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  A Roundwood Production Cost Model for Suriname: Model Description and User Guide

A Roundwood Production Cost Model for Suriname: Model Description and User Guide production cost calculation methodology In order to calculate roundwood production costs, it is necessary to identify all the activities required to produce roundwood, collect information about the productivity and cost of each activity and then convert these into a production cost per unit of output (i.e. cubic metre of roundwood). (...) It finishes by discussing the main variables that are likely to affect total production costs. Production cost accounting framework In order to calculate roundwood production costs, it is first useful to have an accounting framework into which the data can be classified for analysis. (...) In such cases, production costs are, therefore, likely to be lower.

Score: 860025 - https://www.fao.org/3/X6826E/X6826E02.htm

  A Roundwood Production Cost Model for Suriname: Model Description and User Guide

A Roundwood Production Cost Model for Suriname: Model Description and User Guide conclusions and recommendations This report has described an accounting framework that can be used to collect cost information about roundwood production in Suriname and a model that can be used to convert this raw data into unit roundwood production costs. It has also shown how total roundwood production cost might be affected by changes in certain key cost variables and assumptions about productivity. (...) In terms of the individual forestry activities, it has shown that skidding and transport costs account for the majority of production costs.

Score: 853765.8 - https://www.fao.org/3/X6826E/X6826E04.htm

  TIERED PRICES (or Di

WHY ARE TIERED PRICES ECONOMICALLY FEASIBLE If we look at what the cost of a product is composed of : 1) The most tiny part (often < 15 %) is represented by the variable costs : * raw materials * packaging * variable utilities * direct labor * container WHY ARE TIERED PRICES ECONOMICALLY FEASIBLE The essence of the cost is represented by non variable costs : Fixed production costs : * Staff * Industrial site management * Supervision * Site utilities * QC / QA * Maintenance * Industrial planning * Depreciation * Industrial engineering R & D Administration costs * Marketing & selling * Administration And The Profit • THESE NON VARIABLE COSTS (INCLUDINGTHESE NON VARIABLE COSTS (INCLUDINGTHESE NON VARIABLE COSTS (INCLUDINGTHESE NON VARIABLE COSTS (INCLUDING PROFITS) CAN BE ARBITRARILY ALLOCATED,PROFITS) CAN BE ARBITRARILY ALLOCATED,PROFITS) CAN BE ARBITRARILY ALLOCATED,PROFITS) CAN BE ARBITRARILY ALLOCATED, WHICH EXPLAINS THE PRICING FLEXIBILITY.WHICH EXPLAINS THE PRICING FLEXIBILITY.WHICH EXPLAINS THE PRICING FLEXIBILITY.WHICH EXPLAINS THE PRICING FLEXIBILITY. N.B.N.B.N.B.N.B. 1) This 1) This 1) This 1) This evolution evolution evolution evolution in in in in the the the the ratio direct ratio direct ratio direct ratio direct / indirect/ indirect/ indirect/ indirect costs is costs is costs is costs is one of one of one of one of the caracteristics the caracteristics the caracteristics the caracteristics of modernof modernof modernof modern economieseconomieseconomieseconomies 2) This trend 2) This trend 2) This trend 2) This trend would still be would still be would still be would still be more important ifmore important ifmore important ifmore important if we were considering we were considering we were considering we were considering distribution