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FCCC/SBI/2015/7 30 GE.15-08245 Annex II [English only] Rolling work programme of the Least Developed Countries Expert Group for 2015 Main activities Output/activity type/timing Objective 1: provide technical guidance and support to the process to formulate and implement national adaptation plans (NAPs) in the least developed countries (LDCs)a Expected result: the LDCs are effectively supported in the launching of, and in making progress under, their process to formulate and implement NAPs Develop and disseminate a publication presenting an overview of the process to formulate and implement NAPS and an overview of the guidelines for NAPs, including a glossary of commonly used terms and answers to frequently asked questions on NAPs, in English, French and Portuguese Publication, by June 2015 Develop materials for use by countries at the national level on awareness and training activities in the process to formulate and implement NAPs NAP sourcebook by the twenty-first session of the Conference of the Parties (COP), December 2015 Organize NAP Expo every year NAP Expo, yearly Formalizing the planning committee of the NAP Expo Collaboration, ongoing Organize in collaboration with the Adaptation Committee a workshop on experiences, good practices, lessons learned, gaps and needs on the process to formulate and implement NAPs Event, 16–17 April 2015 Report on the workshop on experiences, good practices, lessons learned, gaps and needs on the process to formulate and implement NAPs Information paper (document of the Subsidiary Body for Implementation (SBI)) by June 2015 Respond to individual requests from Parties for support on the process to formulate and implement NAPs, including through the provision of comments and feedback on draft NAPs, and the sharing of experiences and lessons learned Technical support, upon request Continue to compile and analyse support needs for the process to formulate and implement NAPs, on an ongoing basis, including via questionnaires to Parties during the sessions of the subsidiary bodies and other relevant events Information presented in Least Developed Countries Expert Group (LEG) reports to the SBI, ongoing Compile information on bilateral and multilateral sources of funding to support the implementation of national adaptation programmes of action (NAPAs) and the process to formulate and implement NAPs Information to be posted on NAP Central, ongoing Expected result: collaboration with other organizations leads to coordinated and effective support to the LDCs on NAPs Collaborate with a wide range of organizations through various modalities, such as technical meetings and sharing of relevant information and materials on the process to formulate and implement NAPs Collaboration, ongoing Prepare and disseminate an information paper on how the NAP process can be supported in the LDCs Information paper, by COP 21 Conduct regional training workshops on NAPs for the LDCs Training workshops, 2014–2015 FCCC/SBI/2015/7 GE.15-08245 31 Main activities Output/activity type/timing Objective 2: provide support to the LDCs on the preparation, revision/update and implementation of NAPAsb Expected result: the LDCs are effectively supported in the implementation of NAPAs Continue to invite the Global Environment Facility (GEF) and its agencies, relevant organizations and experts to the LEG meetings and events to explore the issues faced by some LDCs in implementing NAPAs, and to provide information to the SBI on ways and means to address these issues with a view to enhancing the implementation of NAPAs Information presented in LEG reports to the SBI Conduct surveys/case studies to collect information on remaining needs of the LDCs for the full implementation of NAPAs Information presented in LEG report to the SBI, by SBI 43 Expected result: the LDCs are assisted in the preparation, revision and update of their NAPAs Respond to individual requests for support in the preparation, revision and update of NAPAs, including through the provision of comments and feedback on draft NAPAs and draft revised and updated NAPAs, and the sharing of experiences and lessons learned Technical support Objective 3: support knowledge management and outreach in supporting adaptation planning, prioritization and implementation in the LDCsc Expected result: the LDCs are effectively supported through enhanced access to the best available information useful for their adaptation efforts Continue to further develop NAP Central to serve as a universally accessible web-based central repository and hub for information pertinent to the process to formulate and implement NAPS Develop a pamphlet on accessing NAP Central (NAP Central pamphlet) Develop a manual on NAP Central Further operationalization in 2015, increased use of the online platform Pamphlet, by June 