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In 1994 health education ceased to be an obligatory subject in the school curricula. Preventive services such as school health services and contraceptive clinics were severely decreased. (...) In 2006 sexuality education as part of health education became again obligatory. Since then Finland has seen a very positive trend both in decreasing numbers of adolescent abortion and teenage delivery rates. 2 According to the experience in Finland, reliable and sufficient sexuality education does not promote promiscuity or encourage young people into early sexual encounters.

Score: 983460.8 - https://www.un.org/en/developm...ountry/agendaitem4/finland.pdf

  Microsoft Word - 6_1_Report Obligation.docx

p=1000:12000:::NO:::  List of Conventions ratified by each country, visit www.ilo.org/normlex, and click “Country profile”  Three types of reports on Conventions and Recommendations, all obligatory under the ILO Constitution.  Reporting on Conventions ratified by your country (ILO Constitution Article 22 – “Article 22 reports”)  Reporting on unratified Conventions and Recommendations (ILO Constitution Article 19(5)(e) and Article 19(6)(d) – “Article 19 report”)  Reporting on submission of ILO Conventions and Recommendations to Parliament (ILO Constitution Article 19(5)(b) and Article 19(6)(b))  Two bodies that deal with reports sent from each country  Committee of Experts on the Application of Conventions and Recommendations (CEACR)  Consisting of independent legal experts (not ILO officials, often judges and professors)  Meets once a year (November – December) to deal with all reports  Issues comments – Observations are more serious  Observations: points of non-conformity, progress in implementation  Direct Requests: Requests for more information  Committee on the Application of Standards (CAS)  A body under the International Labour Conference – Membership is tripartite  Meets during the ILC (June) and discuss based on the report of the CEACR  Serious cases of violation of Conventions (individual cases)  How reporting obligations are fulfilled by countries  Issues Conclusions  What happens if reports are not sent – Countries’ names appear in CEACR and CAS reports  CEACR report: Report III (Part 1A), Part I, Chapter II “Compliance with standards-related obligations” (Look for report 1A in a Collection is available at: http://www.ilo.org/public/libdoc/ilo/P/09661/)  CAS report: Part One, General Report, Section E “Compliance with specific obligations” (Collection is available at: http://www.ilo.org/global/standards/information-resources-and- publications/WCMS_190528/lang--en/index.htm)  Names do not appear right away. (...) Deadline for reporting is between 1 June and 1 September of every year  If a report is not sent, it will be requested in the following year.  Sometimes CEACR requests a special report (out-of-cycle report)  Reports due for a particular year can be checked on the NORMLEX database (visit www.ilo.org/normlex, see under “Country profile”)  Reporting on unratified Conventions and/or Recommendations (“Article 19 report”)  Why report  To promote ratification of Conventions and better implementation of Recommendations as this reporting provides an opportunity to review laws and regulations of your country  The results are compiled into a document called “General Survey”, a useful reference as the Survey explains Conventions or Recommendations in question.  Collection from 1985 available at: http://www.ilo.org/global/standards/information-resources- and-publications/WCMS_164145/lang--en/index.htm  What to report  Laws and practice concerning Conventions unratified by your country and/or any relevant Recommendations (i.e. reporting is obligatory for all countries)  Only one report on a subject matter is requested every year.

Score: 983460.8 - https://www.ilo.org/wcmsp5/gro...s/presentation/wcms_574132.pdf

