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Extended Model Life Tables : Scatter Plots
Back to Extended Model Life Tables
Analyses of Revised UN Model Life Tables
Scatter plots showing relations between different quantities in the revised UN Model Life Tables with superimposed data from 5x5 life tables from Human Mortality Database (www.mortality.org)
CD East_100_5g0_45g15_f
CD East_100_q0_4q1_m
CD North_100_q0_4q1_m
CD South_100_q0_4q1_m
CD West_100_q0_4q1_m
UN Chilean_100_q0_4q1_m
UN Far_East_Asian_100_q0_4q1_m
UN General_100_q0_4q1_m
UN Latin_100_q0_4q1_m
UN South_Asian_100_q0_4q1_m
CD East_100_q0_4q1_f
CD North_100_q0_4q1_f
CD South_100_q0_4q1_f
CD West_100_q0_4q1_f
UN Chilean_100_q0_4q1_f
UN Far_East_Asian_100_q0_4q1_f
UN General_100_q0_4q1_f
UN Latin_100_q0_4q1_f
UN South_Asian_100_q0_4q1_f
CD East_100_5q0_45q15_m
CD North_100_5q0_45q15_m
CD South_100_5q0_45q15_m
CD West_100_5q0_45q15_m
UN Chilean_100_5q0_45q15_m
UN Far_East_Asian_100_5q0_45q15_m
UN General_100_5q0_45q15_m
UN Latin_100_5q0_45q15_m
UN South_Asian_100_5q0_45q15_m
CD East_100_5q0_45q15_f
CD North_100_5q0_45q15_f
CD South_100_5q0_45q15_f
CD West_100_5q0_45q15_f
UN Chilean_100_5q0_45q15_f
UN Far_East_Asian_100_5q0_45q15_f
UN General_100_5q0_45q15_f
UN Latin_100_5q0_45q15_f
UN South_Asian_100_5q0_45q15_f
CD East_100_e0_e60_m
CD North_100_e0_e60_m
CD South_100_e0_e60_m
CD West_100_e0_e60_m
UN Chilean_100_e0_e60_m
UN Far_East_Asian_100_e0_e60_m
UN General_100_e0_e60_m
UN Latin_100_e0_e60_m
UN South_Asian_100_e0_e60_m
CD East_100_e0_e60_f
CD North_100_e0_e60_f
CD South_100_e0_e60_f
CD West_100_e0_e60_f
UN Chilean_100_e0_e60_f
UN Far_East_Asian_100_e0_e60_f
UN General_100_e0_e60_f
UN Latin_100_e0_e60_f
UN South_Asian_100_e0_e60_f
CD East_100_q0_45q15_m
CD North_100_q0_45q15_m
CD South_100_q0_45q15_m
CD West_100_q0_45q15_m
UN Chilean_100_q0_45q15_m
UN Far_East_Asian_100_q0_45q15_m
UN General_100_q0_45q15_m
UN Latin_100_q0_45q15_m
UN South_Asian_100_q0_45q15_m
CD East_100_q0_45q15_f
CD North_100_q0_45q15_f
CD South_100_q0_45q15_f
CD West_100_q0_45q15_f
UN Chilean_100_q0_45q15_f
UN Far_East_Asian_100_q0_45q15_f
UN General_100_q0_45q15_f
UN Latin_100_q0_45q15_f
UN South_Asian_100_q0_45q15_f
CD East_100_e0_5e0_m
CD North_100_e0_5e0_m
CD South_100_e0_5e0_m
CD West_100_e0_5e0_m
UN Chilean_100_e0_5e0_m
UN Far_East_Asian_100_e0_5e0_m
UN General_100_e0_5e0_m
UN Latin_100_e0_5e0_m
UN South_Asian_100_e0_5e0_m
CD East_100_e0_5e0_f
CD North_100_e0_5e0_f
CD South_100_e0_5e0_f
CD West_100_e0_5e0_f
UN Chilean_100_e0_5e0_f
UN Far_East_Asian_100_e0_5e0_f
UN General_100_e0_5e0_f
UN Latin_100_e0_5e0_f
UN South_Asian_100_e0_5e0_f
CD East_100_e0_45e15_m
CD North_100_e0_45e15_m
CD South_100_e0_45e15_m
CD West_100_e0_45e15_m
UN Chilean_100_e0_45e15_m
UN Far_East_Asian_100_e0_45e15_m
UN General_100_e0_45e15_m
UN Latin_100_e0_45e15_m
UN South_Asian_100_e0_45e15_m
CD East_100_e0_45e15_f
CD North_100_e0_45e15_f
CD South_100_e0_45e15_f
CD West_100_e0_45e15_f
UN Chilean_100_e0_45e15_f
UN Far_East_Asian_100_e0_45e15_f
UN General_100_e0_45e15_f
UN Latin_100_e0_45e15_f
UN South_Asian_100_e0_45e15_f
CD East_100_g0_4g1_m
CD North_100_g0_4g1_m
CD South_100_g0_4g1_m
