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Knowledge management has had an important impetus through the conclusion of the 14 National Programs and Research and Development Branches (PNCT and PRCYT), of which the results have been included in the Cuban Network of the Technology and Science Pro- grammes Information System (SYPROCYT) and in the MST Digital Depository; the reactivation of the information in the internal information circulation system and the DESERCUBA network, that includes important information generated by the institutions that comprise part of the National Coordination Group for the Combat Against Desertification and Drought; the developments in the studies related to the status of Cuba’s biological diversity and particularly of the dry zone, as well as the degradation of dry lands evaluation systems through the LADA Project. (...) DLDD and SLM monitoring and assessment/research: the DLDD monitoring, assessment and networking system is not properly applied in affected Parties, so to monitor and make a proper assessment and research, an efficient budget allocation should be made. (...) Inadequate coordination and networking monitoring systems. The monitoring system is in- sufficient and so are the means.

Модуль 1: Система связи 1.1 Принципы связи и образования сети 1.1.1 Лекции Обзор телекоммуникаций Принципы теории информации Принципы модуляции и кодирования Микроволновая теория и методы Оптическая связь Принципы создания сети и протоколы 1.1.2 Лабораторные занятия Имитационные эксперименты и эксперименты с материальной частью в системе MATLAB 1.2 Обработка цифрового сигнала 1.2.1 Лекции Сигналы и системы дискретного времени Выборка сигналов постоянного времени Z–преобразование Дискретное преобразование Фурье Расчет дискретных преобразований Фурье Структура дискретных временных систем Методы конструирования фильтров Примеры подсистем на основе процессоров цифрового сигнала (ПЦС) для спутниковой связи A/AC.105/L.239 7 1.2.2 Лабораторные работы/практические занятия Занятия на основе системы MATLAB Модуль 2: Системы спутниковой связи 2.1 Лекции Введение в спутниковую связь Спутниковые орбиты Спутниковые конфигурации Носители и запуск спутников Космическая среда Надежность Спутниковые магистральные подсистемы Аппаратура связи (транспарентность и бортовая обработка) Спутниковые каналы связи Диапазоны частот спутниковой связи Электромагнитная интерференция (ЭМИ), электромагнитная совместимость (ЭМС), радиочастотная интерференция (РЧИ) Эффекты распространения для спутниковых каналов связи 2.2 Эксперименты и демонстрации Расчет параметров связи, в том числе реальных моделей распространения Демонстрационное занятие со спутниковым имитатором Имитирование орбиты и зоны обслуживания Модуль 3: Техническое оснащение наземных станций 3.1 Лекции Наземная станция спутниковой связи – обзор Технология подсистем наземной станции Вопросы конструирования и строительства наземных станций Стандарты наземных станций Проверка наземных станций Надежность наземных станций Эксплуатация и ремонт 3.2 Эксперименты и демонстрации Использование приемопередающих спутниковых терминалов (TX/RX) Модуль 4: Передача, мультиплексирование и многостанционный доступ 4.1 Лекции Методы аналоговой и цифровой модуляции Кодирование упреждающей коррекции ошибок Мультиплексирование/демультиплексирование Методы диффузности спектра Методы многостанционного доступа A/AC.105/L.239 8 4.2 Лабораторные эксперименты Имитирование в системе MATLAB Эксперименты с материальной частью Модуль 5: Вещание с использованием спутников связи 5.1 Лекции Стандарты аналоговых и цифровых радиовещательных систем Цифровое телевидение Спутниковое телевидение и системы доступа Вещание в режиме Интернет–протокола (ИП) Отдельные виды применения, например, Спутниковый сбор новостей (ССН) для радио и телевидения Создание радиосетей Цифровое аудиовещание Передвижная радиовещательная установка Телевизионная студия и ее эксплуатация Телевизионное освещение спортивных мероприятий Многоадресная передача Проведение спутниковых видеоконференций Мультимедийность (видеопрезентация) Видеопрезентация по требованию 5.2 Лабораторные эксперименты и демонстрации Практические эксперименты с телевизионными и ИП–терминалами Модуль 6: Виды применения и тенденции в области спутниковой связи 6.1 Лекции Услуги спутниковой связи Выбор из возможных видов применения спутниковой связи, например: сети терминалов с очень малой апертурой система приема метеорологических данных система распространения новостей и метеорологических данных система сбора данных использование спутниковой связи в преодолении последствий стихийных бедствий система поиска и спасания международная региональная система распространения предупреждений телемедицина система передачи времени и частот Сотовая связь и персональные услуги связи Стратегические системы спутниковой связи Система спутниковой навигации A/AC.105/L.239 9 Система Интернет на основе спутников Мультимедийная широкодиапазонная спутниковая система 6.2 Лабораторные эксперименты и демонстрации Отдельные эксперименты с материальной частью на основе имеющихся установок и оборудования конечного пользователя, а также демонстрация работы систем Модуль 7: Операционные системы спутников связи 7.1 Лекции Обзор операционных систем спутников связи служба фиксированной спутниковой связи (ФСС) система подвижной спутниковой связи (СПСС) радиовещательная спутниковая служба (РСС) мультимедийная радиовещательная служба (МРС) Выбор спутниковой системы оперативной связи Международный