2015 Publication, by COP 21 Prepare and disseminate the third volume of the publication on best practices and lessons learned in addressing adaptation in the LDCs, in English, French and Portuguese Publication, by June 2015 Communicate complementary key information to the LDCs, through regular notes, in response to key concerns (such as on accessing funding under the Least Developed Countries Fund), in cooperation with the GEF and its agencies Information notes to the LDCs, ongoing Develop case studies capturing good practices and lessons learned on issues related to adaptation planning in collaboration with the Nairobi work programme on impacts, vulnerability and adaptation to climate change Information to be used in various LEG and Nairobi work programme products Objective 4: provide guidance and advice on the integration of adaptation into development planning and on strengthening gender-related considerations and considerations regarding vulnerable communities in adaptation planning and implementation in the LDCsd Expected result: the LDCs are effectively assisted in their efforts to integrate gender-related considerations and considerations regarding vulnerable communities into adaptation FCCC/SBI/2015/7 32 GE.15-08245 Main activities Output/activity type/timing Complete and disseminate an information paper on strengthening gender considerations in adaptation planning and implementation in the LDCs Develop and disseminate an information paper on strengthening considerations regarding vulnerable communities in adaptation planning and implementation in the LDCs Publication, by June 2015 Publication, by COP 21 Objective 5: promote the quality and achievement of results through support for the monitoring and evaluation of progress, effectiveness and gaps in the context of NAPAs, NAPs and the LDC work programme in the LDCse Expected result: support for monitoring the impact and effectiveness of efforts to address vulnerability is provided Develop a technical paper describing the tool for monitoring and evaluating progress, effectiveness and gaps in the process to formulate and implement NAPs (PEG ME tool) Technical paper, by June 2015 Compile and analyse information to monitor progress and effectiveness, and identify gaps in the implementation of NAPAs, the LDC work programme and NAPs Compilation, monitoring and analysis, ongoing Objective 6: support the implementation of the LDC work programmef Expected result: implementation of the LDC work programme is effectively facilitated Develop and disseminate an information paper on examples of the application of adaptation technologies in adaptation planning and implementation, in collaboration with the Technology Executive Committee Information paper, by COP 21 Continue to collaborate with the GEF and its agencies and other organizations on ways to support the LDCs in implementing the LDC work programme, including through ways proposed in the report on the 21 st meeting of the LEGg Technical support, ongoing Collaborate with the United Nations Development Programme and the United Nations Environment Programme on the global support programme for LDC negotiators that they are managing, and provide inputs when required Collaboration, upon request Objective 7: promote synergy of adaptation-related efforts under the Conventionh Expected result: coherence in support to the LDCs is promoted under the Convention, regionally and with other multilateral environmental agreements (MEAs) Complete and disseminate a technical paper on regional synergy in addressing adaptation in the LDCs Technical paper, by June 2015 Complete and disseminate a technical paper on synergy among MEAs in addressing adaptation in the LDCs Technical paper, by COP 21 Prepare a report on reporting channels under the Convention, in collaboration with the Adaptation Committee, to serve as background information for discussions on reporting for the process to formulate and implement NAPs during the meeting on experiences, good practices and lessons learned, gaps and needs in the process to formulate and implement NAPs Information paper, by COP 21 FCCC/SBI/2015/7 GE.15-08245 33 Main activities Output/activity type/timing Continue to collaborate with the Adaptation Committee, including on revision of methodologies for capturing and sharing best practices and lessons learned, and further development of NAP Central, NAP Expo, training on NAPs and the Adaptation Committee task force on NAPs Collaboration, ongoing Continue collaboration with other bodies under the Convention, including the Technology Executive Committee, the Standing Committee on Finance and the Consultative Group of Experts on National Communications from Parties not included in Annex I to the Convention Collaboration, ongoing Objective 8: interact with the Green Climate Fund (GCF)to consider how best to support LDC Parties in