  PowerPoint Presentation

3 UNECE Commercial Agricultural Quality Standards 4 UNECE Commercial Agricultural Quality Standards • Working Party + Specialized Sections – Dry and Dried Produce – Seed Potatoes – Meat – Fresh Fruit and Vegetables • Equal rights for all UN Member States • 60 years of work 5 UNECE Commercial Agricultural Quality Standards • Fruit, vegetables • Dry produce • Potatoes • Meat • Eggs • Flowers 6 UNECE Commercial Agricultural Quality Standards 2010: FFV Specialized Section – Adopted revised Standard Layout – Aligned/revised 50 standards – 2 sessions that year – Published explanatory brochure Flexible, efficient, effective 7 UNECE Commercial Agricultural Quality Standards Compliance with TBT agreement “Where international standards exist countries shall use them as a basis for their technical regulations except when such standards would be an ineffective or inappropriate means for the fulfillment of the objectives” (TBT, Art. 2.4) 8 UNECE Commercial Agricultural Quality Standards Purpose of standards • Facilitate international trade • Create market transparency • Promote quality agricultural products • Keep unsatisfactory produce out of market • Improve profitability • Protect consumers 9 UNECE Commercial Agricultural Quality Standards UNECE standards are recommendations Obligatory EU Regulations National legislation Voluntary Reference in commercial contracts 10 UNECE Commercial Agricultural Quality Standards Users of standards • Producers • Traders • Consumers • Inspection services 11 UNECE Commercial Agricultural Quality Standards 12 UNECE Commercial Agricultural Quality Standards UNECE and E(E)C 1962 • 21 UNECE standards obligatory for intra- community trade 2008 • 36 UNECE standards in EC regulations 2009 • 10 UNECE standards in EC regulations (specific marketing standards) • General marketing standard (GMS) 13 UNECE Commercial Agricultural Quality Standards GMS sets minimum quality requirements – Intact – Sound; products affected by rotting are excluded – Clean – Free from pests – Free from damage caused by pest – Free of abnormal external moisture – Free of any foreign smell and/or taste No provisions on quality classes 14 UNECE Commercial Agricultural Quality Standards Commission Regulation (EC) No 1580/2007 Where the holder of fruit and vegetables is able to show they are in conformity with any applicable UNECE standard, the product is considered as conforming to the GMS 15 UNECE Commercial Agricultural Quality Standards UNECE and OECD Scheme • Interpreting UNECE standards since 1962 • Drawing up standards until 1996 • Working on inspection methods, sampling, objective tests 16 UNECE Commercial Agricultural Quality Standards OECD Interpretative Brochures “In all classes, subject to the special provisions for each class and the tolerances allowed, the tomatoes must be: - intact:” Tomatoes must not have any mutilation or injury spoiling the integrity of the produce.

Score: 983460.8 - https://unece.org/DAM/trade/ag...11_Thailand/UNECEStandards.pdf

  Microsoft Word - 6_1_Report Obligation.docx

p=1000:12000:::NO:::  List of Conventions ratified by each country, visit www.ilo.org/normlex, and click “Country profile”  Three types of reports on Conventions and Recommendations, all obligatory under the ILO Constitution.  Reporting on Conventions ratified by your country (ILO Constitution Article 22 – “Article 22 reports”)  Reporting on unratified Conventions and Recommendations (ILO Constitution Article 19(5)(e) and Article 19(6)(d) – “Article 19 report”)  Reporting on submission of ILO Conventions and Recommendations to Parliament (ILO Constitution Article 19(5)(b) and Article 19(6)(b))  Two bodies that deal with reports sent from each country  Committee of Experts on the Application of Conventions and Recommendations (CEACR)  Consisting of independent legal experts (not ILO officials, often judges and professors)  Meets once a year (November – December) to deal with all reports  Issues comments – Observations are more serious  Observations: points of non-conformity, progress in implementation  Direct Requests: Requests for more information  Committee on the Application of Standards (CAS)  A body under the International Labour Conference – Membership is tripartite  Meets during the ILC (June) and discuss based on the report of the CEACR  Serious cases of violation of Conventions (individual cases)  How reporting obligations are fulfilled by countries  Issues Conclusions  What happens if reports are not sent – Countries’ names appear in CEACR and CAS reports  CEACR report: Report III (Part 1A), Part I, Chapter II “Compliance with standards-related obligations” (Look for report 1A in a Collection is available at: http://www.ilo.org/public/libdoc/ilo/P/09661/)  CAS report: Part One, General Report, Section E “Compliance with specific obligations” (Collection is available at: http://www.ilo.org/global/standards/information-resources-and- publications/WCMS_190528/lang--en/index.htm)  Names do not appear right away. (...) Deadline for reporting is between 1 June and 1 September of every year  If a report is not sent, it will be requested in the following year.  Sometimes CEACR requests a special report (out-of-cycle report)  Reports due for a particular year can be checked on the NORMLEX database (visit www.ilo.org/normlex, see under “Country profile”)  Reporting on unratified Conventions and/or Recommendations (“Article 19 report”)  Why report  To promote ratification of Conventions and better implementation of Recommendations as this reporting provides an opportunity to review laws and regulations of your country  The results are compiled into a document called “General Survey”, a useful reference as the Survey explains Conventions or Recommendations in question.  Collection from 1985 available at: http://www.ilo.org/global/standards/information-resources- and-publications/WCMS_164145/lang--en/index.htm  What to report  Laws and practice concerning Conventions unratified by your country and/or any relevant Recommendations (i.e. reporting is obligatory for all countries)  Only one report on a subject matter is requested every year.

