These tools are being used at the business level, but generating sustainable production across an industry is also a challenge, which we have found needs additional tools.
(...) More broadly, we all face challenges in relation to improving sustainable production and consumption thematically, say on reducing energy use or greenhouse gas emissions from the big end of town. (...) This is supported by a mandatory energy labelling sys tem which forces the suppliers to declare, on a standardised basis, the energy consumption of their products so that consumers are able to compare them
• These measures have resulted in significant energy savings – for example since labelling requirements and MEPS were introduced, energy consumption of refrigerators and freezers has been reduced by 67%.
Language:English
Score: 1037993.5
-
https://sdgs.un.org/sites/defa...ustralia_consumption_04may.pdf
Data Source: un
These tools are being used at the business level, but generating sustainable production across an industry is also a challenge, which we have found needs additional tools. (...) This is supported by a mandatory energy labelling system which forces the suppliers to declare, on a standardised basis, the energy consumption of their products so that consumers are able to compare them · These measures have resulted in significant energy savings ? (...) is where businesses work together to exchange of wastes, by-products and energy among closely situated industrial enterprises, so that one company?
Language:English
Score: 1004951.4
-
https://sdgs.un.org/statements/australia-9055
Data Source: un
Consumer understanding and awareness of what the label means are prerequisites.
Endorsement labels are a subset of voluntary schemes under which only the best performing products in the marketplace are identified (Ellis, 2007). (...) Labeled products typically represent the top 25% of a product category in the market at the time the specification becomes effective. (...) Adequate market surveillance and enforcement of label schemes is critical. Poor national enforcement of energy labeling and other product rules (e.g., MEPS) facilitates “free-riders” and can undermine other policies and measures.
Language:English
Score: 1001737.9
-
https://sdgs.un.org/sites/defa.../documents/1476background3.pdf
Data Source: un
TRADE, ENVIRONMENT AND DEVELOPMENT ASPECTS OF ESTABLISHING AND OPERATING ECO-LABELLING PROGRAMMES : REPORT
TRADE EFFECTS OF ECO-LABELLING 8- 15
A. Product coverage of eco-labelling schemes 11
B. (...) Market shares of eco-labelled products 30- 35
1. Consumer preferences for eco-labelled 31
products
2. (...) Experience shows that the success of eco-labelling programmes in
terms of number of products using eco-labels and market shares of eco-labelled
products is mixed.
Language:English
Score: 923231.6
-
daccess-ods.un.org/acce...get?open&DS=TD/B/WG.6/5&Lang=E
Data Source: ods
ECO-LABELLING AND MARKET OPPORTUNITIES FOR ENVIRONMENTALLY FRIENDLY PRODUCTS : REPORT / BY THE UNCTAD SECRETARIAT
TD/B/WG.6/2
page 5
I. ECO-LABELLING
A. Introduction
8. Eco-labelling implies the use of labels in order to inform consumers that
a product is determined by a third party to be environmentally more friendly
relative to other products in the same category. (...) In developing countries, where the
domestic market for eco-labelled products is likely to be small, eco-labelling
schemes may be more outward-oriented. (...) The importance of eco-labels in the marketplace varies considerably from
product to product and depends on factors such as consumer concerns about specific
environmental problems as well as producer responsiveness to eco-labelling.21 The
level of thresholds may also influence the market shares of eco-labelled products.
Language:English
Score: 922010.8
-
daccess-ods.un.org/acce...get?open&DS=TD/B/WG.6/2&Lang=E
Data Source: ods
MISLEADING FOOD LABELS : SUBMISSION / BY THE CODEX ALIMENTARIUS COMMISSION
This may be of particular concern
when labels are translated or a product is exported.
(...) Confusion-based misleadingness can often occur on labels that refer to a particular geographic area in the
product name. (...) A picture or image on a food label can also sometimes lead to misleading inferences about an attribute of
a product.
Language:English
Score: 920155.5
-
daccess-ods.un.org/acce...TRADE/WP.6/2005/2/ADD.2&Lang=E
Data Source: ods
REPORT OF THE AD HOC WORKING GROUP ON TRADE, ENVIRONMENT AND DEVELOPMENT ON ITS 1ST SESSION, HELD AT THE PALAIS DES NATIONS, GENEVA, FROM 28 NOVEMBER TO 2 DECEMBER 1994
It was also
observed that both the choice of products to be labelled and the criteria that
a product must meet so as to obtain an eco-label tended to reflect local
environmental conditions. (...) Most eco-labelling schemes utilized a limited life-cycle analysis and
production-and-processing-methods-related criteria (PPMs). (...) Problems could arise when eco-labels were based on production-related criteria
and applied to some highly-traded products such as paper and textiles; the
question of recycled paper and its different implications often depended on
the country in which eco-labelling was applied.
19.
Language:English
Score: 918231.5
-
HTTP://DACCESS-ODS.UN.ORG/ACCE...ET?OPEN&DS=TD/B/41(2)/5&LANG=E
Data Source: ods
GLOBALLY HARMONIZED SYSTEM OF CLASSIFICATION AND LABELLING OF CHEMICALS (GHS) / SUBMITTED BY THE GHS EDITORIAL GROUP
A4.1.3 Exposure assessments for some consumer products are used to determine what information
is included on a label in this type of approach. (...) A4.2.2 An example of risk-based labelling used in the United States Consumer Product Safety
Commission
A4.2.2.1 In general, consumers rely on product labels for information about the effects of a
chemical product. (...) A substance or product under evaluation for chronic hazard labelling for
consumer use in the US must satisfy a two-part test.
Language:English
Score: 918183.8
-
daccess-ods.un.org/acce...AC.10/C.4/2002/16/ADD.7&Lang=E
Data Source: ods
LABELLING OF SMALL PACKAGINGS / TRANSMITTED BY THE EUROPEAN CHEMICAL INDUSTRY COUNCIL (CEFIC)
.
- Labels on some small packagings may be inconsistent with the proper use of the product (...) Products classified as hazardous will usually attract a number of these label elements. (...) Even when reduced labelling is applied to small inner packagings, full
labelling shall however still be applied to an outer layer(s) of that product’s packaging of sufficient size
for that purpose.
11.
Language:English
Score: 917163.8
-
daccess-ods.un.org/acce...=ST/SG/AC.10/C.4/2004/4&Lang=E
Data Source: ods
Environmental labeling schemes
For example, carbon labeling schemes describe the carbon
dioxide emissions created as a by-product of
manufacturing, transporting, and disposing of a consumer
product.
Yellow light:
It is unclear whether labeling can be based on process
and production methods (PPMs) that do not affect the
end characteristics of final products.
(...) Yellow light:
1) Under GATT rules border tax adjustments are possible
for taxes levied directly on products.
2) It is unclear whether adjustment can be made for
taxes on unincorporated input (such as energy) during
the production of goods.
Language:English
Score: 915269.1
-
https://sdgs.un.org/sites/defa...les/publications/132brief1.pdf
Data Source: un
