IMPLEMENTATION OF THE RECOMMENDATIONS ADOPTED BY THE 16TH MEETING OF HEADS OF NATIONAL DRUG LAW ENFORCEMENT AGENCIES, AFRICA
Issue 2: Illicit cultivation of cannabis plant in Africa, trafficking in cannabis and
its impact
Recommendation (5)
26. The Sixteenth Meeting of HONLEA Africa recommended that Governments
should be encouraged to formally assess the domestic threat of cannabis in order to
support the development of effective national strategies to combat cannabis
cultivation, trafficking and abuse.
27. (...) It was recommended that Governments should be encouraged to develop
cannabis eradication programmes to effectively discourage its ongoing cultivation
and offer viable economic alternatives to rural communities whose incomes are
derived from illicit cannabis production.
36.
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REPORT OF THE TWENTY-FOURTH MEETING OF HEADS OF NATIONAL DRUG LAW ENFORCEMENT AGENCIES, AFRICA, HELD IN ADDIS ABABA FROM 15 TO 19 SEPTEMBER 2014
Addressing challenges posed by the cultivation and abuse of cannabis
3. The following recommendations were made with regard to challenges posed
by the cultivation and abuse of cannabis:
(a) In combating cannabis trafficking, Governments should encourage their
law enforcement officials, prosecutors and judiciaries to work closely with their
V.14-06487 5
UNODC/HONLAF/24/5
neighbours and with countries throughout the region to share information,
conducting joint operations and improving communication channels;
(b) Governments are encouraged to review their legislation with a view to
harmonizing offences and sanctions related to cannabis trafficking;
(c) Governments are encouraged to promote sustainable alternative
development initiatives as an effective means of addressing the dependence of rural
communities on the illicit cultivation of cannabis for their livelihoods.
3. (...) The Meeting
further addressed the following areas: effective responses to meet the challenges of
illicit cultivation of, and trafficking in, cannabis; good practices and strategies in the
treatment and rehabilitation of drug abusers; and awareness-raising, training and
building and enhancing the region’s law enforcement capacity to successfully
counter drug trafficking.
20. (...) The working group drew the following conclusions:
(a) The region’s authorities should work together and take a joint approach
to effectively tackle cannabis cultivation, trafficking and abuse;
(b) Differences in legislation and penalties between countries, including
neighbours, can be exploited by cannabis traffickers, which compromises the
effectiveness of the authorities’ response;
(c) The efforts of law enforcement agencies must be complemented by the
establishment of treatment and rehabilitation centres for cannabis addicts and those
suffering from addiction to other substances;
(d) Cannabis eradication programmes must be combined with sustainable
alternative development initiatives, and community education should be encouraged
in areas where cannabis cultivation is a primary contributor to community
livelihoods.
10 V.14-06487
UNODC/HONLAF/24/5
3.

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REPORT OF THE SEVENTEENTH MEETING OF HEADS OF NATIONAL DRUG LAW ENFORCEMENT AGENCIES, LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN, HELD IN QUITO FROM 15 TO 19 OCTOBER 2007
With regard to issue 1, “Cannabis plant cultivation and trafficking in cannabis
in Latin America and the Caribbean”, the following recommendations were made:
(a) Governments should be encouraged to assess the threat posed by
cannabis in order to support the development of effective national strategies to
counter the abuse of and trafficking in cannabis and the illicit cultivation of
cannabis plants;
(b) Governments should be encouraged to develop national strategies to
counter the illicit cultivation of cannabis plants, including eradication programmes
that effectively discourage the illicit cultivation of such plants and offer viable
alternatives, where appropriate, to rural communities that are dependent on income
obtained from such cultivation;
(c) Governments should remain determined and proactive in the
development and promotion of drug abuse prevention and awareness-raising
campaigns that inform the public about the true dangers to public health and
security associated with the cultivation of cannabis plants and with cannabis abuse
and trafficking.
(...) Participation in such initiatives
was regarded as an effective way of tightening controls and promoting effective
cooperation.
33. (...) Illicit cultivation of cannabis plant and trafficking in cannabis in
Latin America and the Caribbean
35.

