INTRODUCTION
1.1 Part 2;4.4.1 of the Technical Instructions is broken down into two paragraphs, 4.4.4.1 and 4.4.4.2, as shown below:
“4.4 SUBSTANCES WHICH, IN CONTACT WITH WATER, EMIT FLAMMABLE GASES (DIVISION 4.3)
4.4.1 Definitions and properties
4.4.1.1 Division 4.3 — Substances which, in contact with water, emit flammable gases.
4.4.1.2 Certain substances in contact with water emit flammable gases which can form explosive mixtures with air. (...) International Civil Aviation Organization
WORKING PAPER
DGP-WG/16-WP/42 5/10/16
DGP-WG/16-WP/42
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1.2 It is noted that paragraph 4.4.1.1 is the same text as its heading in 4.4 and adds no information to what is shown in the heading.
1.3 The UN Model Regulations, in 2.4.4, does not have a paragraph equivalent to that in 2;4.4.1.1 of the Technical Instructions but only the one presented in 2;4.4.1.2 (paragraph 2.4.4.1 of the UN document), as shown below.
“2.4.4 Division 4.3 — Substances which in contact with water emit flammable gases
2.4.4.1 Definitions and properties
Certain substances in contact with water may emit flammable gases that can form explosive mixtures with air. (...) Chapter 4
CLASS 4 — FLAMMABLE SOLIDS; SUBSTANCES LIABLE TO SPONTANEOUS
COMBUSTION; SUBSTANCES WHICH, IN CONTACT WITH WATER, EMIT FLAMMABLE GASES
. . .
4.4 SUBSTANCES WHICH, IN CONTACT WITH WATER, EMIT
FLAMMABLE GASES (DIVISION 4.3)
4.4.1 Definitions and properties
4.4.1.1 Division 4.3 — Substances which, in contact with water, emit flammable gases.
4.4.1.2 Certain substances in contact with water emit flammable gases which can form explosive mixtures with air.
Language:English
Score: 1079802.2
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https://www.icao.int/safety/Da.../WG16/DGPWG.16.WP.042.2.en.pdf
Data Source: un
Transmissions on 1030/1090MHz 3
Monitor Transponder Replies
• Monitor the 1030MHz and 1090MHz frequency bands to ensure aircraft are not over- interrogated
• Mode A/C section 3.1.1.7.9.1 of ICAO Annex 10 Volume IV • Minimum reply rate capability: 500 Mode A/C replies per second
• Mode S section 3.1.2.10.3.7.3 of ICAO Annex 10 Volume IV, the minimum reply rate capability of Mode S transponder is provided: • 50 Mode S replies per second and 18 Mode S replies per 100msec
• All-Call replies, Short Mode S replies to selective interrogations, TCAS replies • Acquisition squitters are not counted (DF 11 on II=0)
• 16 long Mode S replies per second and 6 Mode S long replies per 100msec • Long Mode S replies (BDS extraction) to selective interrogations, TCAS replies • ADS-B Extended squitters are not counted (DF 17)
Mode S Surveillance Principle 4
ICAO Mode S minimum reply rate capability
Transmissions on 1030/1090MHz 5
Reply rate in Mode S – ICAO Annex 10 Volume IV
EMIT – European Monitoring of Interrogators and Transponders
• EMIT deployed in July 2020 • 48 receivers installed and connected by September 2021 • Sites (pre)selected for almost all of the 90 receivers
• 5 will be kept for flights/ad-hoc recordings/as spare
Mode S Surveillance Principle 6
Central Data Processing
User
Reception Collection Processing Storage / Provision
EMIT – Aircraft Mode S replies (No TCAS)
Mode S Surveillance Principle 7
EMIT – All-Call replies on II 02
Mode S Surveillance Principle 8
1030/1090 MHz Monitoring
Usage of 1030/1090MHz
1030/1090 MHz Monitoring
Monitor Transponder Replies
ICAO Mode S minimum reply rate capability
EMIT – European Monitoring of Interrogators and Transponders
EMIT – Aircraft Mode S replies (No TCAS)
EMIT – All-Call replies on II 02
Language:English
Score: 1066278.6
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https://www.icao.int/MID/Docum..._-_1030-1090MHz_Monitoring.pdf
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D – is destined to the concerned person for cambial liquidation, whenever it is necessary;
E – is destined to the emitting entity.
Article 2
In case of partial utilizations, model C will be returned to the emitting entity only at the time of the last utilization.
Article 3
Except duly founded refusal of emission, TCE will be emitted by the entities mentioned in point 1 of article 1, right after the presentation of the request.
(...) False declarations in the filling up of this form or on the annexed sheets or the non-
accomplishment of the obligations assumed by the declarer constitute crime of false declarations or transgression provided for and punishable according to the legislation in force.