accessing funding from the GCF for the process to formulate and implement NAPs Expected result: the LEG collaboration with the GCF contributed to increasing awareness of how the LDCs can access and use the GCF for the process to formulate and implement NAPs Collaborate with the GCF to provide relevant and timely information to the LDCs on the operation of the Fund, and invite a representative of the Fund to the LEG meetings Collaboration, ongoing Develop an information note orientating LDCs to the GCF website Information note, in the course of 2015 Objective 8: promoting and ensuring coherence of support being provided to the LDCs for the process to formulate and implement NAPs Expected result: the LEG engagement with the global support programmes contributes to effective support to the LDCs on the process to formulate and implement NAPs Collaborate with the global support programmes in their provision of support to the process to formulate and implement NAPs to ensure coherence with the NAP guidelines, including by serving on the boards of the global support programmes Collaboration, technical support, ongoing Expected result: the LEG contribution to the work of relevant organizations facilitates the provision of coherence in country-level support, including country-level training Provide information on the NAP guidelines and contribute, without any implied endorsement, to the work of the NAP technical working group and other organizations, as they develop individual or joint supplementary materials to the NAP guidelines Advice, ongoing a Decision 5/CP.17, paragraphs 13 and 14. (...) With regard to the process to formulate and implement national adaptation plans (NAPs): (a) How can countries be supported in the process to formulate their NAPs as part of the readiness programme?

GE.13-16073 (C) 160813 200813 人权理事会 第二十四届会议 议程项目 3 增进和保护所有人权――公民权利、政治权利、

The High Commissioner encourages the Ministry of the Interior to formulate rehabilitation and social reintegration programmes for prisoners. 82. (...) It is also urged to formulate a comprehensive law to counter ethnic, racial and gender-based discrimination. 92. (...) She also encourages the Government to formulate a national human rights education plan.

LIMITED A/CN.4/L.744/Corr.1 5 June 2009 CHINESE Original: ENGLISH 国际法委员会 第六十一届会议 2009 年 5 月 4 日至 6 月 5 日和 7 月 6 日至 8 月 7 日，日内瓦 对条约的保留 更 正 准则草案 2.9.4 的标题应读作： “Freedom to formulate approval, opposition or recharacterization” [仅改英文] 准则草案 2.9.7 的标题应读作： “Formulation and communication of approval, opposition or recharacterization” [仅改英文] 准则草案 2.9.5 的后半句应读作： “应最好以书面形式提出” [所有语文] -- -- -- -- --

FCCC/SBI/2020/6 22 GE.20-04277 Annex I Members of the Least Developed Countries Expert Group as at 6 February 2020 [English only] Erwin Künzi Austria Sonam Lhaden Khandu Bhutan Idrissa Semde Burkina Faso Nikki Lulham Canada Kenel Delusca Haiti Michelle Winthrop Ireland Choi Yeeting Kiribati Benon Yassin Malawi Ram Prasad Lamsal Nepal Hana Hamadalla Mohamed Sudan Adao Soares Barbosa Timor-Leste Mery Yaou Togo Fredrick Manyika United Republic of Tanzania F C C C /S B I/2 0 2 0 /6 G E .2 0 -0 4 2 7 7 2 3 Annex II Needs related to the process to formulate and implement national adaptation plans [English only] Area Related elements and steps of the process to formulate and implement NAPs;a COP and CMA decisions;b and Articles of the Paris Agreement Needsc Accessing financial and other support All elements Decision 12/CP.18, paragraphs 1–8; decision 18/CP.19, paragraphs 4–5; decision 1/CP.21, paragraph 46; decision 4/CP.21, paragraphs 6–10; decision 6/CP.22, paragraphs 6–10; and decision 11/CMA.1, paragraphs 21–28 Article 4, paragraph 5; and Article 7, paragraph 13 Adequate and effective access to financial support, including from the GCF, as well as other forms of support for the formulation and implementation of NAPs Capacity to write proposals for accessing funding under the different windows of the GCF Understanding of the latest requirements for GCF funding proposals Promotion of funding proposals from multiple stakeholders, including those at the subnational and local government level Capacity to ensure that proposals to the GCF for the formulation of NAPs are aligned with the technical guidelines for the formulation and implementation of NAPs, and address both the objectives and guiding principles of the process to formulate and implement NAPs Coordination among providers of support at all levels to ensure that their support is coherent and avoids overlaps at the national level and that such support is in line with national priorities and needs Systems for ensuring that countries’ support needs for a long-term process are met through limited, one-off funding designed for projects over a fixed time frame Institutional arrangements and coordination Element A Decision 12/CP.18, paragraph 7; and decision 