союз электросвязи (МСЭ) и другие организации по стандартизации (Международная организация по стандартизации (МОС), Азиатско–тихоокеанский союз электросвязи (АТСЭ), Европейский институт по стандартизации в области электросвязи (ЕТСИ)) Международные нормативные положения Модуль 8: Сетевое планирование/управление/вопросы эксплуатации систем спутниковой связи 8.1 Лекции Технические аспекты сетевого планирования Планирование космического сегмента Планирование наземного сегмента Функционирование и управление сетью Управление операциями спутника связи Координация внутрисистемной/межсистемной интерференции Космическое право Финансовые аспекты спутниковой связи Модуль 9: Спутниковая связь в целях развития, образования и подготовки кадров 9.1 Лекции Спутниковая связь в целях развития, образования и подготовки кадров – общий обзор Региональный опыт, связанный с материальной частью программным обеспечением социальными исследованиями A/AC.105/L.239 10 Местное вещание (телевидение, радио, кабельная сеть) Планирование спутниковой связи в целях развития Спутниковая технология для целей развития, образования и подготовки кадров Оперативные, технические и правовые вопросы в связи с трансграничными каналами для целей развития Опыт пользователей в области проведения телеконференций для целей развития сельских районов Преодоление последствий стихийных бедствий 9.2 Демонстрации на примерах имеющихся систем Модуль 10: Экспериментальные проекты Выбор проекта потребности страны–участника тема, представляющая интерес для участника работа по разработке одногодичного проекта Темы, предлагаемые для проекта подсистемы наземной станции системный анализ для спутника связи конструирование космического аппарата конструирование антенного следа конструирование систем связи сетевое планирование и разработка соответствующего программного обеспечения виды применения телевидения и радио для связи в целях развития экономические аспекты спутниковой связи выбор национальной системы исследование политики A/AC.105/L.239 11 Annex I Curriculum for the first three courses Table Curriculum of the course in satellite communications Module/ submodule Topic Number of 45-minute sessions 0 Orientation course (1 week) 0.1 Introduction to the regional centre 2 0.2 Introduction to activities of the local host institution 2 0.3 Communication skills (oral, written, presentation, group discussion etc.) 24 0.4 Introduction to the host country 6 Geographic perspectives of the host country Social systems and customs Festivals of the host country 0.5 Local language—common phrases in the local language 6 Total 40 1 Communication systems and digital signal processing 1.1 Classroom lectures—communication systems (3 weeks) Telecommunications overview Distribution, traffic, signalling, switching 6 Analog and digital communications systems 2 Long-distance communications 1 Fibre optics technology and applications 4 Data networking 10 Signalling and modulation Local area network (LAN) Wiring plans Data services in public networks Introduction to transmission control protocol/Internet protocol (TCP/IP) Internet Asychronous transfer mode (ATM) Personal communication services 4 Integrated services digital network (ISDN) 3 Packet switching fundamentals 3 Broadband—an overview 3 Protocols 3 Microwave theory and techniques 6 Transmission line parameters (Z, Y, ABCD, S) Waveguide and coaxial components Applications of microwave technology A/AC.105/L.239 12 Module/ submodule Topic Number of 45-minute sessions Introduction to computers 6 Computer architecture Complex instruction set computer (CISC) Reduced instruction set computer (RISC) Parallel processor Input/output (I/O) devices I/O programming I/O controlling Interrupt Direct memory access (DMA) Operating systems Standard operating systems Disc operating system (DOS) UNIX and Linux Windows 95 NT Communication theory and mathematical tools Probability theory and basic statistics 10 Information theory 6 Spherical geometry 1 Linear algebra 4 MATLAB mathematical tools 8 Subtotal 80 1.2 Laboratory sessions Computer 4 MATLAB 8 Microwave measurements 8 Analog and digital modems 4 Fibre optics 8 Subtotal 32 1.3 Classroom lectures—digital signal processing (2 weeks) Discrete time signals and systems 4 Discrete time signals: sequences Discrete time systems Linear time-in variant systems Frequency domain representation of sampling Discrete time signals and systems Representation of sequences by Fourier transform Fourier transform theorems Discrete time random signals Sampling of continuous time signals 6 Periodic sampling Frequency domain representation of sampling Reconstruction of a band limited signal from its samples Discrete time processing of continuous time signals A/AC.105/L.239 13 Module/ submodule Topic Number of 45-minute sessions Continuous time processing of discrete time signals Changing the sampling rate using discrete time processing Practical considerations Z-transform 10 Properties of region of convergence for Z-transform Inverse Z-transform Z-transform properties Inverse Z-transform using contour integration Complex convolution theorem Parseval’s relation Unilateral Z-transform Discrete Fourier transform (DFT) 6 Representation of periodic sequences Discrete Fourier series Properties of discrete Fourier series Fourier transform of periodic signals Sampling of Fourier transform Fourier representation of finite duration sequences Discrete Fourier transform Linear convolution using discrete Fourier transform Computation of