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  Topics for ITU H

Future Video Terminal Market Segments H.263L products will, according to the present schedule, reach the market about 2001-2002. (...) The requirements should be based on a coherent view of the future target market segment for the new standard. We think that there will be two major terminal market segments for video communication: Desktop terminals with big high-quality displays, fast powerful general purpose processors and a fairly broad band network connection by e.g. (...) Each of these terminal market segments will be used in several different modes: Real-time video telephony including multi-user conference.

Score: 1060869.6 - https://www.itu.int/wftp3/av-a...video-site/9712_Eib/q15c20.doc

  Global Employment Challenge summary Ajit revised

In the 1990s, most countries sought to address the employment problem essentially through policies designed to increase labour market flexibility. But these policies had very limited success in reducing unemployment and instead led to growth of low-paid part-time and temporary jobs and even to two-tier labour markets. (...) Employment growth in the formal segment must exceed the labour force growth in the economy, and labour market regulations and institutions must not generate strong incentives for the substitution of capital for labour. (...) This reallocation cannot be achieved through policies that increase the flexibility of labour markets. Labour market policies must impart simple but new skills to these people, promoting new forms of apprenticeship arrangements and guaranteeing welfare through wage subsidies.

Score: 1059298.7 - https://www.ilo.org/wcmsp5/gro...uments/article/wcms_092210.pdf

  The question of how to facilitate the access of developing countries to better prevetion and treatme

At the other extreme, some companies have accepted to more or less fully allocate these fixed costs exclusively to these segments of the market where a solvent demand makes the business nevertheless (highly) profitable. This allows to offer to the poorest segments of the market a price closed to or even equal to the marginal cost. (...) Remembering that they were not so long ago belonging to the poor segments of the market demand, they (individuals as well as countries) tend to use the emotional route, or try to bargain volumes for prices to get the lowest possible price.

Score: 1054113.6 - https://www.wto.org/english/tr...ntations_e/16martin_text_e.doc

  16martin_text_e.PDF

At the other extreme, some companies have accepted to more or less fully allocate these fixed costs exclusively to these segments of the market where a solvent demand makes the business nevertheless (highly) profitable. This allows to offer to the poorest segments of the market a price closed to or even equal to the marginal cost. (...) Remembering that they were not so long ago belonging to the poor segments of the market demand, they (individuals as well as countries) tend to use the emotional route, or try to bargain volumes for prices to get the lowest possible price.

Score: 1054113.6 - https://www.wto.org/english/tr...ntations_e/16martin_text_e.pdf

  Session 2_P1_DORNAN

Visibility >10 years Soon obsolete Consumer Telematics Commercial Telematics Public Telematics In-Car Hands- Free Input Remote Diagnostics Advanced Collision Avoidance Systems Bluetooth in Automotive In-Car Digital/ Satellite Radio MOST (Media Oriented Systems Transport) X-by-wire Technologies © 2005 GartnerG2 5 ITU-T The Fully Networked Car, A Workshop on ICT in Vehicles ITU-T Geneva, 2-4 March 2005 Telematics Hype Curve - Consumer Segment Trough of Disillusionment Slope of Enlightenment Plateau Maturity Technology Trigger Peak of Inflated Expectations Visibility Advent of the Internet and mobile computing Reduced investment activity Wingcast dissolution Non-automotive content and app. providers see telematics as a new channel opportunity New telematics service providers enter the market OnStar launch Growing interest & investments from automakers, suppliers & technology providers Search for new “second-tier” telematics market opportunities/segments Growing market consolidation and company closures Realization of true potential of telematics Development of apps. that meet customers’ needs Integration of telematics services into broader, mobile service offerings 1994-2000 2001 2002-2003 2004-2006 2007-2012 Consumer Demand High Low High Low HighLow We are here ! (...) How important do you think the following factors are for accelerating market adoption for telematics solutions in all market segments in Europe? (...) Base: All car drivers, Germany 24 43 33 The Car Manufacturer (Not a Third-Party) Another Provider (Not the Car Manufacturer) Would Consider Both (Manufacturer or a Third-Party) Other Possible Providers… Car Dealership (No.2 in Germany) Insurance Company (No.2 in France) Breakdown Provider (No.2 in UK) Police/Government Retailers Auto Electronics Fitters Mobile Phone Companies, Etc. © 2005 GartnerG2 12 ITU-T The Fully Networked Car, A Workshop on ICT in Vehicles ITU-T Geneva, 2-4 March 2005 Some Closing Thoughts § In ALL markets, start simple, then grow. § Segmentation is Crucial in All Market Segments.