CD West_100_g0_4g1_m
UN Chilean_100_g0_4g1_m
UN Far_East_Asian_100_g0_4g1_m
UN General_100_g0_4g1_m
UN Latin_100_g0_4g1_m
UN South_Asian_100_g0_4g1_m
CD East_100_g0_4g1_f
CD North_100_g0_4g1_f
CD South_100_g0_4g1_f
CD West_100_g0_4g1_f
UN Chilean_100_g0_4g1_f
UN Far_East_Asian_100_g0_4g1_f
UN General_100_g0_4g1_f
UN Latin_100_g0_4g1_f
UN South_Asian_100_g0_4g1_f
CD East_100_5g0_45g15_m
CD North_100_5g0_45g15_m
CD South_100_5g0_45g15_m
CD West_100_5g0_45g15_m
UN Chilean_100_5g0_45g15_m
UN Far_East_Asian_100_5g0_45g15_m
UN General_100_5g0_45g15_m
UN Latin_100_5g0_45g15_m
UN South_Asian_100_5g0_45g15_m
CD East_100_5g0_45g15_f
CD North_100_5g0_45g15_f
CD South_100_5g0_45g15_f
CD West_100_5g0_45g15_f
UN Chilean_100_5g0_45g15_f
UN Far_East_Asian_100_5g0_45g15_f
UN General_100_5g0_45g15_f
UN Latin_100_5g0_45g15_f
UN South_Asian_100_5g0_45g15_f
CD East_100_g0_45g15_m
CD North_100_g0_45g15_m
CD South_100_g0_45g15_m
CD West_100_g0_45g15_m
UN Chilean_100_g0_45g15_m
UN Far_East_Asian_100_g0_45g15_m
UN General_100_g0_45g15_m
UN Latin_100_g0_45g15_m
UN South_Asian_100_g0_45g15_m
CD East_100_g0_45g15_f
CD North_100_g0_45g15_f
CD South_100_g0_45g15_f
CD West_100_g0_45g15_f
UN Chilean_100_g0_45g15_f
UN Far_East_Asian_100_g0_45g15_f
UN General_100_g0_45g15_f
UN Latin_100_g0_45g15_f
UN South_Asian_100_g0_45g15_f
CD East_100_e0_45g15_m
CD North_100_e0_45g15_m
CD South_100_e0_45g15_m
CD West_100_e0_45g15_m
UN Chilean_100_e0_45g15_m
UN Far_East_Asian_100_e0_45g15_m
UN General_100_e0_45g15_m
UN Latin_100_e0_45g15_m
UN South_Asian_100_e0_45g15_m
CD East_100_e0_45g15_f
CD North_100_e0_45g15_f
CD South_100_e0_45g15_f
CD West_100_e0_45g15_f
UN Chilean_100_e0_45g15_f
UN Far_East_Asian_100_e0_45g15_f
UN General_100_e0_45g15_f
UN Latin_100_e0_45g15_f
UN South_Asian_100_e0_45g15_f
CD East_100_5g0_e0_m
CD North_100_5g0_e0_m
CD South_100_5g0_e0_m
CD West_100_5g0_e0_m
UN Chilean_100_5g0_e0_m
UN Far_East_Asian_100_5g0_e0_m
UN General_100_5g0_e0_m
UN Latin_100_5g0_e0_m
UN South_Asian_100_5g0_e0_m
CD East_100_5g0_e0_f
CD North_100_5g0_e0_f
CD South_100_5g0_e0_f
CD West_100_5g0_e0_f
UN Chilean_100_5g0_e0_f
UN Far_East_Asian_100_5g0_e0_f
UN General_100_5g0_e0_f
UN Latin_100_5g0_e0_f
UN South_Asian_100_5g0_e0_f
Legend:
q0 - infant mortality rate 4q1 - age-specific probability of dying from age 1 to age 5 5q0 - age-specific probability of dying from birth to age 5 45q15 - age-specific probability of dying from age 15 to age 60 g0 - logit of infant mortality rate 4g1 - logit of age specific probability of dying from age 1 to 4 5g0 - logit of age-specific probability of dying from birth to age 5 45g15 - logit of age-specific probability of dying from age 15 to age 60 e0 - life expectancy at birth 5e0 - temporary life expectancy between birth and age 5, 5L0 / l0 45e15 - temporary life expectancy between ages 15 and 60, 45L15 / l15 e60 - remaining life expectancy at age 60
Note: UN-MLT 2010 is based on the Coale-Demeny (1983) and UN (1982) model life tables and was extended to cover life expectancy up to 100+
Source: United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2012): United Nations Model Life Tables (UN-MLT 2010).
