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Главный плюс таких союзов заключается в том, что они позволяют снизить транзакционные расходы, а главный минус – в том, что 4 RA Mundell, 1961, A theory of optimum currency areas, American Economic Review, 51:657–665. (...) Хотя использованная Роузом методология и вызывает критику некоторых экономистов, позитивное влияние валютных союзов на торговлю подтвержда- ется и в других эмпирических исследованиях, основанных на иных методоло- гиях10, 11, 12, 13. 5 PB Kenen, 1969, The optimum currency area: An eclectic view, in: RA Mundell and AK Swoboda, eds., Monetary Problems of the International Economy, University of Chicago Press, Chicago. 6 R McKinnon, 1963, Optimum currency areas, American Economic Review, 54(3):712–725. 7 P De Grauwe, 2009, Economics of Monetary Union, eighth edition, Oxford University Press, Oxford and New York. 8 P Krugman, 1993, Lessons of Massachusetts for EMU, in: F Torres and F Giavazzi, eds., Adjustment and Growth in the European Monetary Union, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, pp. 241–269. 9 A Rose, 2000, One market, one money: Estimating the effect of common currencies on trade, Economic Policy, 30:9–45. 10 R Glick and A Rose, 2002, Does a currency union affect trade?

They can be joined with most welding methods used for austenitic stainless steels. For optimum weldment properties, however, the welding parameters may have to be modified. (...) The general approach, if optimum weldment properties are required, is to use designed fillers and a joint design that allows the use of filler.

Master Plan for Wide Area A separate committee of ex­ perts is finishing work on a master plan for the whole Jerusalem district, down to the northern edge of Bethlehem. This calls for an optimum pop­ ulation of 500,000 by the year 2010.

A streamlined operating procedure may be developed for the border interchange stations detailing the expected time for each mandated operation and indicating operations that can be carried out in parallel so that the overall time to complete border-crossing formalities and deal with break-of-gauge is minimized. The streamlined operating procedure can be in two parts: one that is general and applicable to all border interchange stations and one that can be tailored to the requirements of individual border crossings. (...) It will help increase the reliability of train operations and optimum utilization of rolling stock. In addition, direct railway connections from gateway ports to the hinterlands are encouraged to reduce overall transport times. (...) Different legal regimes for railway transport contracts Member countries may wish to become Parties to the International Convention on the Harmonization of Frontier Control of Goods (1982), annex 9 of which deals with the facilitation of border crossing procedures for international rail freight.

A streamlined operating procedure may be developed for the border interchange stations detailing the expected time for each mandated operation and indicating operations that can be carried out in parallel so that the overall time to complete border-crossing formalities and deal with break-of-gauge is minimized. The streamlined operating procedure can be in two parts: one that is general and applicable to all border interchange stations and one that can be tailored to the requirements of individual border crossings. (...) It will help increase the reliability of train operations and optimum utilization of rolling stock. In addition, direct railway connections from gateway ports to the hinterlands are encouraged to reduce overall transport times. (...) Different legal regimes for railway transport contracts Member countries may wish to become Parties to the International Convention on the Harmonization of Frontier Control of Goods (1982), annex 9 of which deals with the facilitation of border crossing procedures for international rail freight.

To achieve this, the Preparatory Committee shall allocate two or more half-day meetings to each of the sub-groups to hold their sessions during the period from 7 to 15 October; (f) The results of the work of each negotiating sub-group will be reported to the plenary of the Preparatory Committee not later than on 16 October 2008; (g) The drafting of the declaratory part of the outcome document may take place in parallel to other sections of the document, both as separate negotiating sub-group or within one of the sub-groups, possibly the one that deals with section five. Alternatively, its drafting may be undertaken after the first reading of the five sections of the action-oriented part of the draft outcome document by the Preparatory Committee is completed; (h) The Bureau of the Preparatory Committee may consider respective preparations for the negotiating process, including the drafting of relevant decisions. 11. (...) However, little has changed for those caught up in this sordid trade. Attempts to deal with the human consequences of trafficking have been largely ineffective. (...) Measures of prevention, education and protection aimed at the eradication of racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related intolerance at all levels • Language of DPA 35. The DPA deals with measures of prevention, education and protection.

The references in Paragraph 10, to the recommendations received by the Government of Turkey during the twenty-first session of the Universal Periodic Review (UPR) in relation to human rights situation in Northern Cyprus, is inappropriate as it only serves the political purposes and claims of the recommending countries and creates the impression that Turkey has authority and jurisdiction in Northern Cyprus and uses it to prevent the implementation of human rights. The report deals with human rights situation in Cyprus whereas the cited UPR session deals with human rights situation in Turkey and was not related to Cyprus.

It should accordingly be amended to read: A/HRC/5/19 page 3 “Mandate-holders may resort to urgent appeals in cases of alleged violations of civil, cultural, economic, political or social rights where the alleged violations are time- sensitive and involve loss of life, life-threatening situations, or imminent damage to victims that cannot be addressed in time by the procedure under Article 9.” (v) Article 15 deals with accountability to the Council. This provision should address the responsibilities of the mandate-holders and facilitate the implementation of the code.

The foreign trade and development cooperation policy also deals with climate action and mobilizing the private sector for sustainable and inclusive growth worldwide, as preconditions for future prosperity and development. (...) The National Water Plan specifies the strategies to be pursued with respect to areas particularly abounding in water, such as the Rhine-Meuse delta and the coastal area. It also examines optimum ways to accommodate water in the spatial planning of the Netherlands and the costs involved. 75.