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Although it is positive that criminal penalties have been removed and that in a case reported to the Special Rapporteur a related investigation was discontinued, the civil liability that remains in the law still interferes with the ability to consider historical facts related to past events from a variety of perspectives and express complex narratives about those events. (...) The diversity of perspectives, approaches and views – from avant-garde theatre directors to traditional clergy – and the vibrant debates the Special Rapporteur found in Poland are sources of cultural richness. 44. (...) She has the same concern with regard to sex education, which she understands is offered for only a few hours each year, and in particular regrets that deference is given in this regard to religious perspectives rather than scientific or human rights perspectives.

The Special Rapporteur sought to discuss issues with stakeholders from many diverse backgrounds so as to hear their narratives and understand their perspectives. 6. The Special Rapporteur extends her thanks to the United Nations Office in Belgrade and the United Nations Interim Administration Mission in Kosovo (UNMIK) for their assistance. (...) Perhaps unsurprisingly, narratives and perspectives about heritage were quite dissimilar depending on where they were expressed and by whom. (...) Fortunately, some people in civil society from diverse backgrounds are eager to combat such perspectives. The Special Rapporteur appreciated those who echo such universalist views as “culture can never be divided”.

David Malet, “Why foreign fighters?: historical perspectives and solutions”, Orbis, vol. 54, No. 1اتاــــــر: (49) (2010), p. 101. (...) قد املقاتةون األجاتب ااسالميون السالالق عة وجل اخلصوصق يف كـ ل (58)ل وع حاتسـتان (57)ل والشيشـانق انحتـاد الروسـا (56)ل والبوسـنة واهلرسـع (55)من كوسـو و .(60)يف اجلمكورية العر ية السورية قاتةونل وهم اان ي(59)والعراإل __________ David Malet, “Why foreign fighters?: historical perspectives and solutions”, Orbis, vol. 54, No. 1اتاــــــر: (53) (2010), p. 104. .105املرجي تيسلق الصيحة (54) ينبحا كم عي ةوارة ة كوسو وق سواا يما يتص ااقةيم عو املؤسسات عو السـكانق كمـاا يتوا ـق توا قـاا (55) ودون املساس وضي كوسو و. (1999) 1244تاماا مي قرار إلةن األمن .E/CN.4/1995/29اتار: (56) ــر: (57) Cerwyn Moore and Paul Tumelty, “Foreign fighters and the case of Chechnya: a criticalاتاــــــــــــــــــــــــ assessment”, Studies in Conflict and Terrorism, vol. 31, No. 5 (2008).

.), Human Rights in Africa: Cross-Cultural Perspectives (Washington, D.C., Brookings Institution, 1990). )٤٤( Mutua, “The Banjul Charter” (see footnote 44), p. 350. )٤٥( Wiridu, cited in Mutua, ibid., pp. 348-354. )٤٦( Fernyhough, “Human Rights in Pre-colonial Africa” (see footnote 44), pp. 62.

Scherpe, Claire Fenton-Glynn, Terry Kaan, Eastern and Western Perspectives اط ا على ســبيا املثال (3) on Surrogacy, Intersentia Studies in Comparative Family Law, 2019. .https://www.hcch.net/en/projects/legislative-projects/parentage-surrogacyاط ا (4) A/74/162 19-11987 7/25 سإ مصــــــاحل الطفا الفيــــــلى ب أ صشــــــكا ةلصن يميذا أو هنج ال ــــــغ اواة زات صاصيباح األمغمة البديل أو فا بش ( للجنة قغ الط2013) 14هائمذا أسا اختا القاامب. (...) Scherpe, Claire Fenton-Glynn, Terry Kaan, Eastern and Western Perspectives on Surrogacyاط ا (10) Intersentia Studies in Comparative Family Law, 2019, pp. 487–537 (...) Scherpe, Claire Fenton-Glynn, Terry Kaan, Eastern and Western Perspectives اط ا على ســبيا املثال (33) on Surrogacy, Intersentia Studies in Comparative Family Law, 2019, p. 35–58.