Language:English
Score: 729519.87
-
https://www.un.org/en/developm...ortality/mlt-scatter-plots.asp
Data Source: un
The objective Algorithm 1 Proposed dynamic resource allocation algo‑ is the RSW length control in order to achieve time‑average rithm for real‑time group broadcasting failure probability minimization subject to queue stabil‑ Initialize: ity, that is: 1: ← 0; 2: [ ] ← 0; 1 −1 3: Decision Action: ∀ [ ] ∈ min ∶ lim ∑ ( [ ]), (3) →∞ Dynamic resource allocation algorithm: =0 1 −1 4: while ≤ do // : operation time subject to lim ∑ [ ] < ∞. (4) 5: Observe [ ]; →∞ ∗ =0 6: ← ∞; 7: for [ ] ∈ do By exploring the trade‑off between utility (i.e., failure 8: ← ⋅ [ [ ]] + [ ] ⋅ [ [ ]]; ∗ probability) and latency, the Lyapunov optimization can 9: if ≤ then ∗ be used for optimizing the time‑average utility function 10: ← ; ∗ subject to stability of the queue [13, 14, 15]. (...) Ac‑ 12: end if 2 cording to [16, 17], the upper bound on the conditional 13: end for Lyapunov drift is as follows: 14: end while where is the probability that a transmitting vehicle Δ( [ ]) = [ ( [ + 1]) − ( [ ])| [ ]] and its interfering vehicles ∈ { , } select the iden‑ tical resource. (...) The pseudo‑code of our proposed method is shown in Al‑ The length of RSW effects the failure probability, , be‑ gorithm 1. From (line 1) to (line 2), the method initializes tween the transmitting vehicle and interference vehicles. the parameters.
Language:English
Score: 728678.3
-
https://www.itu.int/en/publica...2/files/basic-html/page98.html
Data Source: un
.
· Table-based interval division similar to the M-coder
· Scaled probability estimation similar to the M-coder
· Byte-based output in the encoder and byte-based input in the decoder instead the bit-based input and output in the M-coder
· Probability estimation
Totally 40 LPS probability states are used in the coder and they are realize as a markov chain, which allows a table-driven implementation of probability estimation. We recursively define the following set of representative LPS probability states
{
}
39
38
2
1
0
,
,
,
,
p
p
p
p
p
P
L
:
39
,
38
,
3
,
2
,
1
5
.
0
5
.
0
1
8
0
L
=
´
=
=
-
i
p
p
p
i
i
So we have
5
.
0
8
´
=
+
i
i
p
p
. (...) We have the following relationships:
(
)
(
)
(
)
(
)
(
)
(
)
1
3
5
.
0
7
&
7
&
7
&
3
-
³
´
³
>>
-
´
=
´
´
´
=
´
>>
I
MI
p
I
MI
I
MI
i
p
I
MI
p
I
MI
p
I
p
I
i
i
i
i
i
i
The first property allows us to use much less table storage for the interval subdivision, the second and the third relationships allow us to estimate the position of the most significant bit of the current interval without loop.
