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During its visit, the Working Group heard very troubling testimonies, including of families not being able to have access to the bodies of their loved ones killed during the security operations, and of bodies being disposed of. (...) The criminal offence of enforced disappearance should include various modes of criminal liability, including in relation to any person who commits, orders, solicits or induces the commission of, attempts to commit, is an accomplice to or participates in an enforced disappearance. (...) Turkey should develop a comprehensive plan for a system to preserve all existing records and documentation relating to human rights violations, including enforced disappearances. Access to archives, including those of military, the gendarmerie and the security and intelligence services should be guaranteed — notably to families for the purpose of the search for their loved ones, as well as to judicial authorities for the purpose of criminal investigation and prosecution. 27.

In particular, it is disappointing that, more than 25 years after the regime came to an end, Albania still does not have comprehensive legislation securing the rights of both society and the families of forcibly disappeared persons to know the truth about what happened; the right of families to have the remains of their loved ones found, identified and returned to them; their right to reparation, including compensation, restitution, rehabilitation, satisfaction and guarantees of non-repetition; and the right to memory, as well as the right to access to justice. 9 Article 109/c of the Criminal Code (supplemented by Law No. 144, dated 2 May 2013, art. 25). 10 Article 109/c of the Criminal Code. 11 Articles 67 and 74 of the Criminal Code. 12 Criminal Procedure Code of the Republic of Albania, Law No. 7905 (1995). (...) Family members should not be forced to accept a declaration of death of a disappeared loved one in order to receive compensation before their fate or whereabouts are clarified. (...) Yet some relatives believe they have excavated remains of their loved ones and have reburied them (see paras. 36 and 37 above).

During its 10-day mission, the Working Group visited all parts of the island, including Colombo, Batticaloa, Galle, Jaffna, Kilinochchi, Mannar, Matale, Mullaitivu and Trincomalee. (...) It held meetings with representatives of communities and civil society, including non-governmental organizations (NGOs), human rights defenders and lawyers. (...) There have been conflicting reports about the remains found in the grave, including about the period when the inhumations would have been carried out.

PROMOTION AND PROTECTION OF ALL HUMAN RIGHTS, CIVIL, POLITICAL, ECONOMIC, SOCIAL AND CULTURAL RIGHTS, INCLUDING THE RIGHT TO DEVELOPMENT : INFORMATION PRESENTED BY THE EQUALITY AND HUMAN RIGHTS COMMISSION OF GREAT BRITAIN : NOTE / BY THE SECRETARIAT

In addition, relatives of disappeared individuals may migrate to continue the search for their loved ones and to pursue justice. 1. Migration to escape threats of being subjected to enforced disappearance 8. (...) In some cases, relatives of disappeared migrants also move internally, temporarily or permanently, or in the country of destination of their loved one, to seek more information, as they face many obstacles searching for the disappeared in their own country.9 13. (...) Family members who are left behind after the disappearance of a relative might migrate to search for their loved one, or be forced to do so due to social stigmatization.

Some families were promised that, if they did not file a case, their loved ones would be released, which did not happen. (...) They implored that their loved ones, if accused of a crime, should be presented before a judge and, if recognized guilty, be convicted. 49. (...) The families that the Working Group met had different feelings about the fact that the hearings took place in the presence of representatives of different agencies, including those being accused of having abducted their loved ones; some said they had no fear of confronting them, while others felt intimidated.

This also means that those whose loved ones have still not been found need to be kept abreast of all stages of the search process.8 The Working Group welcomes the information that the strategic objectives of the Committee for 2021–2024 include increasing support to the 7 Updated set of principles for the protection and promotion of human rights through action to combat impunity, principles 14–18; and A/HRC/45/13/Add.3, paras. 77–79. 8 A/HRC/45/13/Add.3, paras. 60, 62 and 98 (i), and annex, para. 111. (...) The Working Group notes with regret that a comprehensive national reparation programme that includes compensation, restitution, rehabilitation, satisfaction and guarantees of non-repetition for all victims of human rights violations, including enforced disappearance, without discrimination, was never rolled out. 19 By means of note verbale from the Republic of Cyprus on 22 June 2022. 20 A/HRC/30/38/Add.5, para. 59. 21 See also E/CN.4/1998/43, para. 75; and A/HRC/22/45 and A/HRC/22/45/Corr.1, paras. 46–68. 22 A/HRC/22/45 and A/HRC/22/45/Corr.1, para. 68. (...) A/HRC/51/31/Add.1 GE.22-14037 13 disappearances during those processes, including temporary or short-term disappearances.

Drug use affects not only the individual users, but also their families and loved ones. Children and young persons have the right to be free from the harms of drug abuse. Drug traffickers typically belong to criminal organisations, including transnational criminal organisations that prey on the young and vulnerable to supply harmful substances to sustain the addiction of drug users for profit. (...) But we constantly review our laws, including those involving drug offences. The latest review of our death penalty regime in 2012 reaffirmed the relevance of the death penalty for all the offences to which it currently applies.

The Working Group is concerned that the SBU retains investigative powers, including possibly for cases of enforced disappearance or other international crimes. (...) There were also several allegations of individuals being held in other unofficial detention facilities, including in Kramatorsk, Mariupol, Odessa and Pokrovsk. (...) The Working Group emphasizes the importance of including the necessary education and information regarding the r

GE.14-10927 (S) 030314 060314 *1410927* Consejo de Derechos Humanos 25º período de sesiones Tema 4 de la agenda Situaciones de derechos humanos que requieren la atención del