discrete Fourier transform 8 Efficient computation of discrete Fourier transforms Goertzel algorithm Decimation-in-time fast Fourier transform (FFT) algorithms Decimation-in-frequency FFT algorithms Implementation of FFT algorithms FFT algorithms for composite N Implementation of DFT using convolution Effects of finite register length in DFT computations Structure for discrete time systems 6 Block diagram representation of linear constant coefficient differential equation Basic structure for infinite impulses response (IIR) systems Basic network structures for finite impulse response (FIR) systems Overview of finite precision numerical effects Effects of coefficient quantization Effects of round-off noise in digital filters Zero input cycles in fixed-point realizations of IIR digital filters Filter design techniques 12 Basic issues in digital filter design IIR filter design Frequency transformation of low-pass IIR filters Design of filters by windowing Optimum approximation of FIR filters A/AC.105/L.239 14 Module/ submodule Topic Number of 45-minute sessions FIR equi-ripple approximation Wavelet transform 2 Examples of DSP-based subsystems for satellite communications 4 Subtotal 58 1.4 Laboratory exercises/tutorial MATLAB-based exercises 10 Design of FIR and IIR filters Implementation of DFT/FFT Examples of DSP-based communication subsystems Familiarization with and implementation of evaluation board 12 FIR and IIR filters Demodulator algorithm Viterbi coding FFT and discrete cosine transform (DCT) Subtotal 22 Totala 192 2 Satellite communication systems (6 weeks) 2.1 Classroom lectures Introduction to satellite communications 4 Evolution of satellite communications Elements of satellite communications Types of satellite orbits Geosynchronous satellite communications Satellite communications services Satellite orbits 4 Launch vehicles and launching of satellites 4 Satellite communications links 4 Frequency bands for satellite communications 2 Propagation effects on satellite communication links 2 Satellite communication techniques 28 Multiplexing techniques 4 Modulation techniques 6 Multiple access techniques 6 Code division multiple access (CDMA) 2 Coding theory and error correction techniques 4 IP over satellite 4 Satellite configurations 2 Space environment 2 Satellite bus subsystems 12 Mechanical structure 2 Attitude and orbit control system (AOCS) 2 Propulsion subsystem 2 Electrical power subsystem 2 Telemetry, tracking and command (TT and C) 2 A/AC.105/L.239 15 Module/ submodule Topic Number of 45-minute sessions Thermal subsystem 2 Communication transponder 2 Communication transponder subsystems 6 Antenna and feed 2 Receiver and transmitter 2 I/O multiplexer 2 Advanced communication transponder on-board processing 4 Integration and testing of communication transponders 2 Integration and testing of satellites 2 In-orbit check out of communication payloads 2 Reliability and space qualifications 2 Reliability of satellite communication payloads 2 EMI, EMC and RFI 2 Electrostatic discharge hazards in satellite communications electronics 2 Life of a satellite 2 Satellite communications (video computer-based teaching (CBT) and tutorials) 28 Subtotal 120 2.2 Experiments/demonstrations Familiarization with measuring instruments 4 Determination of satellite look angles and optimization of Earth station antennas 4 Azimuth and elevation angles X-Y angles Optimization of sense of polarization Measurement of satellite link parameters 8 Total C/kT and down-link C/kT Antenna gain to system noise temperature ratio (G/T) and effective isotropic radiated power (EIRP) Bit error rate (BER) versus C/kT Familiarization with and measurement of satellite transponder characteristics (communication simulator) 4 Familiarization with and operation of single channel per carrier (SCPC), spread spectrum multiple access (SSMA) and time division multiple access (TDMA) equipment 12 Testing of communication transponder subsystems 16 Multiplexer Receiver Power amplifier Antenna and feed Subtotal 48 2.3 Visits to laboratories and other facilities of the host institution 24 Communication payload research and development laboratories Communications techniques laboratories Payload fabrication facility A/AC.105/L.239 16 Module/ submodule Topic Number of 45-minute sessions Environmental test facility Communication system laboratories Remote sensing laboratories Subtotal 24 Totala 192 3 Earth station technology (3 weeks) 3.1 Classroom lectures Satellite communications Earth station—an overview 2 Technology of Earth station subsystems 22 Antenna reflector and mount for large, medium and small Earth stations Feed system for large, medium and small Earth stations Antenna tracking system Low-noise amplifier (LNA) Solid-state power amplifier High-power amplifier (HPA) Frequency converter Modulator and demodulator Encoder and decoder Test-loop translator Electrical power supply system Foresight and rearward link Earth station design considerations 5 Earth station standards EIRP and G/T Antenna size and gain Radiation pattern and antenna coverage Redundancy and reliability Environmental specifications VSAT/mobile/briefcase/hand-held terminals Check out of Earth stations 8 Antenna measurements (farfield, nearfield, anechoic chamber) LNA and G/T HPA and EIRP Frequency converter Test-loop translator Reliability of Earth stations 1 Operations and maintenance of fixed and transportable Earth stations 2 Fabrication techniques 6 Mechanical fabrication techniques