State
Probability
Next_State_LPS
Next_State_MPS
Switch_MPS
0
0.50000
0
1
1
1
0.45850
0
2
0
2
0.42045
1
3
0
3
0.38555
2
4
0
4
0.35355
2
5
0
5
0.32421
3
6
0
6
0.29730
4
7
0
7
0.27263
5
8
0
8
0.25000
5
9
0
9
0.22925
6
10
0
10
0.21022
7
11
0
11
0.19278
8
12
0
12
0.17678
8
13
0
13
0.16210
9
14
0
14
0.14865
10
15
0
15
0.13631
10
16
0
16
0.12500
11
17
0
17
0.11463
11
18
0
18
0.10511
12
19
0
19
0.09639
12
20
0
20
0.08839
13
21
0
21
0.08105
13
22
0
22
0.07433
14
23
0
23
0.06816
14
24
0
24
0.06250
15
25
0
25
0.05731
15
26
0
26
0.05256
15
27
0
27
0.04819
16
28
0
28
0.04419
16
29
0
29
0.04053
16
30
0
30
0.03716
17
31
0
31
0.03408
17
32
0
32
0.03125
17
33
0
33
0.02866
18
34
0
34
0.02628
18
35
0
35
0.02410
18
36
0
36
0.02210
18
37
0
37
0.02026
18
38
0
38
0.01858
19
39
0
39
0.01704
19
39
0
Table 1: Probability states and its transition rules for probability estimation
2 Table-based interval division
First the interval I is mapped to a quantized value Q, shown as following:
(
)
(
)
(
)
15
&
4
-
>>
=
I
MI
I
Q
.
then the updated I is gotten as following (s denotes the current LPS state):
(
)
(
)
(
)
(
)
(
)
R
I
I
else
R
I
LPS
if
s
I
MI
s
Q
RTAB
R
-
=
=
>>
>>
-
<<
=
3
8
7
&
,
and update the MI(I) lastly:
(
)
(
)
(
)
(
)
-
-
==
<<
+
>>
=
-
)
(
0
)
(
1
&
1
3
I
MI
I
MI
I
if
s
I
MI
LPS
if
Q
State
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
0
132
140
148
156
164
172
180
188
196
204
212
220
228
236
244
252
1
121
128
136
143
150
158
165
172
180
187
194
202
209
216
224
231
2
111
118
124
131
138
145
151
158
165
172
178
185
192
198
205
212
3
102
108
114
120
126
133
139
145
151
157
163
170
176
182
188
194
4
93
99
105
110
116
122
127
133
139
144
150
156
161
167
173
178
5
86
91
96
101
106
112
117
122
127
132
137
143
148
153
158
163
6
78
83
88
93
98
102
107
112
117
121
126
131
136
140
145
150
7
72
76
81
85
89
94
98
103
107
111
116
120
124
129
133
137
Table 2: RTAB(Q, state)
only states from 0…7 is stored because others can be gotten by shift
3 Programs
Data Structure of the encoder:
Unsigned short low=0, range=0xffff;
Int pos=7; //MI(range)-8
Int outstanding=0; //used in the renormalization
Unsigned char store; //store the byte
Encoder: val denotes the input, Pseq denotes the current LPS state
Int temp=(Pseq>>3);
Int sel=(Pseq&7);
Int rLPS=(RTAB[sel][(range>>(pos+4))&15]<<(pos-temp));
Int sLow;
If( val== LPS )
{
Range=rLPS;
pos-=(temp+1);
if((range>>pos)<256)
pos--;
}
Else
{
Range-=rLPS;
sLow=low+rLPS;
if(sLow>pos)<256)
pos--;
}
If(range<256)
{
If( ( (low&255)+range ) > 256 )
{
If((low>>8)==255 )
Outstanding++;
Else
{
If(outstanding)
{
outByte(store);
outByte(0xff, outstanding-1);
} outstanding=1;
Store=low>>8;
}
}
Else
{
If(outstanding)
{
outByte(store);
outByte(0xff, outstanding-1);
}
outByte(low>>8);
outstanding=0;
}
Low<<=8;
Range<<=8;
}
Update the probability estimation
Data structure of the decoder:
Unsigned short sub=readByte(2); //read two bytes from the bitstream
Unsigned short range=0xffff;
Int pos=7; //MI(range)-8
Decoder: val denotes the output, Pseq denotes the current LPS states
Int temp=(Pseq>>3);
Int sel=(Pseq&7);
Int rLPS=(RTAB[sel][(range>>(pos+4))&15]<<(pos-temp));
If( rLPS>sub )
{
val=LPS;
range=rLPS;
pos-=(temp+1);
if((range>>pos)<256)
pos--;
}
Else
{
val=1-LPS;
range-=rLPS;
sub-=rLPS;
If((range>>pos)<256)
pos--;
}
If(range<256)
{
sub<<=8;
range<<=8;
sub+=ReadByte(1); //read a byte as the low byte of sub
}
Update the probability estimation
Reference
[1].
