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PowerPoint Presentation 1 Different hunting strategies Dr Marius Masiulis FAO Consultant, International expert on wild boar management Wild boar - surveillance  Wildlife surveillance mostly linked to hunting;  Sampling rather irregular;  Hunting seasonally limited;  Rarely adequate number of samples collected;  Mostly serological tests performed – only retrospective analysis. 2 Role of hunters • To hunt or not to hunt? (...) • Reduction of the population – who else? • Increased hunting – motivation is needed? • Selective hunting (female hunting) – would that work? • Hunting ban – can it work? • Restricted driven hunting… • Collection and disposal of dead carcasses… Factors affecting population size • Natural mortality – up to 20-30% (mostly piglets) • ASF, CSF or other epidemics… • Hunting: - Driven hunting (most efficient way to hunt wild boar) - Targeted (selective: sub-adult and adult female) hunting (most efficient way to reduce the population) • Supplementary feeding – helps to sustain and increase the population 3 Hunting methods 5 Driven hunt Hunting methods 6 Solo hunt 4 To hunt or not to hunt?

Score: 1110478 - https://www.fao.org/fileadmin/...ents/events2019/ASF_reg/19.pdf

  PowerPoint Presentation

PowerPoint Presentation 1 Serbia Regional African Swine Fever (ASF) Wild Boar Management Workshop (GCP/RER/060/CHC) Belgrade, Serbia 21-23 May 2019 Game management and hunting overview • Organigram of the responsibilities for game management and hunting: Hunting society CompaniesPublic enterprise User of the hunting ground (Hunting ground menagment / licensed hunting workers) Forestry – hunting inspection Autonomous Province of Vojvodina, Provincial Secretariat for Agriculture, Water Management and Forestry Hunting associationHunting chamber Forest Directorate (Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Water Economy ) Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Water Economy 2 Game management and hunting overview • Organigram of the responsibilities for game management and hunting: • User of the hunting ground/hunting ground management - Decennial and annual management plan for hunting grounds, welfare, hunting arms, hunting permit, ... • Forestry-hunting inspection - Control of compliance with regulations • Hunting chamber - Issues licenses for approved persons for professional hunting activities, conducts training, ... • Hunting association - Provide hunting exam, ... • Provincial Secretariat for Agriculture, Water Management and Forestry- coordinates the work of the inspection and brings/adopts measures and legislation for the territory of the province of Vojvodina, ... • Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Water Economy (Forest Directorate) - Establishment of hunting areas, establishment of hunting grounds, Hunting catastre and central database, budget fund for the development of the hunting of R. (...) Game management and hunting overview • Number of hunting grounds in total : 321 h. grounds/24 fenced /32 h.regions • Size of the hunting grounds (min – average – max): Total 7.359.341ha (23.437ha), min 2.000ha - open hunting ground / 300 ha - fenced hunting ground, max≈100.000ha • Do you have fenced hunting grounds? (...) February. • Most common method/s of hunting : individual and driven hunt • Based on what factors is wild boar management planned: Regulated by the "Law on game and hunting“ (decennial and annual management plan for hunting grounds) • Do you have wild boar farms: No • Do you move live wild boar for hunting purposes?

Score: 1109750.8 - https://www.fao.org/fileadmin/...ents/events2019/ASF_reg/R5.pdf

  PowerPoint Presentation

Bafti Murati Head of Animal Health Sector FVA Kosovo’s Forest Area Public forests :295,200ha Private forests :180,800ha Unowned forests: 5000ha Total : 481,000ha 2 Game management and hunting overview The Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Rural Development The Forestry Department The Kosovo Forestry Agency The Directorate for management with Wild Game ,Hunting, Pastures and Eco – Tourism HSOSIH in Blinaja (Hunting Ste Of Special Importance ) HSOSI in Duboçak (Hunting Ste Of Special Importance ) The Directorate of Central Inspection for Hunting and Forestry OTHER PARTIES INVOLVED IN THE HUTING Food and Veterinary Agency Municipality Common Hunting sites Kosovo Hunting Federacion Hunting site managers, Person and legal person having activity the hunting 3 Game management and hunting overview-2 • Size of the hunting grounds (min 2000 ha– average 18000ha – max 48000ha) • Do you have fenced hunting grounds? (...) No • Do you move live wild boar for hunting purposes? How is it regulated? With the pursuit of hunting dogs, chase (creating noise). (...) The data are provided by hunting guards and other personnel involved in their feeding reported by the managers of the hunting sites.

