UNECE International Seminar on E-Government in collaboration with the Italian Government and the Scuola Superiore della Pubblica Administrazione (SSPA), Royal Palace, Caserta, Italy, 13-14 December 2002 - 02opa20e.htm
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Geneva, 7 November 2002
UNECE International Seminar on E-Government
in collaboration with the Italian Government and the Scuola Superiore della Pubblica Administrazione (SSPA)
Royal Palace, Caserta, Italy 13-14 December 2002
The United Nations Economic Commission for Europe will hold the International Seminar on E-Government Development with special reference to transition economies in collaboration with the Italian Government and the Scuola Superiore della Pubblica Administrazione (SSPA) from Italy in the context of the preparatory work for the World Summit on the Information Society to be held in 2003.
The UNECE E-Government initiative aims to set a strategic direction for the way the public sector of transition economies will transform itself by implementing new administration models which exploit the possibilities of new technology. (...) In close collaboration with the Scuola Superiore della Pubblica Administrazione (SSPA), the seminar will focus on the following subjects:
Strategic orientations and the actual electronic supply of public information by the administration;
Identification of international best practice cases in terms of transferability to the region;
Investigation of organisational and technical factors, which are critical to successful implementation;
Development of options for possible pilot projects based on indicators of demand and international experiences;
Identification of the needs for capacity building and training.
Language:English
Score: 1075685
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https://unece.org/fileadmin/DAM/press/pr2002/02opa20e.htm
Data Source: un
9
•• ReduceReduce phsyicalphsyical distractiondistraction ((dialingdialing, , holdingholding the the phonephone…)…)
•• ReduceReduce visualvisual distractiondistraction ((watchingwatching di ldi l k b dk b d ))
The Fully Networked Car Geneva, 2-3 March 2011
displaydisplay, , keyboardkeyboard …)…)
Superior Sound Quality & Intelligibility in the Car 10
o Wideband services in mobile networks available soon -->>
o Enabling wideband telephony (100 Hz- 8 kHz) in cars • Fullband • Narrow band (car) • Wideband (car)
oo Efficient use of the high quality audio systems in Efficient use of the high quality audio systems in cars:cars:
The Fully Networked Car Geneva, 2-3 March 2011
• Getting superior sound quality • Increasing speech intelligibility • Increasing naturalness of a conversation • Reduce drivers distraction due to poor speech sound quality
6
Superior Sound Quality & Intelligibility for the Far End 11
Car
Narrowband (.wav)Wideband (.wav)
( )
BT chipHands-Free Algorithm
Preamp. A/D GSM
MOST-
BUS
Mobile Phone
BT
GSM Network
D/A Amp.
(.wav) (.wav) (.wav)
The Fully Networked Car Geneva, 2-3 March 2011
Influence of Delay on Drivers Distraction 12
o Best case car to car: ~200 ms
o Worst case car to car (including network delay):o Worst case car to car (including network delay): >>400 ms
For superior conversational quality: delay < For superior conversational quality: delay < ~150 ms~150 ms (from the users perspective)
The Fully Networked Car Geneva, 2-3 March 2011
Network Terminal A Terminal B0 ms 0 ms
(.wav)150 ms 150 ms (.wav)500 ms 500 ms (.wav)
7
Consequences of Poor Quality Hands-Free Implementation
oo ReducedReduced speechspeech qualityquality –– nearnear end and end and farfar endend oo Poor Poor soundsound qualityquality
C t dC t d hh d d tt ll litlit iioo CorruptedCorrupted speechspeech due due toto lowlow qualityquality noisenoise cancellingcancelling and and lowlow qualityquality echo echo cancellationcancellation
oo InsufficientInsufficient conversationalconversational performanceperformance due due toto highhigh transmissiontransmission delaydelay
oo Poor double talk Poor double talk performanceperformance
The Fully Networked Car Geneva, 2-3 March 2011
--> > High High cognitivecognitive distractiondistraction due due toto poorpoor
technicaltechnical performanceperformance
ITU-T Standards Contributing to Reduced Drivers Distraction
14
ITUITU--T standardsT standards for Handsfor Hands--Free Communication:Free Communication: •• ITUITU--T P.1100 for narrowband handsT P.1100 for narrowband hands--freefree •• ITUITU--T P.1110 for wideband handsT P.1110 for wideband hands--freefree
ITUITU--T standards work T standards work in FG in FG CarCOMCarCOM:: •• New work on subsystem requirements for HandsNew work on subsystem requirements for Hands--Free Free
Systems in CarsSystems in Cars
ITUITU--T standards for Dialog Systems:T standards for Dialog Systems:
The Fully Networked Car Geneva, 2-3 March 2011
f g yf g y •• P.851: Subj. evaluation of dialog systemsP.851: Subj. evaluation of dialog systems •• Suppl. 24 to P. (...) Rec.: Parameters describing the
interaction with spoken dialog systemsinteraction with spoken dialog systems
8
Conclusions 15
oo Speech technologies may help to reduce drivers Speech technologies may help to reduce drivers distraction if properly implementeddistraction if properly implemented
ITU i ll t f f h l t d ITU i ll t f f h l t d oo ITU is an excellent forum for speech related ITU is an excellent forum for speech related technologies and their standardizationtechnologies and their standardization
oo FG FG CarCOMCarCOM is actively working on advanced is actively working on advanced standards for handsstandards for hands--free implementations and free implementations and subsystems, more: subsystems, more:
The Fully Networked Car Geneva, 2-3 March 2011
http://www.itu.int/ITUhttp://www.itu.int/ITU--T/focusgroups/carcom/T/focusgroups/carcom/
oo A new ITU Focus group on Drivers Distraction is A new ITU Focus group on Drivers Distraction is starting soon!