distribution distribution distribution costs andcosts andcosts andcosts and taxestaxestaxestaxes 0000 20202020 40404040 60606060 80808080 100100100100 120120120120 Direct Costs Indirect Costs of Production (fixed) Administrative & Marketing Costs R & D PROFIT 0000 20202020 40404040 60606060 80808080 100100100100 120120120120 Industrial Countries Direct Costs Indirect Costs of Production (Fixed) Administrative & Marketing Costs R & D Profit Direct Costs Indirect Costs of Production (Fixed) Administrative & Marketing costs R & D Profit 0000 20202020 40404040 60606060 80808080 100100100100 120120120120 Industrial Countries Developing Countries Direct Costs Indirect Costs of Production (fixed) Administrative & Marketing Costs R & D Profit Indirect Costs of Production (fixed) Administrative & Marketing Costs R & D Profit Direct Costs Direct Costs 0000 20202020 40404040 60606060 80808080 100100100100 120120120120 Industrial Countries Developing Countries Direct Costs Indirect Costs of Production (fixed) Administrative & Marketing Costs R & D Profit Direct Costs Direct Costs Direct Costs Indirect Costs of Production (fixed) Indirect Costs of Production (fixed) Administrative & Marketing Costs R & D Profit 0000 20202020 40404040 60606060 80808080 100100100100 120120120120 Industrial Countries Developing Countries Direct Costs Indirect Costs of Production (fixed) Administra- tive & Marketing Costs R & D Profit Direct Costs Direct Costs Indirect Costs of Production (fixed) Administrative & Marketing Costs R & D Profit Direct Costs Indirect Costs of Production (Fixed) FOR A COMPANY, IT IS POSSIBLE TO A LARGE EXTENT, TO IMPROVE THE GLOBAL PROFITABILITY IN SELLING ADDITIONAL QUANTITIES OF VACCINES AT A PRICE LESS THAN THE « FULLY LOADED COST » THE FINANCIAL LIMITS OF THE SYSTEMTHE FINANCIAL LIMITS OF THE SYSTEMTHE FINANCIAL LIMITS OF THE SYSTEMTHE FINANCIAL LIMITS OF THE SYSTEM Tiered prices Tiered prices Tiered prices Tiered prices have to have to have to have to rely rely rely rely on on on on the the the the existence of a existence of a existence of a existence of a solid marketsolid marketsolid marketsolid market in in in in industrial industrial industrial industrial countries countries countries countries These principles can apply These principles can apply These principles can apply These principles can apply if if if if and when and when and when and when freefreefreefree production production production production capacitiescapacitiescapacitiescapacities do do do do existexistexistexist In all In all In all In all otherotherotherother cases, cases, cases, cases, where where where where building up a newbuilding up a newbuilding up a newbuilding up a new production production production production capacity is necessarycapacity is necessarycapacity is necessarycapacity is necessary, the , the , the , the decisiondecisiondecisiondecision making process is subjectmaking process is subjectmaking process is subjectmaking process is subject to the to the to the to the regularregularregularregular allocation of allocation of allocation of allocation of resourcesresourcesresourcesresources.... And the profitability is generated only when theAnd the profitability is generated only when theAnd the profitability is generated only when theAnd the profitability is generated only when the financialfinancialfinancialfinancial and opportuniy costs and depreciationand opportuniy costs and depreciationand opportuniy costs and depreciationand opportuniy costs and depreciation are are are are coveredcoveredcoveredcovered....