العالمية الجنسانية السياسات أطر تنفيذ أجل من للمرأة، المتحدة األمم وهيئة البريطانية، لها الواج ة اإلنسان حقوق والنهوض المرأة ضد التمييز مجال في المنشورات أحدث قائمة الجنساني؛ العنف من الحماية لموظفي توجي ية ومبادئ دليل • والمجلس األوروبي االتحاد بين مشــــــترك مشــــــروع األشــــــخا ، ضــــــد العنف حظر قانون تنفيذ تقييم • الفساد؛ وماافحة القانون سيادة مجال في البريطاني ــة • ــالـــــ ــقـــــ ــة الـــنشــــــــــــــــرة فـــي مـ ــيـــــ واألمـــن والســــــــــــــــالم الـــمـــرأة عـــن“ Global Sentinel” اإللـــاـــتـــرونـ (https://globalsentinelng.com/2018/01/17/؛) بشــــ ن (2000) األمن مجلس بقرار المتعلقة والحاومي الوطني المســــتويين على الثانية العمل خطة • واألمن؛ والسالم المرأة ــتراتيجية ورقة • ــ ن تقنية اســ ــا اتفاقية إطار في المقدمة القطرية التقارير بشــ ــاال جميع على القضــ أشــ ؛المرأة ضد التمييز (؛2016) نيجيريا االجتماعية، والتنمية المرأة لشؤون االتحادية الوزارة لفائدة • • “Gender and state of finance policies”, Commonwealth Finance Ministers Reference Report؛ • Commonwealth Handbook on Gender Responsive Investments (2013)؛ • “Gender perspectives on the state of finance policies”, Commonwealth Finance Ministers Reference Report, Henley Media Group Ltd. (2011)؛ • “Wielding the mandate rightly: Action toolkit for women in decision making”, published by jENdA, A Journal of Culture and African Women Studies, Issue12 (2008). (...) “المرأة بحقوق المتعلق مابوتو المرأة األنشطة الرئيسية األخرى في المجال ني الصلة والية اتفاقية القضاء على جميع أشكال التمييز ضد ضــــــــــــــفـا مـابوتو بروتواول على للتصــــــــــــــديق واإلعالم اـلدعوة بعـثات • وتنفـيذه علـيه المحلي الطـابع وا األطراف؛ الدول في وصــــــــــــــيــــــاغــــــة مــــــابوتو بروتواول بشـــــــــــــــــــ ن األطراف للــــــدول أوليــــــا دوريــــــا تقريرا 15 في النظر • الختامية؛ المالحظات وحقوق واإلنجابية، الجنســــــــــــية بالحقوق المتعلقة مابوتو بروتواول مواد على عامة تعليقات 4 إعداد • والميرا ؛ والطالق، القانوني، واالنفصال والزواج، البشرية، المناعة نق فيروس سياق في المرأة ــادية للجماعة اإلقليمية العمل خطة وضـــع • األمن مجلس قرار تنفيذ بشـــ ن أفريقيا غرب لدول االقتصـ ؛1325 المتحدة لألمم التابع النزاعـات وأثر المرأة، حقوق بشـــــــــــــــ ن: األطراف الـدول في إقليميــة ومؤتمرات وطنيــة حوارات تنظيم • لغا المرأة؛ حقوق على اإلج اض؛ تجريم وا المرأة حقوق عن المســــؤولة اإلنســــان حقوق لمجلس الخاصــــة اإلجرا ات آليات مع مشــــتراة ةأنشــــط • .2012 لعام أبابا أديس طريق خريطة أساس على لها الواج ة اإلنسان حقوق والنهوض المرأة ضد التمييز مجال في المنشورات أحدث قائمة • «La protection internationale des victimes des violences basées sur le genre: réalité et perspectives»؛ • «Rapport sur le mariage d’enfants dans 10 pays à forte prévalence »؛ • “Lignes directrices sur la violence sexuelle et ses conséquences en Afrique”؛ • «Étude sur la situation des femmes défenseures des droits de l’homme en Afrique»؛ • «Rapport analytique sur les dispositions sexospécifiques discriminatoires et les écarts en matière d’égalité des sexes dans les législations nationales des pays de la Communauté Économique des Etats de l’Afrique de l’Ouest».