Language:English
Score: 1023845.7
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https://www.itu.int/dms_pub/it.../06/41/T06410000200001PDFE.pdf
Data Source: un
With the previous implementation the ‘cross-over point’ for the anchor and SCT is at about 40kbps. With the new implementation the SCT is superior to the anchor at all bandwidths.
(...) Once again there is a highly significant improvement with the new implementation. The ‘cross-over point’ from February of about 60 kbps is eliminated and the SCT is superior to the anchor throughout the tested bandwidth range.
Language:English
Score: 1020791.5
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https://www.itu.int/wftp3/av-a...video-site/9908_Ber/q15h14.doc
Data Source: un
Gierlich HEAD acoustics GmbH
Chairman of ITU-T FG CarCom
Speech Technologies in Cars Speech Technologies in Cars and the Role of ITUand the Role of ITU--TT
The Fully Networked Car Geneva, 3-4 March 2010
2Why Speech Technologies
The driving taskThe driving task
=> Auditory Channel of the human system available=> Auditory Channel of the human system available
mostly occupied: mostly occupied: visual systemvisual system
mainly involved: mainly involved: hands and legshands and legs
involved: involved: auditory systemauditory system
not involved: not involved: talkingtalking
The Fully Networked Car Geneva, 3-4 March 2010
3Speech applications
oo The main speech applications:The main speech applications:
•• Speech recognition systemsSpeech recognition systems •• Speech dialog systemsSpeech dialog systems •• Text to speech systemsText to speech systems •• Speech enhancement for communication Speech enhancement for communication
systemssystems •• HandsHands--free communicationfree communication •• Enhanced inEnhanced in--car communication systems car communication systems
between passengersbetween passengers
The Fully Networked Car Geneva, 3-4 March 2010
4Human interaction
1m
Human conversation:Human conversation: ““orthotelefonicorthotelefonic reference position”reference position”
The Fully Networked Car Geneva, 3-4 March 2010
5Speech dialog systems
1m
Human Human –– machine communicationmachine communication
The Fully Networked Car Geneva, 3-4 March 2010
6General Requirements for Human-Machine Communication
o Seamless man-machine interaction requires:
• Superior speech recognition • Superior speech synthesis • High quality text to speech systems • Superior dialog systems
The Fully Networked Car Geneva, 3-4 March 2010
7
1m
Hands-Free Communication
BSS MSC PSTN DSL
FRE
Bluetooth
IP… Mobile Nw.
The Fully Networked Car Geneva, 3-4 March 2010
8General Requirements for Hands-Free Communication in Cars
o Seamless human interaction requires low distraction form the driving task:
• Superior speech sound quality (in the car and from car to landline)
• Superior noise cancellation • Low delay transmission • Wideband speech is highly preferred
The Fully Networked Car Geneva, 3-4 March 2010
9Why Wideband in Cars?