7
GENERAL ADMINISTRATION OF COMMERCE
1 2
3 RECTIFICATION TO THE TCE
N ._______________________________
PETITIONER
Name and address
30 days
Other (specify) ___________________________________
__________________________________________________
Where you read _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
I declare that I assume any responsibility for the d l i d
RESERVED TO THE EMITTING CENTER
Data ________/________/_________ Recebido _____/_______/_______
TCE- RECTIFYING TITLE
RESERVED FOR THE EMITTING CENTER
Number
Validity period _______/______/_____
Emitting Center of _____________________________ Signature and stamp or white seal
A
Date of emission _______/______/_____
DESIGNATION OF OPERATION
Emitted in ______/________/___________
Previous Reg- gistration
Previous Authorization
45 days
Prorogation
60 days
90 days
For payment
Substitution
You must read _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Observations (motive of the request for rectification) _____________________________________________________
For clearance
4 NATURE OF THE RECTIFICATION
Activity branch:
License n.
Language:English
Score: 1047274.5
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https://www.wto.org/english/th.../cpv_e/WTACCCPV15A1_LEG_10.pdf
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.
• They are important tools for the improvement of safety in civil aviation
• Therefore, it is fundamental to ensure that they are taken into account and that measures are effectively implemented
Preamble
23/08/2018 3
• To achieve that, the State (AIA in most of the cases) should establish a system for the follow up of recommendations, their answers, and the implementation of subsequent safety measures
Objectives
23/08/2018 4
• The system should ensure : – The transmission of the recommendations to the
appropriate entity to address its content – Reception by the concerned entity – Definition of measures and timelines for the
implementation – Answer to the issuying authority in due time (usually
90 days) – Implementation within the agreed timelines of the
measures; – As applicable, information of the emitting State
Practicaly
23/08/2018 5
• The AIA system should : – Identify an AIA responsible person/service; – Ensure that each recommendations and follow
up activities, and answers are recorded – Ensure that an accountable recipient and a
deadline is associated to each recommendation; – establish an assessment and approval
mechanism of the answers
AIA responsible person/service
23/08/2018 6
• Can be a specific person/entity following all recommendations
• Or, this task can be assigned to the IIC or the Accredited Representative
Accountable recipient
23/08/2018 7
• Will be your contact point to ensure : – that the recommendation will be understood, – effectively taken into account, and – that answer will be sent within the established
time frame – That defined measures are effectively
implemented within the accepted timeframe
Deadlines
23/08/2018 8
• The transmission letter of a recommendation should specify a deadline for the answer from the recipient on the measures taken or forecast;
• Each forecast safety improvement measure should be associated with an intended timeframe for the implementation
• AIA should follow and ensure the implementation of theses deadlines
Assessment of answers
23/08/2018 9
• The process should be formalized • Arguments, decisions, and results should
be recorded • Information on the results should be
communicated to the accountable recipient, but also to the concerned authority (Often the CAA)
Records
23/08/2018 10
• All the elements of the process should be recorded (in the investigation file, but also in a specific folder for the AIA recommendations)
• The status of the recommendation (Open, Draft, …, Closed Satisfactorily) should be explicitly indicated to allow a regular review of the recommendations which are not « satisfactorily closed »
Recommendations emitted by another State
23/08/2018 11
• The general process applies • A strict follow-up of the processing of the
recommendation is necessary to fulfil the 90 days deadline to answer the emitting State
• Final approval of the safety improvement measures and intended implementing dates, will be performed by the State having emitted the recommendation
QUESTIONS ?
23/08/2018 12
Thank You
Slide Number 1
Preamble
Preamble
Objectives
Practicaly
Slide Number 6
Accountable recipient
Deadlines
Assessment of answers
Records
Recommendations emitted by another State
Slide Number 12
Slide Number 13
Language:English
Score: 1042770.7
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https://www.icao.int/WACAF/Doc...ons%20follow%20up%20system.pdf
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Why, after 20 years of EMIT’s inactivity, did EFTA make the request? EFTA referred to the upcoming 1992 United Nations Conference on Environment and Development (UNCED), and said GATT should contribute. (...) As a result of these developments, the EMIT group’s proposal met with a positive response. (...) back to top
Rio in 1992 and after
The activation of the EMIT group was followed by further developments in environmental forums.