11/CMA.1, paragraph 30 Article 7, paragraph 7 Establishment or enhancement of institutional arrangements for the process to formulate and implement NAPs in order to foster national leadership and coordination of adaptation efforts at all levels and create a primary interface with regional and international mechanisms Establishment or enhancement of legal frameworks for institutional arrangements and coordination Establishment or enhancement of systems at the national level to facilitate the flow of resources and information across different levels of government (climate-responsive budgeting) Ensuring the existence of stakeholders or focal points within different institutions with clearly defined roles and responsibilities Technical guidance and capacity-building for national working groups for the formulation and implementation of NAPs, and the preparation of proposals to access funding from the GCF 2 4 G E .2 0 -0 4 2 7 7 F C C C /S B I/2 0 2 0 /6 Area Related elements and steps of the process to formulate and implement NAPs;a COP and CMA decisions;b and Articles of the Paris Agreement Needsc Institutional arrangements and systems for monitoring and evaluation Climate scenarios, science and translation to local context Step B.1 Decision 5/CP.17 Article 7, paragraphs 7 and 9 Capacity for national, subnational and sectoral experts to work effectively with climate data and climate change scenarios that facilitate considering long-term climate impacts in decision-making Availability and accessibility of climate data and climate change scenarios to underpin effective adaptation assessment, planning and implementation, taking into account specific needs at the national, subnational and sectoral level Capacity-building for national, subnational and sectoral experts on the application of climate change scenarios in climate change adaptation decision-making Methods and tools for translating climate data and climate change scenarios to the local context Ways to effectively translate long-term vision and planning from the national to the subnational level in order to guide assessments Risk and vulnerability assessment and risk management Steps B.2 and B.3 Decision 5/CP.17; and decision 11/CMA.1, paragraph 5 Article 7, paragraphs 7 and 9 Capacity to frame, analyse and define baselines, and assess, manage and monitor climate change risk and vulnerability at relevant levels and scales Specific methodologies and guidelines that facilitate understanding of the baseline and the progression of vulnerability and risk, which is an important aspect of measuring and assessing progress in reducing vulnerability Comprehensive risk and vulnerability assessments covering all key sectors and systems at the national, subnational and sectoral level as well as vulnerability hotspots Institutionalization of risk and vulnerability assessment and risk management at all levels of governance and in key sectors Ways to build evidence for adaptation additionality arguments in funding proposals to the GCF Technical support to identify effective adaptation solutions and actions after the assessment of climate vulnerabilities and risk Ways to promote consistency, synergy and coherence among different risk and vulnerability assessment and risk management frameworks Ways to improve the quality of assessments over time, for example through peer-review processes Identification of areas where participatory approaches can significantly improve risk and vulnerability assessment F C C C /S B I/2 0 2 0 /6 G E .2 0 -0 4 2 7 7 2 5 Area Related elements and steps of the process to formulate and implement NAPs;a COP and CMA decisions;b and Articles of the Paris Agreement Needsc Implementation strategies Element C Technical capacity to develop proposals to access funding from the GCF and other sources Ways to link the implementation strategy for the NAP with the GCF country programme Technical capacity and tools for ranking and prioritizing adaptation options Access to and use of technology Element C Decision 5/CP.17, paragraph 20; and decision 11/CMA.1, paragraph 29 Article 10, paragraphs 1–6; and Article 11, paragraph 1 Application of the latest technologies in climate change adaptation planning and implementation (e.g. (...) A detailed table of the gaps related to the process to formulate and implement NAPs as well as of the activities of the LEG, the AC and relevant organizations related to addressing the gaps and needs is available and will be updated periodically at https://unfccc.int/node/210550. (...) b Decisions that contain mandates from the COP or the CMA related to supporting developing countries in the process to formulate and implement NAPs and that refer to any of the following bodies or entities: the AC; the LEG; Parties; United Nations organizations; specialized, bilateral and multilateral agencies; and other relevant organizations.