Score: 848576.8 - https://www.wto.org/english/tr...presentations_e/16martin_e.pdf

  Abbreviations

Variable costs = costs that depend on the production volume Fixed costs = costs that do not depend on the production volume Examples of variable costs include the costs of planting material, fertilizers and casual labour for harvesting (for a producer), or the costs of products sourced from farmers, transportation or casual labour for packing (for an exporter). (...) Costs per product/product category If your organization produces or exports various products, your financial records should indicate which costs concern which products (attribution). (...) In such cases, the loss on the by-product should be considered as a cost in the production process of the main product.

Score: 847497.3 - https://www.fao.org/fileadmin/...ocs/Manual_EXP_EN_Module_4.pdf

  Resolution 91 (Minneapolis 1998)

Resolution 91 (Minneapolis 1998) RESOLUTION 91 (Minneapolis, 1998) Cost recovery for some ITU products and services The Plenipotentiary Conference of the International Telecommunication Union (Minneapolis, 1998), considering a) that Resolution 39 of the Plenipotentiary Conference (Kyoto, 1994) endorsed the examination of options for strengthening the financial base of the Union, including reducing costs, more effective allocation of resources, ranking of activities according to the objectives of the strategic plan, wider participation of entities other than Member States and, where appropriate, charging fees for ITU services, particularly where these services are sought on a discretionary basis or to a greater extent than the level of facilities generally provided; b) that recommendation 20 of the ITU-2000 Group recommended that the Council “implement the use, as extensively as possible, of cost recovery for products and services and to consider additional opportunities for cost recovery that might prove promising”; c) that discussions in the ITU-2000 Group focused on the need for the elected officials and the Sector advisory bodies to review their activities and develop groups of products and services which could be subject to improvements in efficiency and cost-recovery mechanisms; d) that solidarity among Member States and Sector Members in sharing equitably in the defrayal of financial obligations should continue to be an important principle for the financial base of the Union; e) that the adoption and implementation of cost recovery for a wide range of products and services within the Union could raise some concerns about the intergovernmental nature of the Union; f) that the Union has developed a contributory system in which some Member States have voluntarily assumed a large share of financial support for the Union’s core activities, from which all Member States benefit, although the importance of those activities may be weighted differently by different Member States, noting a) that the Council has adopted, and is continuing to review and modify, a cost attribution approach to the budget which will enable the full costs of products and services to be identified; b) that this conference has decided to implement operational planning in the General Secretariat and the three Sectors in order to link financial planning and the strategic plan (Resolution 72 (Minneapolis, 1998)); c) the role of the Council in establishing safeguards and controls on income and expenditure when adopting biennial budgets and when reviewing annual operational plans and financial operating reports, recognizing a) that cost-recovery charges for products and services are segregated to the specific product or service, covering only the exact cost of providing the product or service to which they relate, and should not be considered as generating revenue or profit; b) that cost recovery can be a means of promoting efficiency by discouraging unnecessary or wasteful use of products and services, resolves 1 to endorse the use of cost recovery as a means of funding the products and services of the Union for which the cost-recovery approach is adopted; 2 that further application of cost recovery may be considered by the Council, and, if appropriate, implemented: i) for new ITU products and services; ii) for products and services recommended by a conference or assembly of a Sector; iii) in such other cases as the Council may consider appropriate; 3 that when the Council is addressing the application of cost recovery for a particular product or service, the following factors shall be taken into account: i) when a product or service is provided for the benefit of a limited number of Member States or Sector Members; ii) when a product or service is requested to a significantly greater extent by a small number of users; iii) when products or services are requested on a discretionary basis; 4 that cost recovery should be implemented by the Council in a way which: i) ensures that no more than the actual costs of providing products and services are recovered; ii) allows for open and transparent accounting for costs and receipts; iii) provides a means of adjusting the charge for the product or service based on actual expenditure; iv) takes account of the special needs of developing countries, particularly the least developed countries, to ensure that cost recovery is not an impediment to the development of telecommunication services or networks in those countries; v) allows all Member States an adequate level of the product or service free of charge, where appropriate; vi) ensures that charges are not applied to products or services requested prior to the date of the decision by the Council or the Plenipotentiary Conference to apply cost recovery, instructs the Secretary-General in consultation with the Directors of the Bureaux, Member States and Sector Members, 1 to consider and recommend a set of criteria for the application of cost recovery, consistent with, but not limited to, resolves 2, 3 and 4 above; 2 to propose additional products and services to which the cost-recovery approach may be applied, either fully or partially; 3 to propose a clear and consistent methodology for the implementation of cost-recovery charges; 4 to prepare a report for consideration at the 1999 session of the Council, instructs the Council 1 to consider the report of the Secretary-General and adopt criteria for the application of cost recovery in a manner consistent with resolves 2, 3 and 4 above; 2 to consider, on a case by case basis, products and services which meet the criteria referred to above, and decide which products and services should be subject to cost recovery; 3 to develop appropriate charges based on full attribution of the costs of providing the service; 4 to implement appropriate arrangements to meet the needs of developing countries, particularly the least developed countries; 5 to develop accounting and control mechanisms, using appropriate accounting principles, which: i) segregate income and expenditure for the specified product or service, such that these funds cannot be mixed in with general or reserve budget funds; ii) ensure that charges are consistent with, and do not exceed, the actual cost of the product or service; iii) allow for the disclosure of any subsidies from Member State and Sector Member contributions for products or services that are subject to cost recovery; iv) promote efficiency in the delivery of products and services which are subject to cost recovery charges; 6 to amend the Financial Regulations as required in order to enable the implementation of cost recovery and ensure accountability and transparency; 7 to keep the application of cost recovery under review at each Council session, including consideration of whether products and services subject to cost recovery continue to meet the relevant criteria and to act accordingly; 8 to report to the next plenipotentiary conference on action taken to implement this resolution.

