GENERAL
TRADE/WP.7/GE.11/2000/7/Add.3 5 July 2000
ORIGINAL : ENGLISH
ECONOMIC COMMISSION FOR EUROPE
COMMITTEE FOR TRADE, INDUSTRY AND ENTERPRISE DEVELOPMENT
Working Party on Standardization of Perishable Produce and Quality Development
Specialized Section on Standardization of Meat 9th session, 27-29 March 2000, Geneva
REPORT OF THE NINTH SESSION ADDENDUM 3
Bovine Specific Cut Descriptions
Note by the Secretariat: This addendum contains the text of the bovine specific cut descriptions. (...) The UN/ECE Specialised Section on Standardisation of Meat would like to acknowledge the contributions of the following delegations during the development of this publication:
Argentina Italy Australia Lithuania Austria Netherlands Brazil New Zealand Canada Poland EAN International Russian Federation Finland Slovakia France Spain Germany Switzerland Greece United Kingdom Hungary United States of America
TRADE/WP.7/GE.11/2000/7/Add.3 page 3
CONTENTS
Bovine Carcase & Cuts
Bovine Side Skeletal Diagram
Standard Bovine Primal Cuts Flow Chart
Bovine Meat Cuts
Standard Bovine Primal Cuts Muscle Reference
LaterialLateral/Medial View Carcase Structure
Alphabetical List of Muscle Names
Hindquarter Primals Inside / Silverside Rump / Thick Flank / Thin Flank Striploin / Tenderloin
Forequarter Primals Blade / Chuck Tender Short Ribs / Rib Set Chuck / Brisket Shin-Shank (Forequarter) / Shin-Shank (Hindquarter)
Meat Quality Standards
Meat Colour Reference Standards
Fat Colour Reference Standards
Marbling Reference Standards
Accredited Certifying Authorities
TRADE/WP.7/GE.11/2000/7/Add.3 page 4
SIDE 1000 The carcase is split into Sides down the length dividing the spinal column.
(...) HEEL MUSCLE 2364 Heel Muscle is prepared from a Silverside (item 2020) by separation from the M. gloteo biceps.
Language:English
Score: 1445126.7
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https://unece.org/fileadmin/DA...gs/ge.11/document/20000703.pdf
Data Source: un
Play builds the finer and larger muscles Sister Cecilia observes that play, especially if done outdoors is important to the child because it develops their finer and larger muscles. (...) Sister Cecilia adds that while the finer muscles are exercised, children are indirectly developing their writing and pre-writing skills.
(...) “Through talking and interaction with others, the language develops.” Says Sister Cecilia. She adds that playing with puppets through conversation not only helps to develop the child’s language skills, but it also helps develop their minds.
Language:English
Score: 1371339.1
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https://www.unicef.org/uganda/...-others-nurture-childrens-play
Data Source: un
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• provide the environment for harmonization and coordination of the development of a set of open global standards for e-health applications.
(...) F.SLD: Discussion on Stapedius Muscle
Reflex (SMR) • Human has mechanism called “Stapedius Muscle Reflex”,
expected to contract when a sound excessive of 85 dB
SPL enters the ears.
• This can be taken as “evidence” that the SPL exceeding this level is “too loud”
• as the latency of the acoustic reflex is 40 ms – 160ms, the cochlea may be unprotected from short-duration,
unanticipated impulsive sounds.
Middle Ear and Ossicles
https://figures.boundless.com/21315/large/sd
329-1-001i.jpe
Inner Ear and Cochlea
Cochlea and Organ of Corti
Organ of Corti and Hair Cells
Hair Cells to Brain
Stapedius Muscle Reflex (SMR) • When sounds louder than approximately 85 dB SPL are presented
monaurally or binaurally, consensual (bilateral) reflex contraction of
the stapedius muscle occurs.
• As the latency of the acoustic reflex is about 40 to 160 ms, the cochlea may be unprotected from short-duration, unanticipated
impulsive sounds.
Language:English
Score: 1365186.8
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https://www.itu.int/net4/wsis/...asahitoKawamoriITUTSG16Q26.pdf
Data Source: un
It is recognized that other minor components, e.g., connective tissue, may be present in muscle tissue. Muscle tissue includes skeletal muscle tissue and all other edible muscle tissues. (...) For example, separate MRLs for cattle muscle, goat muscle, horse muscle, pig muscle, and sheep muscle are preferable to meat of cattle, horses, pigs and sheep.
19. (...) The definition for muscle is “muscle tissue only”. One may imply that muscle is a portion of meat in a food producing animal.
