special Rapporteur ga由ered information from Various StateS， intergovernmental Organizations and non一governmental human rights Organizations_ He also Organized tl〕e expert Seminar On 由is question held in Barcelona_ The Seminar， Which brought together Very high一level eXpertS， had the f0ll0Wing Objectives二 T0 clarify the concepts of anti一SeInitiSIn， Christianophobia and Islamophobia and identify tl〕e underlying causes of the gr0W迂1 in 由ese 迂lree Phobias二 T0 identify tl〕e nature of tl〕e Inanifestations and expressions of these Various phobias at the indiVidual， intellectual and political levels二 T0 analyse tl〕e dialectic betWeen tl〕e Specificities and Singularities of these phobias and the universality of efforts to combat racism and discrimination二 T0 formulate recommendations On Ways and Ineans of combating 由ese phobias_ 8_ The Barcelona Seminar Was based On analysis of Six Studies (tW0 for each of tl〕e phobias) previously entrusted to eminent experts二 Anti一semitism二 ES山er Ben一Bassa (France)， professor of Inodern IeWiSh hiSt0ry， School of Advanced StudieS， Sorbonne (France)， and Visiting professor at the Ne迂lerlands Institute for Adva.nced Study (NetherlandS)二 Graciela Ben一Dr0r， pr0feSSOr， Department of History at the University of H菖ifa (ISrael)二 Christianophobia二 Rev_ DreW ChriStianSen， S__T_ (Ph_D_)， (United States of AInerica)， United States Conference of Ca由Olic Bishops (United States of AInerica)二 Hanna Kildani， hiSt0rian， Director一General of the Department of Educati0n， Latin Patriarchate (_T0rdan)二 Islamophobia二 Amir Al一ISlaIn， Secretary一General of tl〕e World Muslim Council for Interreligious Relations (United States of AInerica)二 Ashgar Ali Engineer， Chairman of tl〕e Centre for the Study of Society and Secularism (II1dia)_ 9_ II1 Particular the Special Rapporteur encouraged interdisciplinary discussions among 由ese experts S0 as to Open up tl〕e intellectual ghettos Which have gradually formed around these 迂lree questions_ 10_ For ISlam0PhObia， the Special Rapporteur has also relied heavily On tl〕e report d工afted by Abduljalil Sajid， Chairman of tl〕e Muslim Council for Religious and Racial Harmony (United Kingdom) and a Inember of the United Kingdom Commission On British Muslims and ISlaIn0ph0bia， entitled 4石Islamophobia二 A neW Word for an Old fear，，_ E/CN_4/ZOOS/18/Add_4 page 7 11_ The Special Rapporteur c0nSiderS， in 迂le light of the experience of his earlier rePOrtS， t壬1乏廿1t he is Ilot in a Position to Submit full numerical data On 迂le 迂lree Phobias in question in View of 迂le difficulty of assessing 迂le reliability of the me迂lodologies and the rigour employed in data collection_ II1 this connection he recalls his recommendation for 迂le eStabliShInent， Wi迂lin the Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human RightS， of an observatory of Structure responsible for collecting reliable data On Inanifestations of raciSIn， racial discrimination and Xenophobia to be Submitted Wi迂1 his annual reports On 山ese three Phobias to the Commission_ 12_ The Present report comprises five chapters_ The first 迂lree are devoted to an analysis of each of 迂le Phobias in question二 ISlam0PhObia， anti一semitism and Christianophobia_ Chapter IV Seeks to elucidate the dialectic between 迂le Specificity of each of 迂lese forms of discrimination and 迂le universality of efforts to combat raciSIn， racial discrimination and Xenophobia_ Chapter V contains the Special RaPP0rteur，S recommendations_ I. (...) The increase in incidents during 迂le Ifaq War Supposedly Provides evidence that ICWS are Perceived as 迂le demonic force behind United States 〔rOOPS， Who Supposedly are defending Israeli interests_ T丑ese experts consider that 迂lere is a clear conceptual relationship betWeen the idea of the existence of a Inalevolent Israeli一lewish plot held by ISlaIniStS， and 迂le extreme hostility towards Zionism and Israel Prevailing in Western EurOPe， Ilot only by representatives of 迂le extreme left and extreme fight， but often by recognized wfitefs and public figufes_ Two pfincipal anti一Semitic S〔randS， dating from 迂le time of Inedieval ChriStianity， are apparent in anti一Israeli Sentiment二 dehumanization and demonization_ It also appears t壬1乏廿1t an anti一Semitic line of reasoning Prevalent in Europe in Z003， bo由 before and after 迂le War in Iraq， is t壬1乏廿1t ICWS have a dual loyalty， of 