Score: 1106625 - https://www.fao.org/fileadmin/...ents/events2019/ASF_reg/R3.pdf

  PowerPoint Presentation

PowerPoint Presentation 1 Montenegro Regional African Swine Fever (ASF) Wild Boar Management Workshop (GCP/RER/060/CHC) Belgrade, Serbia 21-23 May 2019 Game management and hunting overview • Organigram of the responsibilities for game management and hunting • Number of hunting grounds in total (map if available) • Size of the hunting grounds (min – average – max) - Game and Hunting Law of Montenegro (OGM 52/08 and 48/15) defines that the hunting ground can not be less than 3000 ha (at least the hunting ground is the "Tivat" of 4.589 ha) - The average area of the hunting ground in Montenegro is 35,722 ha - The largest hunting ground is the "Nikšić”, with 137,857 ha - Do you have fenced hunting grounds? How common? No • Hunting seasons: in general and for wild boar • For all mammals, the hunting season starts on 1st October, wild boar hunting ends on 31st January, and for others depending on the type of game • Most common method/s of hunting (individual, group, driven, other) Group method • Based on what factors is wild boar management planned • Hunting Development Programme for the period 2014 to 2024 as well as on the basis of Planning documents for each hunting ground individually • Do you have wild boar farms? (...) No 2 Organigram of the responsibilities for game management and hunting Number of hunting grounds in total • Mediteranean hunting zone – 8 hunting grounds (1341 wild boars) • Submediteranean h. z. – 5 hunting grounds (511 wild boars) • Central h. z. – 7 hunting grounds (1200 wild boars) • East h. z. – 7 hunting grounds (820 wild boars) • North h. z. – 4 hunting grounds (858 wild boars) • (1,2,3,4) special designation hunting grounds (255 wild boars) 3 Changes in wild boar management due to ASF • Is there a ban on supplementary feeding / baiting currently?

Score: 1105384.7 - https://www.fao.org/fileadmin/...ents/events2019/ASF_reg/R4.pdf

  title of presentation

title of presentation 1 Available tools for the prevention and control of diseases in wildlife, with focus on ASF in wild boar in infected country: hunting biosecurity and wild boar carcass disposal Marius Masiulis FAO international consultant State Food and Veterinary Service of Lithuania  Delayed diagnosis;  Wild boar population size and density;  Forest connectivity;  Inappropriate hunting methodologies;  Lack of biosecurity measures applied during hunting;  Infected wild boar carcasses available for healthy wild boars;  Poaching… Risk of spread after introduction of the virus in to wild boar population 2 The challenge for a country • Provide trainings for hunters; • Explain the epidemiological role played by wild boars; • Explain the major risk linked with hunting activities; • Unfortunately: explain that they have no advantages in declaring the presence of the infection in their hunting grounds. (...) It means to reduce as much as possible the presence of the virus and thus reducing the probabilities of further spread in both wild boar and in domestic pigs. 13 Surveillance 14 Places at specified high risk for the introduction and spread of ASF, such as those where wild boars are gathered by the hunters and inspected, should be kept under strict supervision of veterinarians and personnel well-trained in recognizing the signs and lesions caused by the disease and on the measures to be adopted to avoid its spread. 8 INFECTED DEAD = INFECTED HUNTED WILD BOAR ? Usually hunted wild boars are transported with the hunter’s own car to the hunting lodge; the probability of virus contamination of cars, hunting equipment is increased; Hunted wild boars – if infected – will contaminate the dressing area of the hunting house; if not dressed in the hunting house, infected offal remain in the forest: failure in reducing the environmental contamination of the virus; Shot infected wild boars are stored in the hunting lodge that, in some part, it is likely to be contaminated by the virus; Hunting lodges are visited by many persons, some of them could not be fully aware of the possible environmental contamination…; 15 TRANSPORT OF SHOT ANIMALS TRANSPORT OF HUNTED ANIMALS TO THE DRESSING FACILITY IS CARRIED OUT USING DEDICATED VEHICLES. (...) Dressing area Hunted wild boar should never leave the hunting area unless tested for ASF and the carcasses released only when resulted negative to ASF. 18 GENERAL RULE 10 HUNTED WILD BOAR  All hunted wild boars within infected area are subject to laboratory tests for ASF by ELISA and PCR;  It should be forbidden to use the meat of hunted wild boars and to move the meat from the hunting place within the infected area before the results of ASF testing have been obtained from the laboratory;  Till the laboratory results of ASF testing are obtained, the carcasses of wild boars should be stored isolated or in places authorised by CA. 20 Biosafety Hunters should process hunted wild boars in special designated places and all ABPs should not be moved outside but kept in special tightly closed animal waste pits or containers. 11 21 Ground pits for offal disposal should be at least 3 meter deep, fenced and closed with a locked closure.