Language:English
Score: 1349766.3
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https://www.fao.org/fileadmin/...s_Pesticides/JMPR/JEC-JMPR.pdf
Data Source: un
It is
8
recognized that other minor components, e.g., connective tissue, may be present in muscle tissue. Muscle tissue includes skeletal muscle tissue and all other edible muscle tissues. (...) For example, separate MRLs for cattle muscle, goat muscle, horse muscle, pig muscle, and sheep muscle are preferable to meat of cattle, horses, pigs and sheep.
19. (...) The definition for muscle is “muscle tissue only”. One may imply that muscle is a portion of meat in a food producing animal.
Language:English
Score: 1349766.3
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https://www.fao.org/fileadmin/...es/agns/pdf/jecfa/JEC-JMPR.pdf
Data Source: un
The parasite is a nematode which has an atypical direct life cycle that does
not involve stages developing outside of the host. Muscle larvae are released from infected meat in the
stomach of suitable host species, develop to adult worms in the intestine, and produce pre-encapsulated
larvae which migrate preferentially to certain muscle sites in the host to complete the life cycle within
several weeks. Within the muscle cells the larvae of some Trichinella species are encapsulated in a thick
collagen layer. Within the host muscle larvae remain infective for up to several years.
Language:English
Score: 1319907.3
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https://www.fao.org/fileadmin/...RiskProfTrichinellaOct2013.pdf
Data Source: un
Key activities have included:
1. DATABank.
The development of the DATAbank software is a major undertaking with development continuing under contract with EC&V who are highly experienced in technical system programming and Cloud based systems. (...) Selection at any level accesses lists of component UNECE Items (cuts), muscles within Item and positions within muscles.
(...) COMMERCIAL GRADING
The Foundation is developing a structure to enable commercial cuts based eating quality grading.
Language:English
Score: 1311328.2
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https://unece.org/sites/defaul..._2021_Inf2_EatingQuality_1.pdf
Data Source: un
Remember - Just taking a short break from sitting, by doing 3-4 minutes of light intensity physical movement, such as walking or stretching, will help ease your muscles and improve blood circulation and muscle activity.
(...) It also improves bone and muscle strength and increases balance, flexibility and fitness. (...) Children under 5 years of age
• All young children should spend at least 180 minutes a day in a variety of types of physical activities at any intensity
• 3-4 year old children should spend at least 60 minutes of this time in moderate- to vigorous-intensity physical activity
Children and adolescents aged 5-17 years
• All children and adolescents should do at least 60 minutes a day of moderate to vigorous-intensity physical activity
• This should include activities that strengthen muscle and bone, at least 3 days per week
• Doing more than 60 minutes of physical activity daily will provide additional health benefits
Adults aged over 18 years
• All adults should do at least 150 minutes of moderate-intensity physical activity throughout the week, or at least 75 minutes of vigorous-intensity physical activity throughout the week.
• For additional health benefits, adults should increase their moderate-intensity physical activity to 300 minutes per week, or equivalent.
• For developing and maintaining musculoskeletal health, muscle-strengthening activities involving major muscle groups should be done on 2 or more days a week
• In addition, older adults with poor mobility should do physical activity to enhance balance and prevent falls on 3 or more days per week.
Language:English
Score: 1296268.7
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https://www.who.int/news-room/...lthyathome---physical-activity
Data Source: un
Even a short break from sitting, by doing 3-5 minutes of physical movement, such as walking or stretching, will help ease muscle strain, relieve mental tension and improve blood circulation and muscle activity. (...) For children, regular physical activity helps support healthy growth and development and reduce the risk of disease in later life, and through regular activity, children can develop fundamental movement skills and build social relationships.
(...) For Children under 5 years of age
Active play in and around the home – invent games which involve being active and can develop skills in throwing, catching, kicking, as well as developing posture and balance.
Language:English
Score: 1295042.4
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https://www.who.int/news-room/...isease-covid-19-staying-active
Data Source: un
CCRVDF requested that FAO and WHO address the
following:
• review of the current “model diet” (also called the “market basket” or “food basket” approach) applied by JECFA;
• possible simplification of the current model diet; • possible development of several model diets to reflect regional differences in
consumption patterns; and
• development of approaches for acute and subchronic1 dietary exposure assessment.
(...) The resultant estimated dietary exposure can then be
compared with the relevant health-based guidance value in the fourth step of risk assessment,
the risk characterization step.
2.1 Development of the current model diet
JECFA developed a model diet (or standard food basket) for use in dietary exposure assess-
ments for veterinary drug residues. (...) These principles were considered when developing proposed methods for the
assessment of acute and chronic exposures to veterinary drug residues in food.
Language:English
Score: 1292951.3
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https://www.fao.org/fileadmin/...sidues_of_Veterinary_Drugs.pdf
Data Source: un