迂le allegation 迂1at， irrespective of nationality， Iews are first and foremost loyal to IeWiSh interests dictated today by the Sharon Government_ One of 迂le direct results of 迂le demonization of Israel is Supposedly 迂le efforts Inade to isolate 迂le Israeli academic community_ Campaigns for 迂le boycotting of Israel take different f0rInS， in Particular Internet Petitions Signed electronically_ 43_ For Other experts Political Statements against Israeli Policies Should Ilot be characterized as anti一semitism_ It is nei迂ler justifiable Ilor appropriate to exploit a real Problem (anti一semitism in 迂le narrOW Sense) to Seek to Strip a Political adversary of legitimacy by levelling accusations of racism_ They Inaintain 迂lat this is true of propaganda by tl〕e State of ISrael， Which Seeks to reinforce 迂le idea of 迂le 4瀹clash of ciVilizati0nS，， a_nd to link Palestine Wi迂1 global efforts to combat Islam_ T丑is coalescing of anti一semitism and criticisms of 迂le State of Israel Places 迂le IeWiSh People On tl〕e front line of 迂le conflict and hinders efforts to combat anti一semitism in its n乏畏_rrO叉衢艮/er Sense_ II1 this Same context Some intellectuals recall t壬1乏廿1t ICWS have long Since deVelOPed， centred on ISrael， a diaspora一based nationalism t壬1乏廿1t has been Streng迂lened by the E/CN_4/ZOOS/18/Add_4 page IS conflict in the Middle East_ They also Warn against 迂le danger of using anti一semitism as a t00l， in Particular the use Inade of it to Prevent any criticism of Israeli government Policy_ TO associate all the Iews of the World Wi迂1 迂le Policies of a Government Would be to do exactly what anti-Semites do二 瀹瀹All 山ose who are against Sharon are against all IewS，， comes down to Saying t壬1乏廿1t 4石all ICWS are responsible for the Sharon P0licy，， and that， as a c0nSequence， 迂lose against 迂lat Policy have the right to be against all Iews_ B. (...) Conclusions 攫nd recommend霸tions 48_ Anti一SeInitiSIn， One of tl〕e Oldest and Inost enduring forms of diScriIninati0n， is undergoing a Inajor reSurgence， as tl〕e result of its historical dePth， tl〕e continued existence of its Origins and traditional InanifeStati0nS， particularly in EurOPe， a.nd Inanifestations linked to the Middle East conflict_ Acc0rdingly， the Special Rapporteur recommends that anti一SeInitiSIn， like ISlaIn0ph0bia， Should be regularly reviewed by tl〕e Commission On tl〕e basis of a report and 迂lat reliable， firm data Should be collected to assess its Scope and Inanifestations_ 49_ II1 this regard the Special Rapporteur reiterates his recommendation for the eStabliShInen[， Wi迂lin the Office of tl〕e High C0InIniSSiOner， of a unit responsible for gatl〕ering， analysing and assessing data On acts and Inanifestations of all kinds of racism and diScriIninati0n， including anti一SeInitiSIn， along the lines of the European Observatory for Racist and Xenophobic Phenomena_ S0_ This is necessary Ilot Only Out of respect for the principle of equal treatment of all forms of discrimination but alS0， Wi迂1 regard to anti一SeInitiSIn， the need for an exact IneaSureInent， its link With anti一Zionism and political criticism of tl〕e State of Israel_ TT1e Special Rapporteur c0nSiderS， On tl〕e basis of information and analyses receiVed， 迂lat formulation by tl〕e Commission and by the General Assembly of a global Strategy against anti一SeInitiSIn， in tl〕e context of efforts to combat all forms of racism and diScriIninati0n， Inust take into account tl〕e need to clarify 由ese tWO Parameters Which， through 由eir Special political Significance， render the universal dimension of efforts to combat anti一semitism Inore Problematic_ TT1e Special Rapporteur recommends that tl〕e C0InIniSSi0I1， to tl〕iS end， ackn0Wledge the historical depth and current Significance of anti一SeInitiSIn， by considering that While anti一Zionism and criticism of tl〕e Israeli G0VernInent， S Policy Inay， in certain circleS， have an anti一Semitic c0nn0tatiOn， reducing these tWO elements to anti一semitism could result in a questioning of 迂le legitimacy of democratic political debate_ Recognition of ISrael，S right to exist by tl〕e United Nati0nS， its Member StateS， in particular Afab StateS， in addition to recognition by tl〕e leaders of tl〕e Palestinian Pe0Ple， narrOWS the Scope of 迂le central argument of a link betWeen anti一Zionism and a.nti一semitism Which reduces anti一Zionism to a