In addition, at subnational levels, the capacity of social actors is being strengthened in order to develop their ability to formulate public policy at the local level. The feasibility of this process depends firstly on the political will to transform such commitments into State policies, and secondly on the availability of resources, which will require sufficient funding from the national budget and contributions from international cooperation agencies and the donor community. (...) It has undertaken to promote cross-sectoral initiatives in order to ensure an integrated approach to environmental health issues and help formulate healthy public policies. With regard to the Callao lead issue, studies conducted among selected groups in Lima and Callao from July 1998 to date have brought to light a number of people with lead levels exceeding the WHO limits (10 µg/dl).

In addition, continued work with the Potsdam Institute on climate risk profiles, completed in Burkina Faso, Chad, Ethiopia, Madagascar, Mali, Mauritania, the Niger, Uganda and the United Republic of Tanzania and under way in Senegal and Zambia NAP Global Network Providing technical support to 14 LDCs (Benin, Burkina Faso, Central African Republic, Chad, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Ethiopia, Haiti, Liberia, Madagascar, Malawi, Sierra Leone, Solomon Islands, Somalia and Uganda) for the process to formulate and implement NAPs Developing a supplement to the NAP technical guidelines on linking peacebuilding and adaptation in the context of conflict Providing long-term technical support to three LDCs (Burkina Faso, Rwanda and Somalia) for advancing NAPs Organizing an international peer learning summit on gender-responsive NAPs and several regional peer learning events focused on monitoring, evaluation and learning in the formulation and implementation of NAPs Developing a guidance note on linking NAPs with peacebuilding Developing briefing notes on monitoring, evaluation and learning in the formulation and implementation of NAPs, including guidance on NAP progress reporting; understanding the role of vulnerability assessment in monitoring, evaluation and learning in relation to national adaptation; and understanding the learning component of monitoring, evaluation and learning Developing its third gender synthesis report, which will assess progress in integrating gender considerations into NAP processes Launching NAP Trends, a platform analysing the latest information on and trends in NAPs SLYCAN Trust Supporting the engagement of civil society groups in NAP preparation Developing NAP country profiles for identifying NAP entry points for civil society in Chad, Malawi, Mozambique, Myanmar, the Niger, Uganda and the United Republic of Tanzania FCCC/SBI/2022/6 GE.22-06351 31 Organization Activities Developing research and knowledge products with national partnerships in the Niger to analyse the consideration of human mobility in adaptation processes Developing research and knowledge products on youth engagement in NAPs with a country focus on the Niger interlinked with activities of the Global Youth Forum on Climate Change Publishing a policy brief on integrating climate and disaster risk finance options into NAPs UNCDF Supporting the expansion of NAP-aligned LoCAL mechanisms in 14 LDCs: Bangladesh, Benin, Bhutan, Cambodia, Gambia, Lao People’s Democratic Republic, Lesotho, Mali, Mozambique, Nepal, Niger, Tuvalu, Uganda and United Republic of Tanzania Supporting the design and deployment of NAP-aligned LoCAL mechanisms in nine LDCs: Burkina Faso, Guinea, Liberia, Malawi, Sao Tome and Principe, Senegal, Solomon Islands, Sudan and Vanuatu Supporting the development of GCF project concept notes and readiness proposals related to subnational adaptation in nine LDCs: Benin, Bhutan, Burkina Faso, Cambodia, Mali, Niger, Solomon Islands, Tuvalu and Uganda Supporting five LDCs in obtaining accreditation of national implementing entities to the AF (Cambodia) and the GCF (Benin, Bhutan, Niger and United Republic of Tanzania) UNDP (including through the NAP-GSP) Implementing 10 GCF NAP readiness