(Toshindo, 2005) (co-editor) (in Japanese) Journal Articles and Chapters of Books: “’International Human Rights’ and ‘National Human Rights’ in the Globalization; Their Different Origins and Convergence / Tension in Recent Years”, Horitsu Jiho (Law Journal), Vol. 88, No. 4 (2016), pp. 86-91 (in Japanese) “Perspectives on and Challenges for the Regional Constitutionalization in East Asia”, Asian Law Bulletin, No. 1, forthcoming (in Japanese) “Restructuring the Framework of the Modern International / National Legal Orders in Globalized World; A Reflection Developed through Kadi I case before ECJ”, in: Yuki Asano et al. (...) “Thoughts in the Order at the Time of Surrender and Occupation Control; With Special Reference to the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Kisaburo Yokota in Early Years of the Occupation”, in: Tetsuya Sakai (ed.), Japanese Diplomacy Vol. 3: Thoughts in Diplomacy (Iwanami Shoten, 2013), pp. 203-224 (in Japanese) “2009 Amendments to Immigration Act and ‘Transformation’ of Japanese Immigration Policy; in Lieu of Introduction to Special Feature”, Horitsu Jiho (Law Journal), Vol. 84, No. 12 (2012), pp. 4-9 (in Japanese) “Perspectives for a Regional Human Rights Regime in East Asia; How should Asians Interpret the History of European Regional Constitutionalization”, Nagoya University Journal of Law and Politics, No. 245 (2012), pp. 299-322 (in Japanese) “Multi-layered Fundamental Rights Protection in Integrated Europe from the Japanese Perspective: Introductory Note to Papers presented for a Symposium held in Nagoya, Japan, in November 2010” Vienna Journal on International Constitutional Law, Vol. 5, 2/2011, pp. 156-158 “Universal Periodic Review before the UN Human Rights Council”, in: Kentaro Serita and others (eds.), International Implementation of International Human Rights Law (Courses of International Human Rights Law, Vol. 4) (Shinzansha, 2011), pp. 107-127 (in Japanese) “Individuals as Subjects of International Law; A Review of Theories during Inter-war Period from Japanese Perspective”, Journal of International Law and Diplomacy, Vol.109, No. 2 (2010), pp. 1-21 (in Japanese) “UN Security Council’s ‘Sanctions’ against Individuals and Control over Them through Human Rights Law”, International Affairs, No. 592 (2010), pp. 5-15 (in Japanese) “Human Rights Conditionality in the EU Eastern Enlargement Process; A Catalyst for Constitutionalization?” in: Kiichiro Yagi and Satoshi Mizobata (eds.), Melting Boundaries; Institutional Transformation in the Wider Europe (Kyoto University Press, 2008), pp. 92- 104 “Human Rights Conditionality in the EU Enlargement Process; Its Contents and Functions” in: Legal and Political Aspects of the Contemporary World (Center for Asian Legal Exchange, Nagoya University, 2007), pp. 45-56 “Historical Functions of Monism with Primacy of International Law; A View Based on Japanese Experience during the Early Period of the Allied Occupation”, Japanese Annual of International Law, No.49, 2006 (2007), pp. 1-35 “International Covenants on Human Rights; Application of Human Rights Treaties under the Constitution of Japan”, Jurist, No. 1321 (2006), pp. 10-15 (in Japanese) A/HRC/33/3 17 GE.16-12671 “Composite Function of the Human Rights Committee in the Reporting System; With Special Reference to Drafting History”, in: Nisuke Ando and others (eds.), Challenges and Perspectives for International Organizations in 21st Century; Essays in Honour of Professor Shigeru Kozai on His 70th Birthday (Toshindo, 2004), pp.441-462 (in Japanese) “Status of Foreigners and their Protection by the Home States in Early Modern Europe; Introductory Note to Historical Study in the Modern System of Diplomatic Protection”, in: Haruyuki Yamate and others (eds.), History and Current Situations of Legal Structure of the International Community (Human Rights and Peace in the International Community in 21st Century; Seeking New Developments in International Law; Essays in Memory of Professor Shigejiro Tabata, Vol. 1), pp. 323-356 (in Japanese) “Normativism and the Inter-State Model in Mainstream Concepts of International Responsibility: A Critical Review of the History of Codification” Journal of International Law and Diplomacy, Vol.101, No.1 (2002), pp.16-38 (in Japanese) “The Relevance of Jurisdiction to Deal with the Merits to the Power to Indicate Interim Measures: A Critique of the Recent Practice of the International Court of Justice” in: Nisuke Ando and others (eds.), Liber Amicorum Judge Shigeru Oda (Kluwer, 2002), pp.451-462 (in Japanese) (And more than 30 articles since 1986) A/HRC/33/3 GE.16-12671 18 Mikhail Aleksandrovich Lebedev (Russian Federation) Education: 1972 Graduated from the Moscow State Institute of International Relations (International Law Faculty) 1980 Obtained a Doctor degree in international law 1994 – Advanced training course in the Council of Europe Professional activities: Before 1991 Served in the headquarters of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the USSR/Russia and its missions abroad 1991–1998 Deputy Director, Department for International Humanitarian Cooperation and Human Rights, MFA of Russia 1998–2003 Minister-Counsellor, Embassy of the Russian Federation in Syria 2003–2009 Deputy Director, Department for Humanitarian Cooperation and Human Rights, MFA of Russia 2009–2012 Deputy Permanent Representative of the Russian Federation to the UN Office and Other International Organizations in Geneva (responsible for humanitarian and human rights issues) Human rights activities – national level: 1993 Coordinator, preparatory process for the report of the Russian Federation in accordance with the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights 1994 Coordinator, preparatory process for the report of the Russian Federation in accordance with the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights 1995 Coordinator, preparatory process for the national report of the Russian Federation to the Conference on Refugees and Migrants in the CIS and other countries concerned 1997 Coordinator, preparatory process for the report of the Russian Federation in accordance with the Convention on the Rights of the Child 1992–1999 – member Governmental Interagency Commissions on the Rights of the Child, the Status of Women and Social Issues 1993–1999 – member Board of Trustees, International Non-Governmental Association on the Protection of the Rights of Refugees and Internally Displaced Persons Human rights activities – international level: Expert, member or head of national delegations to more than a hundred of sessions, conferences, workshops and other international events within the framework of the UN, Council of Europe, OSCE, CIS and other fora, including: 1977 UN Conference on Territorial Asylum 1979 UN Conference on Succession of States in Respect to Treaties 1993 World Conference on Human Rights (Vienna Conference) A/HRC/33/3 19 GE.16-12671 1994–1998 Conference, Steering Committee sessions and expert meetings on refugees and migrants in CIS and neighbor States 1995 4th World Conference on Women (Beijing Conference) 1995 Working Group of the Commission on Human Rights on the Right and Responsibility of Individuals, Groups and Organs of Society to Promote and Protect Universally Recognized Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms 1993–1999, 2003–2012 Sessions of the Executive Committee and Standing Committee of the UNHCR 1997–1998 Working Group on the Elaboration of and Optional Protocol to the CRC on the Involvement of Children in Armed Conflict 1997–1999, 2003–1012 IOM Council Sessions 2003–2006 5th and 6th International Conferences on New or Restored Democracies 2003–2009 OSCE Human Dimension Implementation Meetings (Warsaw meetings) 2004–2009 Sessions of the European Committee on Migration 2004–2012 Sessions of the Global Forum on Migration and Development 2005–2009 Sessions of the Council of Europe Committee on National Minorities 2008–2010 1st–17th Rounds of Geneva Discussions on Stability and Security in Transcucasia 2010 4th World Congress against Death Penalty 2011 European Regional Forum on Genocide Prevention 2009–2012 Sessions of the UN Human Rights Council, ILO Administrative Council, International Labour Conference, International Conference of the Red Cross and Red Crescent, WIPO Assembly, Humanitarian forum on Syria etc.