Score: 983460.8 - www.ilo.org/wcmsp5/grou...s/presentation/wcms_574132.pdf

  Microsoft PowerPoint - vancluysen.ppt [Read-Only]

• Cities organising EMW also have to organise ITWMC • 1 horizontal theme: ACCESSIBILITY ~ 2003 = European Year of People with Disabilities • No other obligatory themes • An activity had to be organised each day of the Week 9 EMW 2003: ACCESSIBILITY Focus an a sustainable mobility catering for ALL people, on a city that is accessible to anyone and welcomes anyone, taking into account specific needs and offering sustainable solutions 10 EMW 2003: ACCESSIBILITY Examples: • Increase access to all transport modes through good and intermodal information provision, e.g. mobility centre • Accessible infrastructure: low floor buses, qualitative cycling infrasture with good signage • Carpool matching services • Accessibility guides for schools, companies, disabled people... • All-in-one tickets for events • Transport on demand for remote areas, etc. 11 EMW 2003: First Results • 715 cities and towns involved in EMW 2003 • = over 100 million citizens addressed • 1480 involved in Car Free Day only • CFD on Monday was extra challenge but not taken up by all 12 EXAMPLES • Scooters for less mobile people in Camden 13 EXAMPLES • Mobility Centre, accesssible PT, mobility card for disabled citizens (Ferrara) 14 EXAMPLES London Borough of Bromley: • Accessibility study of PT facilities in B. • Launch of free regional carpool database at regional business • Public display of cycling with give- aways and information • Free toolkit on travel plans for businesses • Events in the gym to promote walking and cycling 15 EXAMPLES Reykjavik: • Children’s drawing exhibition on transport • Introduction of gas vehicles, ecodriving • New cycling route maps • Presentation of the city’s policy on accessiblity for disabled people • Inauguration of new streets • Presentation new city centre plan & redevelopment • Guided tours around the city 16 EXAMPLES Lund: • Responsible car use • Accessiblity for elderly and disabled people • Access to public tranport • Access for children • Access for pedestrians • Cycling and access to greenways • Access for all 17 EXAMPLES Brussels: • Testing of measures: free minibus between main cultural and commercial areas; changing of driving direction in some streets; broadening of pedestrian crossings • Free bicycle training for bicycle friendly companies; bicycle checks; bicycle tours along Brussels monuments • Presentation of company transport plans • Car Free Sunday: entire region car free, free PT 18 AND MANY MORE 19 EMW 2004 • 16-22 September 2004 • implementation of at least one permanent measure becomes obligatory • ‘Children and Safe Streets’ • World Car Free Day?

Score: 983460.8 - https://unece.org/fileadmin/DA...urban/documents/vancluysen.pdf

  Page 5 - 2015 Security in Telecommunications and Information Technology

The words “shall” or some other obligatory language such as “must” and the negative equivalents are used to express requirements.

Score: 981706.8 - https://www.itu.int/wftp3/Publ...um/files/basic-html/page5.html

  Page 5 - Unleashing the potenti al of the Internet of Things

The words “shall” or some other obligatory language such as “must” and the negative equivalents are used to express requirements.

Score: 981706.8 - https://www.itu.int/en/publica...gs/files/basic-html/page5.html

  Microsoft Word - WTACCAFG19_LEG_4

Obligatory conformity assessment shall be carried out in the forms of: - supplier's declaration; - obligatory certification. 2. (...) Article 19. Obligatory Conformity Assessment 1. Obligatory conformity assessment shall be carried out only in the cases established by appropriate technical regulation, and only for conformity to the requirements of technical regulation. The object of obligatory conformity assessment may be only the product produced or imported for circulation in the territory of Afghanistan. 2.

Score: 981440 - https://www.wto.org/english/th...c_e/afg_e/WTACCAFG19_LEG_4.pdf

  Microsoft Word - WTACCAFG14_LEG_2

Obligatory conformity assessment shall be carried out in the forms of: 8 - supplier's declaration; - obligatory certification. 2. (...) Article 19. Obligatory Conformity Assessment 1. Obligatory conformity assessment shall be carried out only in the cases established by appropriate technical regulation, and only for conformity to the requirements of technical regulation. The object of obligatory conformity assessment may be only the product produced or imported for circulation in the territory of Afghanistan. 2.

Score: 981440 - https://www.wto.org/english/th...c_e/afg_e/WTACCAFG14_LEG_2.pdf

  International Telecommunication Union

Authentication The authentication in the System is ensured by the NGN data transfer environment Single-factor authentication at the System services usage Multi-factor authentication at the System services usage In-person connection to services where personal data with obligatory identification is used. Multi-factor authentication at the System services usage. Obligatory usage of a Hardware Cryptographic Module. (...) The implementation of the Level 3 requirements with the obligatory usage of hardware cryptographic and data security facilities on the Client’s side (Hardware Cryptographic module).

Score: 980662.9 - https://www.itu.int/en/ITU-D/I.../m-Commerce%20presentation.pdf