Electronics fabrication techniques Microwave integrated circuits (MIC) Subtotal 46 A/AC.105/L.239 17 Module/ submodule Topic Number of 45-minute sessions 3.2 Local visits 24 Department of Telecommunications (DOT) Earth station Department of Electronics (DOE) Software Technology Park Antenna test facility (host institution) MIC facility (host institution) Electronics fabrication facility (host institution) Mechanical fabrication facility (host institution) Subtotal 24 3.3 Experiments/demonstrations Familiarization with Earth station subsystems 4 Testing of Earth station subsystems 24 Testing of feed system Testing of HPA Testing of LNA Testing of frequency converter Testing of antenna tracking system (manual and auto mode) Subtotal 28 Totala 98 4 Broadcasting using communication satellites (3 weeks) 4.1 Classroom lectures Broadcasting system standards 6 Frequency modulation television (FMTV) High-definition television (HDTV) Digital video broadcasting (DVB) Moving Picture Experts Group (MPEG) Digital television (video presentation) 6 Satellite links for TV broadcasting (analog and digital) 2 Frequency bands for satellite broadcasting and national/international regulations 2 Satellite TV and access systems 6 Cable TV Direct broadcasting satellite/direct-to-home (DBS/DTH) Conditional access Network management Satellite news gathering (SNG) for radio and TV 2 Radio networking 2 Digital audio broadcasting 2 Outdoor broadcasting van 2 TV studio and its operations 2 TV coverage of sports 2 Multicasting 2 A/AC.105/L.239 18 Module/ submodule Topic Number of 45-minute sessions Videoconferencing via satellite 2 Multimedia (video presentation) 2 Video on demand 2 Subtotal 42 4.2 Laboratory experiments/demonstrations 48 Familiarization with video baseband systems Measurement of video signal-to-noise (S/N) ratio versus carrier-to- noise (C/N) radio and video threshold Measurement of TV audio S/N Measurement of S/N versus FM deviation Measurement of TV signal parameters using waveform monitor, vectorscope and automated test equipment SCPC/multiple channels per carrier (MCPC) digital TV Determination of transponder operating points for: Single carrier per transponder Multicarrier per transponder Familiarization with radio networking terminals Demonstration of operations of SNG terminals Setting up a TV direct reception system Digital sound and data broadcasting (DSDB) system Multimedia broadcasting/multicasting Subtotal 48 4.3 Local visits 12 TV broadcasting station of Doordarshan Radio networking system of All India Radio (AIR) TV studio of the Development and Educational Communication Unit (DECU) Subtotal 12 Totala 102 5 Applications and trends in satellite communications (3 weeks) 5.1 Classroom lectures Satellite communications services 26 Rural/remote area communications 2 VSAT network 8 Time division multiplexing (TDM)-TDMA SCPC-demand assignment multiple access (DAMA) Remote terminals Hub Network management Meteorological data reception systems (National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), Indian National Satellite System (INSAT)) 2 News and meteorological data dissemination system 2 Data collection system 2 Disaster management using satellite communications 2 A/AC.105/L.239 19 Module/ submodule Topic Number of 45-minute sessions Search and rescue system 2 International Regional (INSAT) Cyclone warning dissemination system 2 Telemedicine 2 Time and frequency transmission system 2 Mobile and personal communication services (IMT-2000, 4G etc.) 8 Strategic satellite communication systems 4 Satellite navigation system 6 Satellite-based Internet system 2 Multimedia broadband satellite system 2 Video CBT and tutorials 14 Subtotal 62 5.2 Laboratory experiments/demonstrations NOAA very high resolution radiometer (VHRR) data reception News and meteorological data dissemination system Search-and-rescue beacon Operations of Global Positioning System (GPS) receiver and INSAT reporting system VSAT terminal and network Data and sound broadcasting system Subtotal 28 5.3 Local visit Press Trust of India (PTI) India Mobile Department (IMD) Airport National Informatics Centre Network (NICNET) Subtotal 16 Totala 106 6 Operational communications satellite systems (1 week) 6.1 Classroom lectures Overview of operational communications satellite systems 8 FSS MSS BSS Broadband multimedia system Operational communications satellite systems 18 International Telecommunication Union and other standardization organizations (ISO, APT, ETSI) 2 International regulations 2 Totala 30 A/AC.105/L.239 20 Module/ submodule Topic Number of 45-minute sessions 7 Network planning/management/operational issues of satellite communications systems (1 week) 7.1 Classroom lectures Technical considerations for network planning 2 Planning for space segment 2 Traffic requirements Options for satellite transponder (coverage, power, bandwidth, bent-pipe/regenerative) Cross-pol isolation and collocated satellites Choice of orbits (geosynchronous Earth orbit (GEO), MEO, LEO) Planning for ground segment 2 Trade-off between space segment and ground segment HPA power and transmit antenna size Off-axis radiation pattern LNA noise temperature and receive Antenna size Cost Network operations and control 2 Management of communication satellite operations 4 Normal operations Operations of satellite control Earth station (tele-command, telemetry, tracking and ranging) Orbit determinations, station keeping and fuel management Sun outage and eclipse operations Loss