(...) After market systems: • Independent of car infrastructure, sometimes including
speech recognition, navigation
Standardization activities in ITU Standardization activities in ITU based on work in FG based on work in FG CarCOMCarCOM:: •• ITUITU--T P.1100 for narrowband handsT P.1100 for narrowband hands--freefree •• ITUITU--T P.1110 for wideband handsT P.1110 for wideband hands--freefree •• New work on subsystem requirementsNew work on subsystem requirements
The Fully Networked Car Geneva, 3-4 March 2010
17The Role of HEAD acoustics
oo Providing expertise for testing and Providing expertise for testing and optimization of all speech technologies used optimization of all speech technologies used in carsin cars
oo Providing test systems for speech Providing test systems for speech applications to the car industry, suppliers, applications to the car industry, suppliers, algorithm developers and chipset algorithm developers and chipset manufacturersmanufacturers
oo Supporting standardization since 20 years Supporting standardization since 20 years based on the expertise and basic research at based on the expertise and basic research at HEAD acousticsHEAD acoustics
The Fully Networked Car Geneva, 3-4 March 2010
18Conclusion
o Speech technologies in cars may actively contribute to deploy new services in cars
o Speech technologies may help to reduce drivers distraction if properly implemented
o HEAD acoustics is providing all types of test services and systems for testing and optimization of speech technologies
o ITU-T is an excellent source and basis for speech related technologies and their standardization
o FG CarCOM is actively working on advanced standards for hands-free implementations and subsystems, more: http://www.itu.int/ITU-T/focusgroups/carcom/
Language:English
Score: 994631
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https://www.itu.int/dms_pub/it...6/25/T062500000P002010PDFE.pdf
Data Source: un
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Following her nomination by United Nations Secretary-General António Guterres, the General Assembly today elected Inger Andersen of Denmark to a four-year term as Executive Director of the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP). (...) Andersen brings a passion for conservation and sustainable development with more than 30 years of experience in international development economics, environmental sustainability and policy-making, as well as in designing and implementing projects and generating on-the-ground impact from working with a small Non-Governmental Organization in Sudan to multilateral and international settings with a constant focus on poverty eradication. (...) La agenda de trabajo
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https://www.un.org/sg/es/content/profiles/inger-andersen
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New findings from the ODYSSEY trial confirm superiority of dolutegravir-based ART in young children
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(...) The ODYSSEY trial, a multi-country randomised trial sponsored by Penta, has previously demonstrated superior treatment efficacy for DTG plus two nucleoside analogues versus standard-of-care (SOC) in 707 children ≥14kg (median age 12 years) starting first- or second-line ART. (...) “These new findings from the ODYSSEY trial confirm once and for all the superiority of DTG-based regimens compared to existing regimens.
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https://www.who.int/news/item/...ir-based-art-in-young-children
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https://www.icc-cpi.int/sites/...iccdocs/otp/201805SpeechDP.pdf
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This transform has decorrelation performance superior to the one currently implemented in the SandVideo / HHI proposal. We believe it can be incorporated with similar complexity but superior coding performance. Performance will be provided at the meeting.
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https://www.itu.int/wftp3/av-a...te/2004_03_Munich/JVT-K030.doc
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Microsoft Word - NAMCARCATC1WP04Rev.doc
NAM/CAR/CATC/1 — WP/04 International Civil Aviation Organization 22/08/13 – Revised North American, Central American and Caribbean Office (NACC) First Meeting of Civil Aviation Training Centres in the NAM/CAR Regions (NAM/CAR/CATC/1) ICAO NACC Regional Office, Mexico City, 27 to 30 August 2013
Agenda Item 1 Follow-up on ICAO Training and Human Resources Activities
1.3 Next Generation Aviation Professionals (NGAP) programme
PROPOSAL FROM THE ACADEMIA SUPERIOR DE CIENCIAS AERONÁUTICAS REGARDING THE IMPLEMENTATION OF AN EFFECTIVE FEEDBACK SYSTEM FOR
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The Academia Superior de Ciencias Aeronáuticas has accumulated great experience in the delivery of TRAINAIR Plus-based training and has been able to see its effectiveness in the classroom. (...) This paper is a proposal for the implementation of a mechanism that will allow collecting valuable information and making it available to the areas of Design and to other States in order to guarantee the effectiveness of the courses.
(...) Background
2.1 ICAO has an important role by guaranteeing that the civil aviation community and, in particular, that States have access to the set of qualified professionals that they need to accomplish a safe, protected and sustainable air transport.
2.2 Initially, with the global implementation of the TRAINAIR programme and its later updating and later adjustment with the TRAINAIR Plus programme, the International Civil Aviation Organization has intervened in a positive manner in the preparation of what would become the next generation of aviation professionals.
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2.4 The way the TRAINAIR Plus Programme considers the assessment of the impact of training is limited to the presentation during the preparation phase, of an assessment plan, establishing that the forthcoming stages that belong to management.
2.5 The Academia Superior de Ciencias Aeronáuticas has accumulated great experience in the handling of training through the TRAINAIR methodology since 2009 and subsequently with the TRAINAIR Plus since 2011.
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https://www.icao.int/NACC/Docu...ARCATC1/NAMCARCATC1WP04Rev.pdf
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Any person, including their representatives, shall be entitled to appeal to customs authorities, also to the superior customs authority or to the authorized body on customs issues and (or) to the court a decision, actions (inaction) of a customs authority and (or) of a customs official, if such decision and (or) actions (inaction) infringes upon rights and interests of this person, creates obstacles to their implementation, or unlawfully imposes a responsibility. 2. (...) An appeal against a decision, actions (inaction) of a customs official shall be filed with the customs authority which employs the customs official who made such decision or took such actions (inaction), or a superior customs authority. An appeal against a decision, actions (inaction) of the customs authority shall be filed with a superior customs authority, or with the authorized body on customs issues. 2. When the appeal filed is subject to consideration by a superior customs authority, then the appeal within three working days from the day of its registration shall be forwarded to the superior customs authority along with materials thereon (where available), with notification of the person who filed the appeal. 3.
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https://www.wto.org/english/th...e/kaz_e/WTACCKAZ57A1_LEG_1.pdf
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