Score: 1095257.3 - https://www.fao.org/fileadmin/...events2017/ASF_Kaunas/9_en.pdf

  PowerPoint Presentation

PowerPoint Presentation 1 Hungary Workshop on African swine fever management in wild boar – Surveillance and prevention of transmission to/from domestic pigs African swine fever management in wild boar Kaunas, Lithuania, 22-23 November 2017 Susceptible Species Population Species Total number of pigs Total Number of farms Pig population (2016) 2 760 103 64 803 (registered) Pigs in commercial farms 870 large scale + 6 691 small scale Pigs in non-commercial farms 30 299 Number of wild boars (in February 2017) 102 600 NA. Number of Hunted wild boar (hunting year 2016/2017) 143 081 NA. African swine fever management in wild boar Kaunas, Lithuania, 22-23 November 2017 2 Susceptible Species Population African swine fever management in wild boar Kaunas, Lithuania, 22-23 November 2017 Hunted wild boars 2016/2017 hunting year ASF situation: Domestic pigs • Nr. of outbreaks in domestic pigs 2016: 0 • Nr. of investigated and negative suspected cases 2016: 3 holdings (6 pigs) • Nr. of pigs tested in the frame of enhanced passive surveillance 2016: 623 • Nr. of outbreaks in domestic pigs 2017: 0 • Nr. of investigated and negative suspected cases 2017: 6 holdings (16 pigs) • Nr. of pigs tested in the frame of enhanced passive surveillance 2017: 645 African swine fever management in wild boar Kaunas, Lithuania, 22-23 November 2017 3 ASF situation: Wild boar 2016/2017 hunting year (1 March 2016-28 February 2017) • Number of wild boars found dead: 54 (total passive surveillance: 64) • Number of POSITIVE FOUND DEAD wild boars: 0 • Number of hunted and tested wild boars: 8949 PCR, 8877 ELISA • Number of POSITIVE HUNTED wild boars: 0 2017/2018 hunting year (1 March 2017-28 February 2018) • Number of wild boars found dead: 55 (total passive surveillance: 72) • Number of POSITIVE FOUND DEAD wild boars: 0 • Number of hunted and tested wild boars: 1871 PCR, 34 ELISA • Number of POSITIVE HUNTED wild boars: 0 African swine fever management in wild boar Kaunas, Lithuania, 22-23 November 2017 Surveillance African swine fever management in wild boar Kaunas, Lithuania, 22-23 November 2017 High Risk Area: • in Szabolcs-Szatmár-Bereg county • 59 hunting grounds • 162 municipalities 4 Surveillance (wild boars) AIM of surveillance Type of surveillance (passive/active) Laboratory test (PCR on organs/serology on blood sera) Early detection (first case in wild boar in free area) Passive surveillance (HRA: organised searching for dead wb) Active surveillance (HRA: all hunted) PCR on organs, virus isolation PCR from blood Already infected areas NA. (...) PCR on organs, PCR from blood, virus isolation African swine fever management in wild boar Kaunas, Lithuania, 22-23 November 2017 5 Prevention and Awareness Measure Applied/available Banning of supplementary feeding Applied: HRA Targeted hunting Applied: HRA Hunting to decrease WB density Applied: HRA Active search of carcasse Applied: HRA Ban of hunting Applied: ban of driven hunts in HRA Wild boar repellents Not applied Other Enhanced surveillance in domestic pigs Disinfection, control of baggage and awareness raising on the border African swine fever management in wild boar Kaunas, Lithuania, 22-23 November 2017 • Awareness activities among hunters • Homepage: http://portal.nebih.gov.hu/afrikai-sertespestis • Leaflets • Hunting magazine • Meetings • Official orders (HRA) Diagnostic capacity Assay Available Not available Testing possible at any time (24/7) Max capacity of sample testing/day (peacetime / emergency situation) PCR x yes VDD Budapest (NRL): 100 (500) VDD Debrecen: 100 (500) Virus isolation x yes VDD Budapest (NRL): 10 (50) Serology ELISA x yes VDD Budapest (NRL): 1000 (5000) VDD Debrecen: 1000 (5000) Serology IPT x yes VDD Budapest (NRL): 100 (500) African swine fever management in wild boar Kaunas, Lithuania, 22-23 November 2017 http://portal.nebih.gov.hu/afrikai-sertespestis 6 Case response for ASF in wild boar Measure Applied/available Dedicated ASF in wild boar Legislation •National legislation for ASF covers wild boars as well •Decision No. 2/2017 of the CVO and internal instructions of the CVO Hunting management Specific rules for HRA: testing of all hunted wb, ban of driven hunts, organised searching for dead wb Depopulation of wild boar Specific rules for HRA: Targeted hunting of female and <1 year in the HRA Hunting Biosecurity procedures During the hunt Specific rules for HRA: safe disposal of offals Transport at home Specific rules for HRA: Transport to game collection centre, testing of all hunted wb At the hunting lodge Disposal of infected hunted animals (NA) (Ad hoc disposal Pits) (Burning/Burial) (Disposed at home) No!