refusal to recognize tl〕e right of the IeWiSh people to a State_ II1 由is context the Special Rapporteur expresses Very grave concern at tl〕e Suggestion Inade by tl〕e Writer Iean一christophe Rufin in a report to tl〕e French Ministry of tl〕e Interior that anti一Zionism Should be criminalized_ S 1_ Anti一SeInitiSIn， like any ph0bia， comprises a Source immanent in the religion of cultural of Spiritual tradition in queStiOn， Stemming from its relationship Wi迂1 o迂ler religiOnS， its historical reality， its link Wi迂1 tl〕e political d0Inain， and its cultural expression_ Acc0rdingly， tl〕e Special Rapporteur recommends 迂lat the IeWiSh communities of the diaspora promote dialogue Wi迂1 O迂ler cultures and religious and Spiritual traditiOnS， ac1〈n0Wledge and respect religious and cultural pluraliSIn， and Ilot Only combat all f0rInS， expressions and practices of diScriIninati0n， hostility of denigration of o迂ler religi0nS， cultures and c0InInunitieS， including Islamophobia and ChriStianOPhObia， but alSO， in tl〕e context of efforts to combat terrorism and to counter the Strategies of reducing and confining Iudaism to the State of ISrael， Oppose any use of Iudaism to legitimize of justify political Violence_ They InuSt， in 由is SPirit， Promote internal debate Within _TudaiSIn， S0 迂1at， in its p0litical， cultural and geographical diVerSity， it can accept， in a Spirit of dial0gue， critical external c0mmentary， Ilot reducible to anti一SeInitiSIn， Which alone can respond to legitimate questions and to prejudices and Stereotypes Vis一亘一vis Iudaism_ E/CN_4/ZOOS/18/Add_4 page 17 III.

Policies and programmes to combat the sale of children, child prostitution and child pornography.................................................................................... 68–86 14 E. (...) The 2005 reform of the Criminal Code also reflected an effort to combat illegal adoptions. 7. Juvenile justice 38. (...) Policies and programmes to combat the sale of children, child prostitution and child pornography 1.

Many European states have also developed other measures to combat racism, including national action plans to improve the situation of Roma. (...) Part II of the DPA focuses on actions to combat manifestations of racism, xenophobia and racial discrimination which are directed at specific groups of victims. 10. (...) In December 2002, ECRI adopted General Policy Recommendation No.7 on “National legislation to combat racism and racial discrimination” (GPR 7).

Reaffirms that States should respect and ensure compliance with their obligations under international instruments of human rights and international humanitarian law in the context of international military operations launched to combat terrorism; 2.. Demands States and other actors in international military operations launched to combat terrorism to prevent the occurrence of extrajudicial executions, enforced disappearances, torture and other cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment and other grave violations of international human rights and humanitarian law, and to take effective action to combat and eliminate any violation of this kind in all forms and manifestations; 3.. (...) Urges States and other actors in international military operations launched to combat terrorism to undertake all necessary and possible measures, in conformity with human rights law and international humanitarian law, to prevent the loss of life of civilian persons, in particular that of women and children; 5.. (...) The resolution was called: Question of Protecting Human Rights and Fundamental Freedom in the Context of Military Operations Launched to Combat Terrorism”. Draft resolution L.17.Rev.1 was proposed by the Cuban delegation to the meeting as part of its on- going efforts started at the Human Rights Commission’s 6Oth period of sessions.

Conclusions and recommendations......................................................................... 98–126 18 A. Recommendations to combat slave labour in rural areas................................ 102–116 19 B. (...) In addition, companies needed to do more work to combat discrimination in the workplace. 4. Remaining challenges (a) Gaps in laws and policies 55. (...) Workers are often also subject to physical and verbal abuse. 3. Measures to combat slave labour (a) Government programmes 82.

