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The five judges who had been sitting on the transitional bench were appointed to the seven-member permanent bench, leaving many with the perception that the Supreme Court was appointed in a politicized manner. 26. (...) Such misinterpretation of the independence of the judiciary needs to be urgently resolved both with regard to the public perception of the judiciary and the internal functioning of the justice system. (...) When selection criteria are objective, clear, based on merit, transparent, and well-publicized, public understanding of the process increases and the perception of unfair selection or appointments can be avoided. 49.

Indicators and Data sources: • Identification of the main changes in the work plan of the CTCN (comparison between the first and second PoW, the annual operational plans and CTCN theory of change) and the main decisions of the COP regarding the CTCN • Listing of recommendations from the different evaluations and identification of answers provided by the CTCN (analysis of the adequate section in the joint annual reports of the TEC and the CTCN as well as Advisory Board presentations on “CTCN Actions in response to review recommendations”) • Flow charts mapping procedures and processes (for technical assistance, network…) • Mapping of linked international climate change policies and comparative matrix for objectives and activities (analysis of other funding documents) • Identification of Non-Annex I countries’ needs for support regarding CC mitigation and adaptation (through preliminary literature review, incl. fourth synthesis report on technology needs, and focus on 5 countries), and comparison with the CTCN services • Global analysis of macroeconomic technological and political context changes (through preliminary literature review and focus on 5 countries) • Perception of partners (Advisory Board, Consortium Partners, etc.) on the program’s relevance in addressing these issues (through interviews and survey) • Perception of NDEs and beneficiaries on the program’s relevance in addressing their needs (through interviews and survey) * Owing to time constraints, the annexes have not been formally edited. (...) FCCC/CP/2021/3 24 GE.21-11478 Indicators and Data sources: • Analysis of monitoring and evaluation related documents (M&E framework, case study from UNEP, annual reports and other reporting documents) • Review of output indicators values and reliability • Quantitative analysis of services provided by the CTCN: TA requests/answers/projects, trainings, events, KMS visits… (via data base analysis) • Thorough analysis of available documents related to a sample of sub-projects (e.g. participants & calendar of events, content of TA, participants and program of trainings, evaluation forms…) • Perception of partners (advisory board, Consortium Partners, etc.) on the program’s deployment and achievement in terms of outputs (through interviews and survey) • Perception of NDEs and beneficiaries regarding the deployment and the usefulness of different services (TA, KMS, training…) (through interviews, surveys and feedbacks) • SWOT analysis of the CTCN services (technical assistance, network…) 3. (...) Indicators and Data sources: • Achievement of outputs given by the answers to the questions related to effectiveness • Quantitative analysis of direct resources and costs: fund raising, expenses, CTC staffs and associated… (through data base analysis) • Ratios between benefits achieved (technology transfers, partnership, trainings, knowledge) and funds disbursed for different activities • Analysis of indirect resources and costs: partners’ contributions, NDEs resources, time consumption for request applicant… (through interviews, surveys and the analysis of a sample of projects) • Simplified benchmarking with comparable initiatives (through interviews with partners and a preliminary literature review): assessment of resources vs. performances, review of the organization and identification of best practices • Perception of partners (advisory board, Consortium Partners, etc.) on the program’s efficiency (through interviews and survey) • Perception of NDEs and beneficiaries regarding the deployment (TA, KMS, training…) (through interviews, surveys and feedbacks) 4.

To their knowledge and perception those who perpetrated the acts were never punished, nor prevented from repeating them.

The Special Rapporteur considers that, despite improvements in the High Council of Judges and Prosecutors, the current position and functions of the Minister of Justice within the High Council may jeopardize the full respect of the independence and impartiality of the judiciary and the perception thereof. Hence, an additional effort would be needed to ensure that the High Council is totally independent from the executive branch, both structurally and functionally. 33. (...) This proximity between judges and prosecutors is a matter of concern in relation to the principles of impartiality and equality of arms and also has an impact on the society’s perception of the judiciary as a whole. As rightly observed by one interlocutor during the mission, “equality of arms needs to be both physical and psychological”. (...) One concern that most lawyers have expressed, as mentioned above (paras. 37-38), relates to their perception that they are not treated at the same level as judges and prosecutors in the daily performance of their duties.

Since the beginning of the 1990s, the number of men-on-men homicide has diminished, while the number of women murdered by men has increased.27 A report on femicide based on information provided by media indicates that in 2010 as many as 127 women were murdered by men.28 Of these, 70 per cent were Italian and 76 per cent of the perpetrators were also Italian.29 This is contrary to the common view that such crimes are committed by foreign men, a perception reinforced by the media. In 54 per cent of the cases of femicide, the perpetrator was either a partner or a former partner and in only 4 per cent of the cases was the perpetrator unknown to the victim. 20.

Articles on the “jamaicanization of crime” or on immigration disparities contribute to that perception. Some media have dispensed cultural racism, creating the notion that Blacks are inferior, crime-prone and crime-ridden. (...) In spite of the negative perception of the media by racial and ethnic minorities, it is worth mentioning that Canada has an institution, the Canadian Radio-Television and Telecommunications Commission that seeks to ensure that “the diversity of Canadian society is reflected fairly and consistently in the programming” and reporting of radio stations and television channels.

The Government of Bangladesh has not legally acknowledged many Rohingyas in the country and plans to relocate existing Rohingya refugees to a southern island to further isolate them from the tourist area of Cox’s Bazar. The general perception seems to be that the Rohingyas mostly entertain a rather conservative understanding of Islam, which raises suspicion against them in parts of the population. (...) Arrests of certain members of human rights organizations that have long existed in Bangladesh, using the Information and Communication Technology Act, have added to the perception of a rapidly shrinking space.

Impartiality, public perception and confidence 37. The Special Rapporteur is concerned at reported instances in which judges appear to have lacked impartiality and shown bias, especially with regard to non-nationals of the United Arab Emirates. Among foreigners residing in the United Arab Emirates, there seems to be a perception that the domestic courts cannot be trusted, and more specifically that judges do not treat nationals in the same way as non-nationals. (...) They are said to be sharing chambers, entering court rooms together and discussing court minutes together, thereby jeopardizing the perception that judges are impartial and that equality of arms between the prosecution and the defence is respected.

The negative public perception relegates most persons with albinism into isolation that ultimately cuts them off from accessing services and locks them in a vicious cycle of poverty. 3.

The Article also has a saving clause that allows restrictions on such freedom and rights as the Parliament deems necessary in the interest of the security of the Federation. The public perception is that the Government has too often availed of the saving clause in the name of national security.