Language:English
Score: 727019.04
-
https://www.itu.int/wftp3/av-a...eo-site/0601_Ban/VCEG-AB08.doc
Data Source: un
Context modeling provides estimates of conditional probabilities of the coding symbols. Utilizing suitable context models, given inter-symbol redundancy can be exploited by switching between different probability models according to already coded symbols in the neighborhood of the current symbol to encode.
2. (...) This is extremely beneficial for symbol probabilities much greater than 0.5, which often occur with efficient context modeling. (...) The provided models serve as a probability estimation of the related bins. After encoding of each bin, the related model will be updated with the encoded binary symbol.
Language:English
Score: 726775.34
-
https://www.itu.int/wftp3/av-a...eo-site/0105_Por/HHI-CABAC.doc
Data Source: un
En conséquence, les conditions sont favorables à la reproduction dans les régions du Baluchistan et probablement s'améliorent dans le Batinah et le Sharqiya à Oman.
(...) BAHREÏN, IRAK, ISRAËL, JORDANIE, KOWEÏT, LIBAN, QATAR, SYRIE et TURQUIE Aucun développement significatif n'est probable.
PAKISTAN De petits effectifs d'adultes sont probablement présents dans le Mekran où une reproduction peut être en cours, ainsi que dans les zones de l'intérieur du Baluchistan. (...) Des prospections sont recommandées dans ces régions.
6
INDE Des adultes isolés sont probablement présents et vont se maintenir dans quelques zones du Rajasthan.
Language:English
Score: 725917.04
-
https://www.fao.org/ag/locusts/common/ecg/1403/fr/DL150f.pdf
Data Source: un
Since the previous Disease Outbreak News published on 27 May 2022 , 270 new probable cases have been reported to WHO, including from four new countries. (...) There are four additional countries that have reported cases which are pending classification and are not included in the cumulative probable case count. Of the probable cases, 45 (5%) children have required transplants, and 18 (2%) deaths have been reported to WHO.
(...) Figure 1. Distribution of probable cases of severe acute hepatitis of unknown aetiology in children by country, as of 22 June 2022 (n=920)
Table 1.
Language:English
Score: 725917.04
-
https://www.who.int/emergencie...outbreak-news/item/2022-DON394
Data Source: un
One symbol does not dominate the probability and the UVLC code forms a poor model of the distribution near the origin. (...) The merged code is able to match the probability distribution both near the origin and asymptotically. (...) At low quantizers the performance of the UVLC coder is limited by the distribution of codeword probabilities. To achieve coding near the entropy limit in these cases, the structure of the code must be modified to enable it to more nearly match the probability distribution of symbols.
Language:English
Score: 725260.1
-
https://www.itu.int/wftp3/av-a...video-site/0008_Por/q15k45.doc
Data Source: un
Also, the time required to complete the exercise is shorter.
5.6 In probability sampling, the units are selected in such a way that each unit (an outlet or a product) has a known non-zero probability of selection. (...) We then go on to consider some non- probability techniques.
Reasons for using non-probability sampling 5.28 No sampling frame is available. (...) So the absence of sampling frames is not a good enough excuse for not applying probability sampling.
5.29 Bias resulting from non-probability sampling is negligible.
Language:English
Score: 724864.65
-
https://www.ilo.org/public/eng...d/cpi/corrections/chapter5.pdf
Data Source: un
"This Phoenician city was probably abandoned during the First Punic War (c. 250"^^ . "This Phoenician city was probably abandoned during the First Punic War (c. 250 B.C.) and as a result was not rebuilt by the Romans. (...) "HTML Summary of #21346 \n\nThis Phoenician city was probably abandoned during the First Punic War (c. 250\n\n" .
Language:English
Score: 724276.95
-
https://en.unesco.org/mediaban...DFNT/mediabank-eprint-21346.nt
Data Source: un
Discarded case
A suspected or probable case for which laboratory testing of lesion fluid, skin specimens or crusts by PCR and/or sequencing is negative for MPXV 3 .
Conversely, a retrospectively detected probable case for which lesion testing can no longer be adequately performed (i.e., after the crusts fall off) and no other specimen is found PCR-positive, would remain classified as a probable case. A suspected or probable case should not be discarded based on a negative result from an oropharyngeal, anal or rectal swab.
1 The person has been exposed to a probable or confirmed monkeypox case.
Language:English
Score: 723830.9
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https://www.who.int/emergencie...xes/monkeypox-outbreak-toolbox
Data Source: un