of lock Intra-system/inter-system interference coordination 4 Space law 2 Financial aspects of satellite communications 2 Totala 20 8 Satellite communications for development, education and training (2 weeks) 8.1 Classroom lectures Satellite communications for development education and training—an overview 4 Indian experience with the Satellite Instructional Television Experiment (SITE), Kneda Communications Project (KCP), Training and Development Communications Channel (TDCC), Jhabua Development Communications Project (JDCP) and University Grant Commission (UGC) 6 Hardware Software Social research Local broadcasting (TV, radio, cable network) 2 Planning for satellite communications for development 4 Research and evaluation Program production for development communications A/AC.105/L.239 21 Module/ submodule Topic Number of 45-minute sessions Hardware Cost Satellite technology for development, education and training 8 Receive system Transmit system Talk-back system DAMA control Value-added services Return video Data broadcasting Internet broadcasting Multimedia broadcasting Two-way videoconferencing Operational, technological and legal issues in transborder channels for development 2 Teleconferencing experiences of users for rural development 4 Disaster management 2 Subtotal 32 8.2 Demonstrations 20 Demonstration of talk-back systems (JDCP and TDCC) Direct reception system (analog and digital) Two-way video conference (Spacenet) 8.3 Field visits 24 Totala 76 9 Pilot project (10 weeks) Project definition Needs of the participant’s country Topic of interest of the participant The work leading towards the one-year project Suggested topics for the project Earth station subsystems Systems analysis for communications satellites Spacecraft design Antenna footprint design Communication systems design Network planning and relevant software development Applications of TV and radio for development communications Economics of satellite communications Domestic system definition Policy research aTotals do not include tests and examinations or library work (see also chap. (...) A/AC.105/L.239 23 Annex III Explanatory notes for the curriculum AIR All India Radio AOCS attitude and orbit control system APT Asia Pacific Telecommunity ATM asynchronous transfer mode BER bit error rate BSS broadcast satellite service CBT computer-based teaching CDMA code division multiple access CISC complex instruction set computer C/kT carrier-to-receiver noise density C/N carrier-to-noise (ratio) DAMA demand assignment multiple access DBS direct broadcasting satellite DCT discrete cosine transform DECU Development and Educational Communication Unit DFT discrete Fourier transform DMA direct memory access DOE Department of Electronics DOS disk operating system DOT Department of Telecommunications DSDB digital sound and data broadcasting DSP digital signal processing DTH direct-to-home DVB digital video broadcasting EIRP effective isotropic radiated power EMC electromagnetic compatibility EMI electromagnetic interference ETSI European Telecommunications Standards Institute FFT fast Fourier transform FIR finite impulse response A/AC.105/L.239 24 FM frequency modulation FMTV frequency modulation television FSS fixed satellite service GEO geosynchronous Earth orbit GPS Global Positioning System G/T antenna gain to system noise temperature ratio HDTV high-definition television HPA high-power amplifier IIR infinite impulse response IMD India Meteorological Department IMT International Mobile Telecommunication INSAT Indian National Satellite System I/O input/output IP Internet protocol ISDN integrated services digital network ISO International Organization for Standardization ITU International Telecommunication Union JDCP Jhabua Development Communications Project KCP Kheda Communications Project LAN local area network LEO low-Earth orbit LNA low-noise amplifier MBS multimedia broadcast service MCPC multiple channels per carrier MEO medium-Earth orbit MIC microwave integrated circuit MPEG Moving Picture Experts Group MSS mobile satellite service NICNET National Informatics Centre Network NOAA National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration OBP on-board processing PTI Press Trust of India RFI radio frequency interference A/AC.105/L.239 25 RISC reduced instruction set computer SCPC single channel per carrier SITE Satellite Instructional Television Experiment S/N signal-to-noise (ratio) SNG satellite news gathering SSMA spread spectrum multiple access TCP/IP transmission control protocol/Internet protocol TDCC Training and Development Communication Channel TDM time division multiplexing TDMA time division multiple access TT and C Telemetry, Tracking and Command TVRO television receive-only system UGC University Grant Commission VHRR very high resolution radiometer VSAT very small aperture terminal