Score: 1046302.7 - https://www.itu.int/ITU-T/work...03/presentations/s2-dornan.pdf

  Impact on employment

Misunderstanding of LA labor markets! Latin America: which jobs are not in danger? First, the bad ones …..  Latin American labor markets are segmented - A demand-driven segment (large, medium, small private enterprises; public sector), pro-cyclical job growth - A supply-driven segment (low income households), with counter- cyclical dynamics  Supply-driven segment: subsistence needs, low productivity, low technological level (far from productive frontier), does not compete with demand-driven segment: movement of productive frontier without consequence  => Technological change without (direct) impact in this segment, it might even grow Taking into account structural differences affects estimates of risk of job destruction Chile: Risk of automatization of jobs, method Frey and Osborne, standard and adjusted method (preliminary results) (percentages) Source: ECLAC … and on the sector level… Chile: High risk of automatization of jobs by industry, method Frey and Osborne, standard and adjusted method (preliminary results) (absolute numbers) Source: ECLAC … and regarding the argument that less developed countries have the highest risk of job substitution … Latin America: GDP pc and risk of job substitution, Frey/ Osborne method, preliminary results Latin America: GDP pc and risk of job substitution, adjusted method, preliminary results Source: ECLAC And in the formal sector? (...) Distributional issues  Latin America among the most unequal regions – among others, related to heterogeneous production structure, weak institutions  Skill supply characterized by strong segmentation of quality of education  Threat of increased structural heterogeneity with widening technological gaps  Recently, there has been a polarization of the occupational structure of most LA countries, albeit to a lesser degree than in OECD countries.  On the firm level, Crespi and Tacsir (2012) find a skill-bias of product innovation, especially in high-tech sectors (4 LA countries)  Santos, Monroy and Moreno (2015, cit. in Dutz et al, 2018) find that higher ICT intensity is related to higher demand for cognitive skills  Dutz, Almeida and Packard (2018) find mixed results regarding the evolution of the wage gap between high- and low-skilled workers as a result of increased ICT use  New options through platforms but threat of new informality in the context of already high (old) informality => challenges for labor market regulation and social security Conclusions  Risk of – direct and indirect – job destruction  Estimates have to take into account LA labour market structure: Risk centered in (relatively) good jobs  Opportunities for productive job transformation and job creation  But multiple obstacles have to be faced => challenges for public policies and public-private cooperation  Key areas: technology development/ adjustment and support of implementation, skill development (changing demand, lags, segmentation), labour regulation, social security

Score: 1045966.2 - https://www.cepal.org/sites/de...vents/files/8_weller_eclac.pdf

  WTO | intellectual property (TRIPS) - Affordable drugs workshop

Maria Neira, WHO: Experience with access to essential medicines for tropical diseases (MS Word, 3 pages, 29KB)( pdf , 22KB) Jeffrey Sturchio, Merck: The Case of Ivermectin: Lessons Learned and Implications for Improving Access to Care and Treatment in Developing Countries (MS Word, 5 pages, 35.5KB)( pdf , 21KB) Chuck Hardwick, Pfizer: Access to Medicines in the Developing World Through Partnerships (MS Word, 8 pages, 31KB)( pdf , 16KB) Session V — Market Segmentation: Techniques, Actors and Incentives    back to top This session sought to examine the different ways in which the segmentation of markets necessary for differential pricing can be made effective, taking into account the need to ensure consistency with WTO and other international trade rules. Also considered were the extent to which competition law puts constraints on the use of market segmentation techniques. Marketing strategies by manufacturers and contractual approaches Albert Itschner, Novartis: Market segmentation and price differentiation: a novel approach (MS Word, 4 pages, 31.5KB)( pdf ,  17KB) Keith McCollough, Vuna Healthcare Logistics: Purchase undertakings (MS PowerPoint, 11 pages, 956KB) ( pdf , 234KB) Clifford Wong, Medimpact Healthcare Systems, Inc: Differential Pricing Impact On Drug Costs To A Purchaser: Effectiveness of "Ex Post Reimbursement" Strategies (MS PowerPoint, 7 pages, 52KB)( pdf , 535KB) Governmental measures Guy Woods, Lacuna Research Ltd: Governmental Measures: Role of regulatory authorities (MS Word, 6 pages, 47KB)( pdf , 23KB) John Bisonga, Customs & Excise, Government of Kenya: Export controls (MS Word, 7 pages, 45KB)( pdf , 325KB) The use of intellectual property rights Richard Wilder (Powell, Goldstein, Frazer & Murphy): The Value of Intellectual Property Rights (MS Word, 8 pages, 57KB) ( pdf , 29KB) Carlos Correa, University of Buenos Aires: Intellectual Property Rights and the Exhaustion Principle (MS PowerPoint, 7 pages, 43.5KB)( pdf , 29KB) Competition policy considerations Harvey Applebaum, Covington & Burling : Antitrust/Competition Law Considerations and Trade Law Considerations (MS Word, 3 pages, 32.5KB)( pdf , 12KB) Alberto Heimler (Autorità Garante della Concorrenza e del Mercato, Italy): The pharmaceutical industry and parallel trade (MS Word, 6 pages, 95.5KB)( pdf , 22KB) Session VI — Purchaser Perspectives and Incentives for Differential Pricing This session considered the perspectives of purchasers in high and low income markets and consider their influence on the price of essential drugs. It asked whether differential pricing for low income countries will put downward pressure on prices in industrialized countries even with market segmentation. It considered existing and potential fiscal and other incentives for companies to implement differential pricing.