A/HRC/33/9/Add.1 GE.16-16035 15 138 Take all the necessary measures to fully implement the National Social Inclusion Strategy. 139 Take effective measures to address the needs of women belonging to minorities, such as Roma women, in order to eliminate all forms of discrimination against them. 140 Address the discriminatory situation of women belonging to minorities, including Roma women. 141 Continue the implementation of Roma integration policies in all social economic cultural political and educational sectors. 142 Implement a comprehensive plan of action envisaged to protect the rights and improve the life conditions of women and children pertaining to ethnic minorities. 143 Step up the efforts to combat all forms of discrimination and favour equality of opportunities and treatment, with special care and attention to those who are in a more vulnerable situation, such as persons belonging to the Roma community. 144 Undertake further steps to promote efforts to overcome residual social discrimination against Roma and other ethnic minorities. 145 Intensify efforts to combat discrimination and ill-treatment of Roma and eliminate segregation of Roma girls in the educational system. 146 Include specific components in public policies and budgets to address the needs of persons belonging to minorities, including Roma women and children. 147 Adopt more policies and allocate more resources specifically directed towards Roma women and children. 148 Take further steps to address root causes that affect the rights of women belonging to disadvantaged groups. 149 Take effective steps to end discrimination against Roma in education, health, employment, housing and access to services with a special focus on ending continued segregation of Roma children at schools. 150 Step up efforts to effectively prevent and combat discrimination of persons belonging to national minorities, in particular regarding their access to education and health care. 151 Take further steps to eliminate discrimination against the Roma population, especially in the field of education, health, employment, housing and access to services. 152 Take measures to prevent and eliminate racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and others. 153 European Commission for Democracy through Law. 154 Ensure that, in the context of the new legislation adopted in 2011, following the UPR 2011 recommendations, the self-governments truly represent the persons of national minorities on whose behalf they act. 155 Take all necessary measures to eliminate racial discrimination and segregation of Roma in education. 156 Step up efforts to address discrimination and social exclusion faced by persons belonging to the Roma minority with particular emphasis on integrated schooling and social housing. 157 Continue to pay special attention to issues related to the elimination of discrimination of the Roma who study in the education system. 158 Continue its efforts to integrate the adult Roma population in the labour market and the Roma children and young people in the regular education system. 159 Take measures to eliminate any discrimination and segregation in the education system against Roma children. 160 Take resolute measures to put an end, without further delay, to the continuing segregation of Roma children at school. 161 Take active measures to prevent actual segregation of Roma students in public and private schools. 162 Strengthen its efforts to promote tolerance and cultural understanding of the Roma population in the aim of eliminating discrimination including in regard to access to education and employment and participation in politics. 163 Continue the work to further social and economic integration of the Roma population, reduce direct and indirect school segregation of Roma children and actively promote Roma participation in society through education. (...) All Government agencies are open and ready for close cooperation with the Jewish organisations. 167 Violent hate crime (§ 216), inciting hatred against a community (§ 332), denial in public of the crimes committed by the National Socialist or Communist regimes (§ 333). 168 Take effective measures to ensure the Hungarian National Police and the hate-crimes expert net improve the enforcement of laws against hate crimes, including by allocating sufficient resources; undertaking thorough investigations and prosecution; and by providing training for the front-line law enforcement. 169 Protect persons who are marginalized and most vulnerable from intolerance, xenophobia, and other forms of discrimination. 170 Carry out the work to eliminate expressions of hatred, racial and religious discrimination. 171 Intensify national efforts to prevent and eliminate all manifestations of anti-Semitism and take resolute measures to condemn hate speech, including against Roma. 172 Take action against the worrying increase and public use of hate speech, most often addressed at migrants, asylum seekers but also civil society organizations and vulnerable groups. 173 Apply effectively policies against racism and hate speech. 174 Implement effectively its legislation and policies against hate speech and hate crimes with particular focus on the human rights protection of Roma, Jews, LGBTIs and other vulnerable groups. 175 Identify efforts to combat all forms of discrimination and to ensure that hate crimes motivated by racism, xenophobia or other forms of discrimination are effectively investigated and perpetrators are brought to justice. 176 Enhance inter-ethnic, inter-religious, and inter-cultural understanding within the society, and ensure access to justice for victims of racial hatred or violence. 177 Further strengthen measures to combat hate speech and hate crime. 178 Strengthen measures to avoid hate speeches of all kinds in political messages and in the media. 179 Combat hate speech and statements stigmatizing refugees and asylum seekers. 