Score: 842733.2 - https://www.itu.int/osg/spu/st...lan/2006/ITU-resolution-91.doc

  Cost Recovery for some ITU products and services

Cost Recovery for some ITU products and services PAGE - 4 - Council Working Group for the Elaboration of the Draft Strategic Plan and the Draft Financial Plan, 2008-2011 Document: WG-SP-FP-06/31(Rev.1) 29 August 2006 English 6th MEETING, Geneva, 14 - 15 September 2006 DRAFT Resolution 91 (Rev. Antalya, 2006) Cost Recovery for some ITU products and services The Plenipotentiary Conference of the International Telecommunication Union ( Minneapolis, 1998 ), (Antalya, 2006) considering a) that Resolution 39 of the Plenipotentiary Conference (Kyoto, 1994) endorsed the examination of options for strengthening the financial base of the Union, including reducing costs, more effective allocation of resources, ranking of activities according to the objectives of the strategic plan, wider participation of entities other than Member States and, where appropriate, charging fees for ITU services, particularly where these services are sought on a discretionary basis or to a greater extent than the level of facilities generally provided; b) that recommendation 20 of the ITU‑2000 Group recommended that the Council "implement the use, as extensively as possible, of cost recovery for products and services and to consider additional opportunities for cost recovery that might prove promising"; c) that discussions in the ITU-2000 Group focused on the need for the elected officials and the Sector advisory bodies to review their activities and develop groups of products and services which could be subject to improvements in efficiency and cost‑recovery mechanisms; b) that Council Resolution 1210 instructed the Secretary-General to establish a cost-accounting process that results in the cost of individual ITU projects and activities being identifiable and auditable, essential for the development of an accurate activities-based budget and for implementing cost-recovery; d c) that solidarity among Member States and Sector Members in sharing equitably in the defrayal of financial obligations should continue to be an important principle for the financial base of the Union; e) that the adoption and implementation of cost recovery for a wide range of products and services within the Union could raise some concerns about the intergovernmental nature of the Union; f) d) that the Union has developed a contributory system in which some Member States have voluntarily assumed a large share of financial support for the Union's core activities, from which all Member States benefit, although the importance of those activities may be weighted differently by different Member States, noting a) the Results-Based budgeting concept that has been developed and implemented in connection with the 2006-2007 budget of the Union, in line with Resolution 1216 of Council; b) that the 1998 Plenipotentiary Conference decided to implement operational planning in the General Secretariat and the three Sectors in order to link financial planning and the strategic plan by adopting Resolution 72 (Minneapolis, 1998) which was subsequently amended by the 2002 Plenipotentiary Conference [and this conference]; c) the adoption by Council Decision 535 of a cost allocation methodology which provides accuracy in the cost accounting process and in the allocation of costs to outputs through the design and implementation of a time tracking system, and enables the full costs of activities and outputs to be identified; e ) d) the role of the Council in establishing safeguards and controls on income and expenditure when adopting biennial budgets and when reviewing annual operational plans and financial operating reports, recognizing a) that cost-recovery charges for products and services are segregated to the specific product or service, covering only the exact cost of providing the product or service to which they relate, and should not be considered as generating revenue or profit; b) that cost recovery can be a means of promoting efficiency by discouraging unnecessary or wasteful use of products and services, resolves 1 to endorse the use of cost recovery on a prepaid basis as a means of funding the products and services of the Union for which the cost-recovery approach is adopted; 2 that further application of cost recovery may be considered by the Council, and, if appropriate, implemented: i) for new ITU products and services; ii) for products and services recommended by a conference or assembly of a Sector; iii) in such other cases as the Council may consider appropriate; 3 that when the Council is addressing the application of cost recovery for a particular product or service, the following factors shall be taken into account: i) when a product or service is provided for the benefit of a limited number of Member States or Sector Members; ii) when a product or service is requested to a significantly greater extent by a small number of users; iii) when products or services are requested on a discretionary basis; 4 that cost recovery should be implemented by the Council in a way which: i) ensures that no more than the actual costs of providing products and services are recovered; ii) allows for open and transparent accounting for costs and receipts; iii) provides a means of adjusting the charge for the product or service based on actual expenditure; iv) takes account of the special needs of developing countries, particularly the least developed countries, to ensure that cost recovery is not an impediment to the development of telecommunication services or networks in those countries; v) allows all Member States an adequate level of the product or service free of charge, where appropriate; vi) ensures that charges are not applied to products or services requested prior to the date of the decision by the Council or the Plenipotentiary Conference to apply cost recovery, [vii) allows for the product or service to be benchmarked, against external organizations, with a view to its efficient delivery,] instructs the Secretary-General in consultation with the Directors of the Bureaux, Member States and Sector Members, 1 to continue considering and recommending a set of criteria for the application of cost recovery, consistent with, but not limited to, resolves 2, 3 and 4 above; 2 to propose additional products and services to which the cost-recovery approach may be applied, either fully or partially; 3 to propose a clear and consistent methodology for the implementation of cost-recovery charges; 4 3 to prepare a report for consideration at each annual session of the Council, including further actions which may be required for the implementation of cost recovery; instructs the Council 1 to consider the report of the Secretary-General and adopt criteria for the application of cost recovery in a manner consistent with resolves 2, 3 and 4 above; 2 to consider, on a case by case basis, products and services which meet the criteria referred to above, and decide which products and services should be subject to cost recovery; 3 to develop appropriate charges based on full attribution of the costs of providing the service; 4 to implement appropriate arrangements to meet the needs of developing countries, particularly the least developed countries; 5 to develop accounting and control mechanisms, using appropriate accounting principles, which: i) segregate income and expenditure for the specified product or service, such that these funds cannot be mixed in with general or reserve budget funds; ii) ensure that charges are consistent with, and do not exceed, the actual cost of the product or service; iii) allow for the disclosure of any subsidies from Member State and Sector Member contributions for products or services that are subject to cost recovery; iv) promote efficiency in the delivery of products and services which are subject to cost recovery charges; 5 to ensure that any shortfall of income is properly managed, in reviewing annually the actual performance of activities subject to cost recovery so that timely corrective measures can be taken as appropriate; 6 to improve the forecasting of cost recovery income by using the Results-Based budgeting framework, time-tracking sytem and cost allocation methodology; 6 7 to amend the Financial Regulations as required in order to enable the implementation of cost recovery and ensure accountability and accuracy; 7 to keep the application of cost recovery under review at each Council meeting, including consideration of whether products and services subject to cost recovery continue to meet the relevant criteria and to act accordingly; 8 to report to the next subsequent Plenipotentiary Conference on action taken to implement this resolution. ____________