projects in the LDCs (Bangladesh, Benin, Bhutan, Democratic Republic of Congo, Guinea, Haiti, Madagascar, Niger, Somalia and United Republic of Tanzania) Supporting 14 LDCs in completing their first NAP under the NAP-GSP GCF portfolio: supporting 10 LDCs (Bangladesh, Benin, Bhutan, Democratic Republic of Congo, Guinea, Haiti, Madagascar, Niger, Somalia, United Republic of Tanzania) with approved GCF NAP readiness projects and now under implementation; and four LDCs (Burundi, Djibouti, Guinea-Bissau and Senegal) in resubmitting or finalizing their GCF NAP readiness proposals Implementing 21 LDCF-approved projects (in Afghanistan, Angola, Benin, Bhutan, Burkina Faso, Central African Republic, Chad, Comoros, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Ethiopia, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Kiribati, Madagascar, Mali, Nepal, Niger, Rwanda, Senegal, Sierra Leone and Somalia) and supporting eight LDCs (Benin, Central African Republic, Comoros, Nepal, Niger, Somalia, Sudan and Yemen) in accessing funding from the LDCF Supporting 40 LDCs under the Climate Promise initiative, as a result of which 34 LDCs have submitted their second NDCs Implementing the second phase of Climate Promise (from pledge to impact) to advance NDC implementation. (...) Successfully supporting the LDCs in establishing an effective and iterative process to formulate and implement NAPs, taking duly into consideration the two objectives of the process to formulate and implement NAPs, the guiding principles in decision 5/CP.17 and the global goal on adaptation Engage organizations in supporting the LDCs in setting up effective national processes to support the iterative and ongoing formulation, implementation, review and update of NAPs, including through the Open NAP initiative and meetings of the NAP technical working group Well-established and functioning national processes in place in the LDCs Produce outreach materials on good practices for addressing the objectives of reducing vulnerability to climate change and integrating NAPs into national development plans Outreach materials available on NAP Central Support the LDCs in following the guiding principles of the process to formulate and implement NAPs through modalities such as regional workshops, outreach events and guidance materials, as necessary Relevant information included in annual progress report on NAPs F C C C /S B I/2 0 2 2 /6 3 4 G E .2 2 -0 6 3 5 1 Work area Activities Expected outputs Provide technical advice to the LDCs, such as through the review of draft NAPs, on how to effectively align their NAPs with the global goal on adaptation Technical advice provided to the LDCs Update the PEG M&E tool for use by countries to assess outcomes and impacts of adaptation efforts in the context of NAPs and to promote good practices embodied in the metrics used in the tool, based on the best available science and tools Updated PEG M&E tool 4. (...) Continuing to track and monitor progress in formulating and implementing NAPs, including countries’ experience and challenges in the process, with the support of the NAP technical working group Continue to capture progress and challenges in undertaking the process to formulate and implement NAPs and present results using the NAP tracking tool on NAP Central Information on progress available on NAP Central Improve the process for gathering information from organizations on their provision of support to the LDCs with a view to enhancing the tracking of progress in formulating and implementing NAPs Relevant information included in annual progress report on NAPs and on NAP Central Continue to apply the PEG M&E tool in assessing progress in the process to formulate and implement NAPs through the annual progress report on NAPs Relevant information included in annual progress report on NAPs Continue to communicate information on NAPs through the series of publications on best practices and lessons learned in addressing adaptation in the LDCs Publications on best practices and lessons learned F C C C /S B I/2 0 2 2 /6 G E .2 2 -0 6 3 5 1 3 5 Work area Activities Expected outputs 6.