Score: 1042475.6 - https://www.wto.org/english/tr..._e/hosbjor_presentations_e.htm

  Motherhood wage penalties and labour market segmentation: Evidence from Argentina | Publication | Ec

Motherhood wage penalties and labour market segmentation: Evidence from Argentina | Publication | Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean Skip to main content United Nations Español English Português About ECLAC Executive Secretary Headquarters and offices Library CEPAL Review Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean Menu Home Work areas 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development Gender affairs International trade and integration Economic development Production, productivity and management Social development Sustainable development and human settlements Statistics Planning for development (ILPES) Population and development Natural resources Cooperation Publications Data and statistics Training Press Centre Events Home Work areas 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development Gender affairs International trade and integration Economic development Production, productivity and management Social development Sustainable development and human settlements Statistics Planning for development (ILPES) Population and development Natural resources Cooperation Publications Data and statistics Training Press Centre Events Search About ECLAC Executive Secretary Headquarters and offices Library CEPAL Review ES EN PT You are here Home » Publications » Motherhood wage penalties and labour market segmentation: Evidence from Argentina Available in: English Motherhood wage penalties and labour market segmentation: Evidence from Argentina December 2013 | Regular Publications, Reviews and Bulletins » CEPAL Review Gender affairs Economic development Author: Casal, María del Pilar - Barham, Bradford L. (...) December 2013 Download Publication pdf Description This article explores the connection between labour market segregation and motherhood wage penalties in Argentina across the formal and informal sectors. (...) The finding is that there is strong evidence of labour market segmentation and that motherhood wage penalties differ substantively across the sectors and between different wage quantiles.

Score: 1041558 - https://www.cepal.org/en/publi...egmentation-evidence-argentina

  Workshop on Satellites in IP and Multimedia

Stéphane Germain, Vice President Business Development, EMS Satellite Networks Abstract As a supplier to several satellite operators, and with years of experience from both the space segment and ground segment perspectives, EMS is uniquely positioned in the satellite broadband IP market. Market positioning, segmentation and technology are briefly explored. (...) Finally, key success factors both for satellite operators and the market in general are suggested. Biography Mr. Stéphane Germain, Vice-President at EMS Satellite Networks, is responsible for business development, sales and marketing.

Score: 1041060.4 - https://www.itu.int/ITU-T/work...ellites/200212/germain-s1.html

  ITU WORLD TELECOM 2009 Forum Programme

 ITU WORLD TELECOM 2009 Forum Programme October 07 Wednesday Co-hosted – NGMN 16:30 – 18:00 Session CoNG.4 Room A ITU – NGMN: Mobile Broadband 2010+: Customer Impact Smartphones continue to be the mobile device industry’s fastest-growing market segment, with on average 15 times higher data traffic per device compared to the rest of the market. Meanwhile, new mobile broadband device segments are emerging in Consumer Electronics (CE) equipment and Netbooks. In addition, mobile broadband Machine-to-Machine (M2M) services promise to grow the market even further. In this Session, Senior Management representatives from major device manufacturers provide insights into emerging device platforms, segments and services and the current status of wireless broadband devices.

Score: 1036126 - https://www.itu.int/wftp3/Publ.../E/web/WebSearch/page0087.html