180 Prevent and combat racism and hate speech, including through human rights education and training, and by promoting tolerance. 181 Enhance its efforts to prevent and root out all kind of national and ethnic intolerance, as well as condemn any incitement to ethnic and religious hatred and hate speech against the Roma in particular. 182 Implement strategies aimed at tackling hate speech and xenophobia in all its forms. 183 Continue to fight anti-Semitism, and to oppose any attempt to relativize or rehabilitate anti-Semite policies in the past and present. 184 Continue to strengthen measures to promote tolerance and respect for cultural diversity and to counter prejudice, stereotypes, discrimination, racism and Islamophobia. 185 Continue efforts to sensitize the public to combat discrimination on all grounds online to ensure that all rights are respected. 186 Adopt a hate crime investigation protocol and ensure that victims of hate crimes have effective access to the mechanisms of justice and redress. 187 Further step up efforts to publicly condemn hate speech, including against Roma. (...) The other innovation of the Amendment provides members of national, ethnic, racial or religious groups the possibility to bring action before the court against any statement considered injurious to the group alleging violation of their human dignity. 189 Ensure that the constitutional amendment prohibiting speech that would violate the dignity of the Hungarian nation cannot be used to silence criticism and limit freedom of expression as guaranteed under the ICCPR. 190 The asylum authority provides accommodation and care for asylum seekers during the asylum procedure including free health care, support for education, housing, social services, the acquisition of citizenship etc. 191 Strengthen its measures to combat racism and discrimination in all its forms against migrants and asylum seekers. 192 Establish a comprehensive integration strategy for migrants, with specific measures to prevent and eliminate racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and intolerance against migrants irrespective of their status. 193 Continue to take specific measures to prevent and eliminate racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and intolerance against migrants, refugees and asylum seekers. 194 Redouble efforts to prevent and eliminate racial discrimination, xenophobia and the intolerance against migrants, refugees and asylum seekers. 195 Continue the efforts to combat hate speech, racism, xenophobia and all forms of discrimination against refugees and migrants. 196 Intensify its efforts to combat xenophobia, islamophobia and refugee hatred, and take the necessary measures to condemn hate speech. 197 Take resolute measures to condemn hate speech, racial discrimination, xenophobia and intolerance against all minority groups, migrants and asylum seekers. 198 Take all the necessary measures to combat violence linked to racial discrimination, as well as hate crimes and speeches, including against refugees and migrants. 199 Cease anti-immigration campaigns and rhetoric of incitement to hatred, xenophobia and anti- Semitism and take measures to fight against hate speech and hate crimes in general. 200 Take all steps necessary to ensure that the right to seek asylum is guaranteed for asylum seekers coming to Hungary and that the principle of non-refoulement is respected. 201 Ensure that migrant and asylum-seeking women receive adequate assistance. 202 Advance in measures of assistance and promotion of the rights of migrants, refugees and asylum seekers, in compliance with current international standards. 203 Reform its legislation to ensure full respect of the principle of non-refoulement. 204 Ensure that its legal framework and actions concerning asylum seekers, refugees, and migrants comply with Hungary’s international human rights obligations, including with regard to procedural safeguards.

• Specific steps have been taken to combat real estate mobbing and to provide citizens with protection and information (...) Firstly, a prosecutor has been appointed to the category of Coordinating Prosecutor to combat crime in the area of town planning and environmental protection. (...) This not only did not combat speculation but in fact protected it by law. -----

Notes with appreciation the activities in some countries of independent information networks on racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related intolerance which collect relevant information and develop strategies to combat these phenomena, while also highlighting and disseminating good practices which could assist national bodies and institutions in the development of strategies to combat and eradicate these phenomena; 19. (...) Calls on States to take effective, tangible and comprehensive measures to prevent, combat and eradicate all forms and manifestations; [adopted ad ref] 54. Calls on States to combat impunity for acts of racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related intolerance, to secure expeditious access to justice, and to provide fair and adequate redress for victims; [adopted ad ref] 55.

The Special Rapporteur commended Armenia for enhancing its efforts to combat trafficking in persons through the adoption in 2015 of the Law on Identification and Assistance to Victims of Human Trafficking and Exploitation. (...) She urged the Government to speed up the adoption of the law to combat violence against women and domestic violence as an essential tool to effectively combat and prevent child sexual abuse and exploitation. (...) In February 2014, the Government adopted the National Strategy on Human Rights Protection, which stresses the need to develop a comprehensive strategy to combat violence against children, under the joint responsibility of the Ministry of Labour and Social Issues and the police.