عاو جمموعا البحأ الدوليا Constitutional Law, East European Reviewالرو اايا لصااحيفا عاااو هيئااا حترياار الطب ااا (.1999مني عام )مو كو، Perspectives on European Politics: Journal of Intra-Europeanعااو هيئاا حتريار واحيفا Dialogue 2000)اليدن، هولندا، مني عام.) .Questions of Juvenile Justiceر يس حترير نشر خمتارات CCPR/SP/89 5 GE.18-07172 لفرنسيا[ ]األو : (عونس)ة اض ب ةاشور ونس - ملر ا 1945حزيران/يونيه 1 اتريخ و كان ا الد: وال ربيا الفرنسيا :لغات اللمل الوظ فل احلال ل:/احلاي ا سصب ر ااايس اجملااااس ال ااااق لتحقيااا يفهااادا الثاااور يف اااتاذ بكاياااا ال ااااوم القانونياااا بتاااونس ال اواااماو و واإوالح السيا واالنتقال الدميقراط ونس. (...) ح اآلن: 1996 نيا لاقانون الدوق بشنن التحايالت ال امياا املقارناا ي البحوا الي يفجراا الرابطا األرمشاركت م اهد وليا بشنن حقو اإنسان و شري ات وطنيا. 45لت الي ناو قائمل أبحدث ا سشورات و هذا اجملال: The supremacy of the European Convention on Human Rights: Armenia’s path (The impact of the ECHR on democratic change in the Central and Eastern Europe: Judicial Perspectives), Cambridge University press, 2016. Legal positions of the Constitutional court of Armenia and their implementation (Yerevan, 2016). (...) Kohen (ed.), Secession: International Law Perspectives, Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, 2006, 355– 373, “Le droit coutumier revisité: quelque remarques à propos de l’étude du CICR sur le droit international humanitaire”, in S.

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Consequences of nuclear war: "nuclear w inter" w i l l destroy ^plants, peoples and animals. New Perspectives (H e ls ink i), 14(3), pp. 4-8. 806 صأ6أ w. (...) Buteux» P. 198،4* nuclear winter؛ a skeptical view. International Perspectives (Ottawa), September-October ا9ألة , pp.