Language:English
Score: 1036019.9
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https://www.wto.org/english/tratop_e/envir_e/hist1_e.htm
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An optional parameter is used to associate the threshold level to the severity parameter of the emitted notification. The generation of the notification can be switched off using the boolean parameter notifyOnOff. (...) The severity indicating gauge-threshold shall only emit a clear event notification if the corresponding threshold level (either notify-high or notify-low) notification has been emitted and no other clear notification for this threshold level pair has been emitted since the previous corresponding threshold level notification has been emitted. */ struct SeverityIndicatingGaugeThresholdType { SeverityIndicatingThresholdType notifyLow; SeverityIndicatingThresholdType notifyHigh; }; /** The order is insignificant. */ typedef sequence SeverityIndicatingGaugeThresholdSetType; struct TimeIntervalType { unsigned short day; unsigned short hour; unsigned short minute; unsigned short second; unsigned short ms; }; /** The following definitions are translated from X.739 ASN.1 definitions. */ enum TimePeriodChoice { timePeriodChoiceDays, timePeriodChoiceHours, timePeriodChoiceMinutes, timePeriodChoiceSeconds, timePeriodChoiceMilliSeconds, timePeriodChoiceMicroSeconds, timePeriodChoiceNanoSeconds, timePeriodChoicePicoSeconds }; union TimePeriodType switch (TimePeriodChoice) { case timePeriodChoiceDays: long day; case timePeriodChoiceHours: long hour; case timePeriodChoiceMinutes: long minute; case timePeriodChoiceSeconds: long second; case timePeriodChoiceMilliSeconds: long ms; case timePeriodChoiceMicroSeconds: long us; case timePeriodChoiceNanoSeconds: long ns; case timePeriodChoicePicoSeconds: long ps; }; }; // module itut_x780ct #endif // _itut_x780ct_idl_
Language:English
Score: 1017847.2
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https://www.itu.int/wftp3/Publ...780/2001-amd1/itut_x780ct.html
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An optional parameter is used to associate the threshold level to the severity parameter of the emitted notification. The generation of the notification can be switched off using the boolean parameter notifyOnOff. (...) The severity indicating gauge-threshold shall only emit a clear event notification if the corresponding threshold level (either notify-high or notify-low) notification has been emitted and no other clear notification for this threshold level pair has been emitted since the previous corresponding threshold level notification has been emitted. */ struct SeverityIndicatingGaugeThresholdType { SeverityIndicatingThresholdType notifyLow; SeverityIndicatingThresholdType notifyHigh; }; /** The order is insignificant. */ typedef sequence SeverityIndicatingGaugeThresholdSetType; struct TimeIntervalType { unsigned short day; unsigned short hour; unsigned short minute; unsigned short second; unsigned short ms; }; /** The following definitions are translated from X.739 ASN.1 definitions. */ enum TimePeriodChoice { timePeriodChoiceDays, timePeriodChoiceHours, timePeriodChoiceMinutes, timePeriodChoiceSeconds, timePeriodChoiceMilliSeconds, timePeriodChoiceMicroSeconds, timePeriodChoiceNanoSeconds, timePeriodChoicePicoSeconds }; union TimePeriodType switch (TimePeriodChoice) { case timePeriodChoiceDays: long day; case timePeriodChoiceHours: long hour; case timePeriodChoiceMinutes: long minute; case timePeriodChoiceSeconds: long second; case timePeriodChoiceMilliSeconds: long ms; case timePeriodChoiceMicroSeconds: long us; case timePeriodChoiceNanoSeconds: long ns; case timePeriodChoicePicoSeconds: long ps; }; }; // module itut_x780ct #endif // _itut_x780ct_idl_
Language:English
Score: 1017847.2
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https://www.itu.int/wftp3/Publ...t/x/x780/2001/itut_x780ct.html
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Updated 2020 emissions estimate:
CAEP10 (2016)
CAEP/11 (2019)
Reported to C222 Reported to C223
Emissions estimate 680 MtCO2 570 MtCO2 320 MtCO2 280 MtCO2
Change from 2019 to 2020
+ 4.5% + 2.6% - 47% - 54%
2. CO2 EMISSIONS NOT EMITTED DUE TO THE REDUCTION IN AVIATION ACTIVITY
Council request: Quantify the volume of CO2 emissions from international aviation that will not have been emitted due to the reduction in aviation activity compared to forecast activity each year until such time as international aviation fuel burn and emissions equals or exceeds 2019 levels.
Response: The estimated CO2 emissions not emitted compared to 2019 level is 540 to 1200 MtCO2. (...) Reported to C222 Reported to C223
CO2 emissions not emitted 530 – 1100 MtCO2 540 – 1200 MtCO2
Key takeaways: Emissions not emitted could represent a significant portion of the 2016 estimated offsetting requirements.
Language:English
Score: 989467.8
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https://www.icao.int/environme...alyses_Executive%20Summary.pdf
Data Source: un
An object deletion notification is emitted when an instance of this class is deleted. (...) An objectCreation notification is emitted when an instance of this class is created. An objectDeletion notification is emitted when an instance of this class is deleted.
Language:English
Score: 984828
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https://www.itu.int/wftp3/Publ.../fl/itu-t/x/x749/1997/x749.gdm
Data Source: un
Portugal emite moeda comemorativa do 75º aniversário da ONU
voltar para o conteúdo principal
International Labour Organization
A OIT é uma agência especializada das Nações Unidas
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Centro de Documentação e Informação
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Imprensa
Portugal emite moeda comemorativa do 75º aniversário da ONU ...
Portugal emite moeda comemorativa do 75º aniversário da ONU
Notícias | 20 de Outubro de 2020
Fotografia de duas mãos, uma aberta para receber uma moeda e outra a fazer a entrega.
Language:English
Score: 984113.3
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https://www.ilo.org/lisbon/sal...WCMS_758546/lang--pt/index.htm
Data Source: un