.: General 28 August 2020 Resolution 2538 (2020) Adopted by the Security Council on 28 August 2020 The Security Council, Recalling its previous relevant resolutions and presidential statements addressing issues of peacekeeping and women, peace and security, Recalling the purposes and principles of the Charter of the United Nations, reaffirming the primary responsibility of the Security Council under the Charter of the United Nations for the maintenance of international peace and security, Underscoring the importance of peacekeeping as one of the most effective tools available to the United Nations in the promotion and maintenance of international peace and security, Reaffirming the basic principles of peacekeeping, such as consent of the parties, impartiality, and non-use of force, except in self-defence and defence of the mandate, and recognizing that the mandate of each peacekeeping mission is specific to the need and situation of the country concerned, and that the Security Council expects full delivery of the mandates it authorizes, Recognizing the significance of the 20th anniversary of resolution 1325 (2000) and the 25th anniversary of the Beijing Declaration and Platform for Action as momentum for Member States to commit to implementing the Women, Peace and Security agenda and its priorities, by ensuring and promoting the full, equal and meaningful participation of women in peace processes, including through mainstreaming a gender perspective, and remain committed to increasing the number of civilian and uniformed women in peacekeeping at all levels and in all positions, including senior leadership positions, Recognizing the indispensable role of women in increasing the overall performance and effectiveness of peacekeeping operations, further recognizing that the presence of women and better balance between men and women among peacekeepers contribute to, among others, greater credibility of the missions among the population, more effective community engagement, and enhanced protection responses, S/2020/851 4/6 20-11256 Noting with appreciation the progress made in efforts undertaken by the Secretary-General to mobilize all partners and stakeholders in support of more effective United Nations peacekeeping through the Secretary-General’s “Action for Peacekeeping” initiative, which places high importance on promoting the Women, Peace and Security agenda, alongside advancing political solutions, strengthening protection of civilians, improving the safety and security of peacekeepers, supporting effective performance and accountability, strengthening the impact of peacekeeping on peacebuilding and sustaining peace, improving peacekeeping partnerships, and strengthening the conduct of peacekeeping operations and personnel, Recalling resolution 2242 (2015) and its request that Secretary-General initiate, in collaboration with Member States, a strategy to double the number of women in military and police contingents of United Nations peacekeeping operations by 2020 and further requests that this strategy ensure the full, effective and meaningful participation of women in all aspects of peacekeeping, further recalling the Secretary- General’s System-Wide Strategy on Gender Parity and Uniformed Gender Parity Strategy 2018–2028, and stressing the need to continue the efforts to increase participation of women in peacekeeping operations, Stressing that promoting increased women’s participation in peacekeeping operations requires collective commitment and concerted efforts by all Member States and the United Nations Secretariat, and should be supported with appropriate resources, welcoming continuing efforts and initiatives by Member States and the United Nations Secretariat to increase women’s participation in peacekeeping operations, including by providing uniformed women personnel with equal access to education, training and capacity building, networking opportunities, and taking steps to better understand and address barriers to participation of women in peacekeeping, Recalling its resolution 2242 (2015), recognizing the indispensable role of women in United Nations peacekeeping and welcoming efforts to incentivise greater numbers of women in military, police and civilian deployed in United Nations peacekeeping operations, and noting the importance of increasing the number of women in leadership positions and of ensuring that the needs and participation of women are integrated in all stages of mission planning and implementation through the inclusion of appropriate gender technical expertise, Underscoring the importance it places on the safety and security of peacekeepers, including women peacekeepers, in the field and the need for the Secretary-General and Troop- and Police-Contributing Countries and Member States to work together to ensure that missions are adequately resourced and all peacekeepers in the field are willing, capable and equipped effectively and safely to implement their mandate, 1. (...) Encourages Member States, the United Nations Secretariat and peacekeeping missions to facilitate networking opportunities and develop sustainable networks among former, current and prospective women peacekeepers, as a means to exchange experience and information about participation in peacekeeping operations and to inspire more women to participate in peacekeeping operations; 12.

Activities also include networking, advocacy, research and publications, and consultancies on disaster management related subjects. ____________________________________________________________________ 9. (...) Activities include providing assistance to developing countries through technical training and international flood networking, which aims to mitigate flood damage. ____________________________________________________________________ A/CONF.206/3 10 19. (...) Programmes include research and development activities on emergency communications systems and secure networking, on disaster monitoring management and mitigation by wireless technologies, and on observation on the earth environment and disaster. ____________________________________________________________________ 27.