Score: 1094889.55 - https://www.fao.org/fileadmin/...nts2017/ASF_Kaunas/Hungary.pdf

  Collaborative Partnership on Sustainable Wildlife Management

However, hunting does not always lead to defaunation  and some species might benefit from hunting if conducted in a sustainable way. (...) In Amazonian sites, hunted populations of  spider monkeys  ( Ateles sp. ) and  woolly monkeys  ( Lagothrix sp .) have declined precipitously probably because of the over-hunting. (...) Sustainable hunting refers to hunting practices that allow for the hunted population to maintain sustainable levels in the long term in a way that hunting can continue to provide the cultural, nutritional, economic and ecological services to future generations.

Score: 1094889.55 - https://www.fao.org/forestry/wildlife-partnership/99546/en/

  PowerPoint Presentation

For the same period, the shot will increase from 8.518 heads to 14.35 heads or 68.47%. 6920 pigs-maticen fond • Organigram of the hunting association Wild boar Population 4 YEAR NUMBERS in SPRING TIME Expected growth 2,5 piglets per saw older than 2 years NUMBER BEFORE HUNT Calculated lost of 10% Calculated shot Condition with the game next spring 2016 8.870 11.088 19.958 2.000 8.518 9.440 2017 9.440 11.800 21.240 2.120 9.110 10.010 2018 10.010 12.513 22.533 2.250 9.703 10.580 2019 10.580 13.225 23.805 2.380 10.275 11.150 2020 11.150 13.938 25.088 2.510 10.858 11.720 2021 11.720 14.650 26.370 2.640 11.440 12.290 2022 12.290 15.363 27.653 2.765 12.028 12.860 2023 12.860 16.075 28.935 2.895 12.610 13.430 2024 13.430 16.788 30.218 3.020 13.198 14.000 2025 14.000 17.500 31.500 3.150 14.350 14.000 Organogram CONCESIONER OF HUNTING AREA PRIVATE ENTITY/HUNTING ASSOCIATION COMPETANT PERSON ЗАДОЛЖИТЕЛНО ПО ЗАКОН ЗА ЛОВСТВО SERVICE FOR KEEPING ORDER IN THE HUNTING AREAS ЛОВОЧУВАРСКА СЛУЖБА ЗАДОЛЖИТЕЛНО ПО ЗАКОН ЗА ЛОВСТВО HUNTERS НЕ Е ЗАДОЛЖИТЕЛНО СО ЗАКОНОТ ЗА ЛОВСТО State inspection for forestry & hunting control Number of hunting areas 256, Number of concessioners/hunting associations 73 3 national parks(Pelister, Mavrovo, Galicica) State hunting areas: Jasen, Makedonski Sumi 5 Import/Export of wild boar / wild boar products – Wild boar import Law on Hunting, Article 10, regulates only the import of live wildlife for hunting in the hunting area, with the consent of the Ministry of Environment and Physical Planning. No data wild boar products There are no provisions for wild boar products / regulated only for game and game hunting, Article 64 of the Hunting Law Law on food safety- No data Hunting tourism • Hunting tourism – YES, organized and managed by the concessioners • Study on the development of hunting tourism in the Republic of Macedonia with an action plan for the period 2016-2025 • No data 6 Data and risk assessment • Database and information system. (...) yes • Wild boar management: • Hunting strategies? Y/N (which) In each separate hunting environment, for each hunting ground separately for each species separately, according to the structural elements of the population, a regular and breeding shot is determined in order to achieve an optimal number of individuals in the hunting ground, permanent maintenance of the population with its age and gender structure will provide quality and healthy game with stable reproduction. • Hunting season hunting is determined by the Hunting Law.