Institutions and industries of developing countries typically operate in a situation of incomplete or imperfect information and rarely possess the knowledge, skills and organizational capacities necessary to formulate appropriate industrial strategies, policies and programmes. (...) Diagnostic surveys are conducted using tested methods such as UNIDO’s “Made in Country X” to identify strengths and weaknesses, opportunities and threats; (c) Assist in the establishment of permanent public-private partnerships at country or local level to enable stakeholders to share strategic information, design joint strategies and formulate consistent policies and programmes. Tools such as a game-theory framework developed by UNIDO are used by this service; (d) Help streamline and improve policy processes, while reflecting the interaction of several stakeholders with distinct and diverse objectives. (...) Services provided and expected outputs During the biennium, the Programme will focus on the following services and outputs: 01: Development and implementation of SME policies: (a) Strengthen the capacity of the public and private sectors to formulate and implement national and regional policies, strategies and programmes to promote SME development as well as to monitor their effectiveness.

Project plan and organization The PCU would: ƒ Formulate a project plan that assigns responsibilities, resources and budgets required for NIP development and identify training and capacity-building needs for the tasks to be undertaken. (...) Clearly identify gaps, such as in available information, deficiencies in technical expertise and enforcement capacity, as they become apparent. Formulate a list of priority areas or areas of great concern that have been uncovered during the process of the assessments and summarize the state of knowledge, known impacts and likely risks as well as possible remedial actions. (...) Preliminary recommendations made by the PCU would be reviewed by the NCC to help formulate the priorities for the country and to help to set objectives.

Anthony’s College, Kandy, Sri Lanka Bachelor of Laws, University of Ceylon, Colombo (LLB), 1971 Master of Laws, University of Colombo (LLM), 1982, in Administrative Law Graduate course in criminology at the University of Illinois, 1987, including Muslim law, theories of punishment and comparative legal systems Course in environmental law at the International Development Law Institute, Rome, 1992 Course in drafting commercial agreements at the University of London, 1995 Professional Enrolled as an Attorney-at-Law of the Supreme Court in 1972 Joined the Attorney General’s Department as a Crown Counsel in 1974, advancing to the position of Senior Deputy Solicitor General in 1995 Appointed as a Judge of the Court of Appeal in 1995 and made President of that Court in February 2001 Appointed as a Judge of the Supreme Court on 1 August 2001, the highest court in Sri Lanka Presently functioning as a Senior Judge of the Supreme Court and presiding over most benches Experience In the Attorney General’s Department, prosecuted in the original Courts Represented the Attorney General in criminal appeals before the Court of Appeal and the Supreme Court In the field of fundamental rights, appeared on behalf of police, armed forces and other governmental departments Nominated on several occasions as a Judge Advocate at court martial proceedings 3 S/2004/619 Appointed head of the Corporation Division of the Attorney General’s Department Other qualifications Lecturer and Examiner of the Sri Lanka Law College, appointed by the Council of Legal Education Visiting Lecturer, University of Colombo and University of Sri Jayawardenapura: 1985-1986 Member, National Dangerous Drugs Control Board: 1990-1992 Member, National Task Force to Formulate Environmental Policy Represented Sri Lanka at the United Nations Conference on Environment and Development, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, 1992 Attended several conferences of the South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC) and the Law-Asia Conference Attended conferences on refugee problems in New Delhi (1999) and Geneva (2000) Attended course for senior judges in Australia organized by the International Development Law Organization Followed a course in environmental law, International Development Law Institute, Rome, 1992 Followed a course in drafting commercial contracts and arbitration at the University of London, 1995