F C C C /S B I/2 0 2 2 /L .2 3 G E .2 2 -2 5 5 5 4 5 Table 1 Priority area A: policy coherence Activity Responsible entity or entities Timeline Deliverables/outputs Level of implementation A.1 Strengthening coordination of ACE work under the UNFCCC Secretariat Ongoing to COP 31 (2026) Identifying good practices for integrating the six ACE elements into the work of the UNFCCC constituted bodies and reporting thereon in the annual summary report under the Glasgow work programme International Leading: secretariat Contributing: UNFCCC constituted bodies, including the Facilitative Working Group of the Local Communities and Indigenous Peoples Platform, Parties, relevant organizations SB 62 (2025) Organizing a joint session with representatives of the UNFCCC constituted bodies and all work programmes under the UNFCCC at the ACE Dialogue to discuss ways of enhancing understanding of the role of children and youth and indigenous peoples in accelerating ACE implementation and promoting intergenerational knowledge-sharing in the context of their work International A.2 Strengthening integration of ACE into the development and implementation of national climate policies, plans, strategies and action Secretariat Ongoing to COP 31 (2026) Identifying good practices for integrating the ACE elements into national climate change policies, plans, strategies and action, including the considerations reflected in the eleventh preambular paragraph of the Paris Agreement – which, acknowledging that climate change is a common concern of humankind, states that Parties should, when taking action to address climate change, respect, promote and consider their respective obligations on human rights, the right to health, the rights of indigenous peoples, local communities, migrants, children, persons with disabilities and people in vulnerable situations and the right to development, as well as gender equality, empowerment of women and intergenerational equity – in the context of ACE, and reporting thereon in the annual summary report under the Glasgow work programme International Secretariat SB 62 (2025) Holding an interactive workshop at the ACE Dialogue in 2025, and at the regional level on an ongoing basis until COP 31 (2026), on developing and implementing national climate change policies, plans, strategies and action using a clear inclusive, intergenerational and gender-responsive approach International, regional Relevant organizations Ongoing to COP 31 (2026) Facilitating voluntary peer-to-peer exchanges that serve to provide technical and substantive guidance to national ACE focal points for engaging in relevant national processes and policies, such as national ACE strategies, according to national circumstances International, regional F C C C /S B I/2 0 2 2 /L .2 3 6 G E .2 2 -2 5 5 5 4 Table 2 Priority area B: coordinated action Activity Responsible entity or entities Timeline Deliverables/outputs Level of implementation B.1 Enhancing regional cooperation through virtual and in-person regional dialogues, workshops and consultations, prior to the ACE Dialogues, taking advantage of existing forums, such as the regional collaboration centres and regional climate weeks, as appropriate, to enhance implementation of the Glasgow work programme at the regional level as well as local ACE hubs building on local initiatives Leading: relevant organizations, Parties Contributing: secretariat Ongoing to COP 31 (2026) Sharing experience and good practices from virtual and in- person regional dialogues, workshops and consultations prior to the ACE Dialogues, as appropriate Presenting the outcomes of regional activities at the ACE Dialogues and reporting thereon in the annual summary report under the Glasgow work programme and ACE newsletters Regional B.2 Promoting the development of regional and local networks and platforms that support ACE activities at the regional, national and local level, encouraging the involvement of youth, women, academics, children, traditional leaders and indigenous peoples in developing and implementing ACE activities and providing capacity-building in this regard Leading: secretariat Contributing: Parties, national ACE focal points, relevant organizations Ongoing to COP 31 (2026) Increased peer-to-peer exchange among national ACE focal points about ACE activities carried out at the national level through, inter alia, the ACE Dialogues, the regional climate weeks and informal virtual networking meetings organized by the secretariat International, regional Table 3 Priority area C: tools and support Activity Responsible entity or entities Timeline Deliverables/outputs Level of implementation C.1 Building and strengthening the capacity and skills of national ACE focal points Leading: secretariat Contributing: Parties, national ACE focal points, relevant organizations Ongoing to COP 31 (2026) Providing capacity-building opportunities for national ACE focal points, including at the ACE Dialogues and the regional climate weeks International, regional C.2 Meaningfully including youth in and engaging with them on climate action at all levels and facilitating the inclusive participation of, inter alia, children, Relevant organizations, Parties Ongoing to COP 31 (2026) Providing capacity-building opportunities for youth with a focus on decision-making and implementing climate action at the national and international level according to national circumstances International, national F C C C /S B I/2 0 2 2 /L .2 3 G E .2 2 -2 5 5 5 4 7 women, indigenous peoples and persons with disabilities, in climate action, according to national circumstances Leading: secretariat, relevant organizations Contributing: youth and youth organizations Ongoing to COP 31 (2026) Providing opportunities for youth to present at ACE Dialogues and regional climate weeks to highlight the leadership role that youth play in climate action Allowing youth to participate in networking sessions and capacity-building workshops for national ACE focal points International, regional Leading: secretariat