Score: 1092376.1 - https://www.fao.org/fileadmin/...s/events2019/ASFBalkans/10.pdf

  PowerPoint Presentation

PowerPoint Presentation 1 Germany Workshop on African swine fever management in wild boar – Surveillance and prevention of transmission to/from domestic pigs African swine fever management in wild boar Kaunas, Lithuania, 22-23 November 2017 Susceptible Species Population DEU Species Total number of pigs Total Number of farms Pig population 27.9 Million 40 000 Pigs in Commercial Farms more than 100 pigs 25.9 Million 20.000 Pigs in Non-commercial farms less than 100 pigs 2 Million 20 000 Number of Wild boar (in March) 1,7 Million Number of Hunted wild boar (last available hunting year) 600 000 • Pig density map (if available) high density in the north, lower density in the south • Wild boar distribution map (if available) African swine fever management in wild boar Kaunas, Lithuania, 22-23 November 2017 2 Wildboar hunting in Germany up to 600 000 wildboar per year African swine fever management in wild boar Kaunas, Lithuania, 22-23 November 2017 ASF situation: Domestic pigs • Number of outbreaks in domestic pigs none • Outbreak map • Outbreaks by month • Outbreaks by production type (commercial vs. non-commercial farms) • Number of investigated and negative suspected cases • Suspected/known source of infection African swine fever management in wild boar Kaunas, Lithuania, 22-23 November 2017 3 ASF situation: Wild boar • Number of wild boar found dead • Number of POSITIVE FOUND DEAD wild boar none • Number of hunted and tested wild boar • Number of POSITIVE HUNTED wild boar • Trend of cases during the past years (divided by HUNTED and FOUND DEAD wild boar) • Cases map • Cases by month (divided by found dead and hunted positive animals) African swine fever management in wild boar Kaunas, Lithuania, 22-23 November 2017 Surveillance AIM of surveillance Type of surveillance (passive/active) Laboratory test (PCR on organs/serology on blood sera) Early detetection (first case in wild boar in free area) Passive dead found wild boar Active hunted wildboar Organs, blood or swap, PCR Already infected areas none Free in risk areas Whole country Free in low risk areas Whole country African swine fever management in wild boar Kaunas, Lithuania, 22-23 November 2017 4 Prevention and Awareness Measure Applied/available Banning of supplementary feeding Only baiting allowed, restricted supply Targeted hunting no Hunting to decrease WB density In planning Active search of carcasse no Ban of hunting no Wild boar repellents no Other African swine fever management in wild boar Kaunas, Lithuania, 22-23 November 2017 • Awareness activities among hunters (and target groups likely to encounter sick/dead wild boar), e.g. leaflets, TV/radio, meetings… Diagnostic capacity Assay Available Not available Testing possible at any time (24/7) Max capacity of sample testing/day PCR Yes No, 5 days normal shift Virus isolation yes dto Serology ELISA yes dto Serology IPT yes dto African swine fever management in wild boar Kaunas, Lithuania, 22-23 November 2017 5 Case response for ASF in wild boar Measure Applied/available Dedicated ASF in wild boar Legislation General legislation for swine fever Hunting management Depopulation of wild boar Hunting Biosecurity procedures During the hunt Transport at home At the hunting lodge Disposal of infected hunted animals Ad hoc disposal pits Burning/Burial Disposed at home Disposal of found dead wild boars African swine fever management in wild boar Kaunas, Lithuania, 22-23 November 2017 Challenges • High wild boar density • Nessacerity to increase hunting, especially female • Hunting in protected areas African swine fever management in wild boar Kaunas, Lithuania, 22-23 November 2017

Score: 1088849.8 - https://www.fao.org/fileadmin/...17/ASF_Kaunas/4_GERMANY_en.pdf

  PowerPoint Presentation

ASF measures to be applied for wild boar Minimum biosecurity requirements for the hunters should be foreseen by the competent authority; at least these aspects should be included: • dedicated authorized dressing facility should be available in each hunting ground; • inside each hunting ground a facility/premise should be equipped with refrigerator (if it‘s allowed to consume wild boar meat); • hunted wild boar should remain in the premises of the hunting ground until tested (if it‘s allowed to consume wild boar meat); 9 Hunted wild boar should never leave the hunting area unless tested for ASF and the carcasses released only when resulted negative to ASF! (...) The overall hunting bag should be balanced between male and females (50% each). (...) Intensive hunting to obtain a strong reduction of wild boar density. b.

Score: 1087916.9 - https://www.fao.org/fileadmin/...ents/events2019/ASF_reg/08.pdf