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RECONVENED 63RD CND : PROVISIONAL AGENDA : ADDENDUM
At its sixty-second session, the Commission had before it a note by the Secretariat on
changes in the scope of control of substances: proposed scheduling recommendations
by the World Health Organization on cannabis and cannabis-related substances
(E/CN.7/2019/12).
During its sixty-second session, on 19 March 2019, the Commission decided to
postpone the voting on the recommendations of the WHO on the scope of control of
cannabis and cannabis-related substances in order to provide States with more time to
consider the recommendations (decision 62/14).
(...) At its sixty-third session, the Commission decided on 4 March 2020 to continue
during its sixty-third session the consideration of the WHO recommendations on
cannabis and cannabis-related substances and to vote at its reconvened sixty-third
session, in December 2020 (decision 63/14).
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IMPLEMENTATION OF THE RECOMMENDATIONS ADOPTED BY THE SUBCOMMISSION AT ITS 42ND SESSION
Qatar reported that it had taken no action in
this regard, since cannabis was not cultivated in that country.
Syria reported that no cultivation of cannabis plants or other narcotic plants took
place on its territory. (...) In Turkey, the illicit cultivation of cannabis was
strictly prohibited, law enforcement bodies took immediate action to address this
issue and illicit cannabis fields were destroyed by enforcement officers. (...) Egypt contributed effectively to efforts aiming to enhance international cooperation,
especially in the fields of information exchange to combat the smuggling of
cannabis and to conduct controlled delivery operations, subsequent to the
application of legal procedures to curb smuggling operations.
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Score: 1152820.2
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SUMMARY RECORD OF THE 802ND MEETING 4TH SPECIAL SESSION COMMISSION ON NARCOTIC DRUGS
More than 76C kg of cannabis derivatives, i:ocluding more than 140 kg of
liquid cannabis., had been seized in .L taJy in 1975.
47. (...) There \·las no longer any doubt about the harmful effects of
cannabis and the Moroccan Government, mindful of the seriousness of the problem,
was making great efforts to tackle it, specially since the northern region of the
country seemed to be suited to cannabis cultivation. (...) The principal drugs
involved were stil ~'- CJpium, cannabis and cannabis resin. The quantity of opium
seized had.been 5,917 , compared with 9,225 kg in 1974.
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Given the potential for dependence or abuse and known adverse effects, these compounds pose a risk to public health and society and are largely without any therapeutic benefit.
(...) The 42 nd ECDD recommendations included the addition of four synthetic cannabinoids and three synthetic stimulants to Schedule II of the 1971 Convention on Psychotropic Substances given similar action and adverse effects to other substances in this Schedule. These synthetic cannabinoids have been associated with impaired mental status, impaired driving, and fatalities, whereas the included synthetic stimulants have been linked to fatal intoxication. Similarly, two fentanyl analogues, with their opioid-like effects, were brought under Schedule I control (strict control) of the 1961 Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs given similar action and effects to other drugs in this Schedule.
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LAWS AND REGULATIONS PROMULGATED TO GIVE EFFECT TO THE PROVISIONS OF THE INTERNATIONAL TREATIES ON NARCOTIC DRUGS AND PSYCHOTROPIC SUBSTANCES : NETHERLANDS / COMMUNICATED BY THE GOVERNMENT OF NETHERLANDS
Unless withdrawn earlier, the
ministerial regulation shall remain in effect until the order in council designating the drug concerned
takes effect, but no later than up to a year after the regulation becomes effective.
(...) To apply for an Opium Act exemption regarding cannabis, cannabis resin or the preparations thereof, a fully
completed application form with the requested annexes needs to be sent in. (...) If necessary, other natural or
legal persons involved in the application or in growing the cannabis will be screened as well. This will
enable the Office of Medicinal Cannabis to make the risk of cannabis and other Opium Act drugs
disappearing to illegal markets as small as possible.
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Score: 1151659.7
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DRAFT REPORT : AGENDA ITEM 9 - IMPLEMENTATION OF THE INTERNATIONAL DRUG CONTROL TREATIES
(l) Action on the draft decision submitted by the Chair on changes in the scope of
control of substances: proposed scheduling recommendations by the World
Health Organization on cannabis and cannabis-related substances
22. The Chair introduced a draft decision entitled “Changes in the scope of control
of substances: proposed scheduling recommendations by WHO on cannabis and
cannabis-related substances” (E/CN.7/2019/L.10), by which the Commission would
decide to postpone the voting on the recommendations of WHO regarding the critical
review of cannabis and cannabis-related substances, in order to provide States with
more time to consider the recommendations.
23. (...) Some speakers expressed concern about the public
health risks posed by cannabis and cannabis-related substances.
26. One speaker regretted the decision taken by the Commission to postpone the
voting on the recommendations of WHO. He welcomed the recommendation by WHO
to remove cannabis herb and resin from Schedule IV of the 1961 Convention and
urged the international community to come to an agreement on the control of cannabis
as soon as possible, in order to facilitate medical research and the medical use of
cannabis and cannabis-related substances.
27.

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NGO WRITTEN SUBMISSION : FIELDS OF GREEN FOR ALL NPC
Your Excellency, Secretary-General António Guterres,
We write to express our concerns with the ongoing development by the INCB of
Guidelines related to medical cannabis.
Between 2016 and 2020, a complex multi-stakeholder process unfolded: it resulted in
an agreement by Member States to amend the scheduling of “cannabis” and “cannabis
resin” within the Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs, 1961, exactly one year ago
today. (...) INCB (2019, pp. 2,109) encourages governments to limit access only
to single-compound medicines, and stated that “Attempts to market and promote the medical use
of cannabis products as “herbal medicines” are inconsistent with the classification of cannabis”
(p.3). This is contrary to the treaties (which recognize herbal cannabis medicines, including in
indigenous medicine systems, see UN, 1973, p. 111) and opposing WHO (1994; 1996, pp. 178–
184; 2013)’s general guidelines, the Declaration of Alma-Ata (WHO, 1996, p. 179), as well as its
cannabis-specific evidence-based assessment (WHO, 2019, pp. 34–41) recognizing the
legitimacy of herbal cannabis and resin.

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