Contributing: relevant organizations SB 60 (June 2024) Mapping and collating existing guidelines and good practices in the annual summary report under the Glasgow work programme with respect to child education on and empowerment in climate action, with special consideration given to gender equality and inclusion of persons with disabilities International C.3 Enhancing multilevel action by national ACE focal points and non-Party stakeholders, including representatives of civil society organizations, youth-led and youth-inclusive organizations, community-based organizations, local communities and indigenous peoples Leading: secretariat Providing input: Parties, relevant organizations, multilateral and bilateral financial institutions Ongoing to COP 31 (2026) Reporting in the annual summary report under the Glasgow work programme on the provision of support, including financial support, for the participation of national ACE focal points and non-Party stakeholders, including representatives of civil society organizations and community-based organizations, in international meetings such as the ACE Dialogues and the sessions of the subsidiary bodies and the Conference of the Parties International Leading: secretariat, relevant organizations, multilateral and bilateral financial institutions Contributing: national ACE focal points, UNFCCC constituted bodies SB 60 (June 2024) Organizing an expert-run session on how to write strong project proposals at the ACE Dialogues to support the implementation of ACE activities International Table 4 Priority area D: monitoring, evaluation and reporting Activity Responsible entity or entities Timeline Deliverables/outputs Level of implementation D.1 Strengthening monitoring, evaluation and reporting of the implementation of all six ACE elements Leading: secretariat Contributing: relevant organizations, research community Ongoing to COP 31 (2026) Compiling monitoring, evaluation and reporting best practices and resources and making such information available to Parties for use for their reporting on ACE activities on a voluntary basis, and reporting thereon in the annual summary report under the Glasgow work programme International D.2 Enhancing understanding of what constitutes high-quality and effective evaluation of ACE activities, according to national circumstances Secretariat, Parties, national ACE focal points, relevant organizations, research community Ongoing to COP 31 (2026) Organizing interactive workshops at all levels, including at the ACE Dialogue in 2023, with experts, national ACE focal points, youth leaders and other stakeholders to discuss ways of assessing the effectiveness of ACE implementation International, regional, national F C C C /S B I/2 0 2 2 /L .2 3 8 G E .2 2 -2 5 5 5 4 D.3 Supporting the consideration by the Subsidiary Body for Implementation of the annual summary report to be prepared by the secretariat on progress in implementing activities under the Glasgow work programme Secretariat Ongoing to COP 31 (2026) Holding information sessions prior to the sessions of the Conference of the Parties to present progress in implementing activities under the Glasgow work programme as reported in the annual summary report International Вопросы, связанные с действиями по расширению прав и возможностей для борьбы с изменением климата Проект выводов, предложенный Председателем Рекомендация Вспомогательного органа по осуществлению Проект решения [-/CP.27][-/CMA.4] План действий в рамках Глазговской программы работы в области действий по расширению прав и возможностей для борьбы с изменением климата

REPORT ON THE INDEPENDENT REVIEW OF THE EFFECTIVE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE CLIMATE TECHNOLOGY CENTRE AND NETWORK

REPORT ON THE SECOND INDEPENDENT REVIEW OF THE EFFECTIVE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE CLIMATE TECHNOLOGY CENTRE AND NETWORK

Decides that further implementation of the framework for capacity- building in developing countries should be improved at the systemic, institutional and individual level, as appropriate, by: a) Ensuring consultations with stakeholders throughout the entire process, from the design of clean development mechanism project activities to their imple- mentation; b) Enhancing integration of capacity-building needs relating to the partici- pation in the Kyoto Protocol into national development strategies and plans; c) Increased country-driven coordination of capacity-building activities; d) Strengthened networking and information sharing among developing countries, especially through South-South and triangular cooperation; 6.

A/HRC/29/38/Add.2 6 GE.15-06982 international and regional organizations to meet one another and create and enhance networking opportunities between national rapporteurs and equivalent mechanisms from countries in different regions. 8. (...) Participants called on the Special Rapporteur to continue providing a forum for networking between national rapporteurs and equivalent mechanisms by convening periodic consultative meetings on specific themes. (...) The usefulness and importance of such consultative meetings as a forum for networking, fostering partnership, exchanging information and good practices in combating trafficking in persons between national rapporteurs and equ

Decides that further implementation of the framework for capacity- building in developing countries should be improved at the systemic, institutional and individual level, as appropriate, by: (a) Ensuring consultations with stakeholders throughout the entire process, from the design of clean development mechanism project activities to their imple- mentation; (b) Enhancing integration of capacity-building needs relating to the partici- pation in the Kyoto Protocol into national development strategies and plans; (c) Increased country-driven coordination of capacity-building activities; (d) Strengthened networking and information sharing among developing countries, especially through South-South and triangular cooperation; 6.