Score: 842632.2 - https://www.itu.int/osg/spu/st...91-cost-recovery-29-aug-06.doc

  Microsoft Word - Decree No 9-2009 On Regulation on Inspection Charges Levied on Imported Goods.doc

Microsoft Word - Decree No 9-2009 On Regulation on Inspection Charges Levied on Imported Goods.doc YSMO Regulation on Inspection charges levied on imported goods No. section Custom item Commodity Group Item Description acco unt unit charges Fils/ YR from to 1 2 2.01 2.10 Meat and fish and their products Meat and its products kg 0.40 2 3 3.01 3.07 Fish and crustaceans and their products Fish and fish products kg 0.40 3 4 4.01 4.05 Dairy products Dairy products kg 0.50 4.06 Cheese kg 0.70 4.07 4.08 Eggs and their products kg 0.50 4.09 Honey kg 0.85 4.10 Other products kg 0.50 4 7 7.01 7.14 Edible vegetables Vegetables kg 0.35 5 8 8.01 8.14 Edible fruits Fruits kg 0.35 6 9 9.01 9.10 Coffee, tea, Coffee, spices and condiments kg 0.60 9.02 - condiments, spices, Tea kg 0.25 7 10 10.01 10.08 Grain Wheat and mixture of wheat and rye, barley, oats, corn, rice, beans, black wheat, millet,, birds beans, etc - cost of fixed category to be applied 8 11 11.01 11.09 mills Products mills Products kg 0.20 9 12 12.01 12.14 Oil seeds and fruits Seeds( Soya beans, peanuts, coconut pulp, linen, sunflower, sesame, flour and semolina seed, seeds and fruits used in perfumes kg 0.70 10 15 15.02 15.22 Oils and fats and their products Greases and oils and vegetable fats and animal products kg 0.22 11 16 16.01 16.05 Aquatic Products Crustoceans and fish products, meat and invertebrates kg 0.40 12 17 17.01 17.02 Sugar Products(sweets) Sugar cane or beet sugar and chemically pure sucrose, and other types of sugar (maltose) kg cost of fixed category to be applied 17.03 - Molasses (molasses) kg 0.70 17.04 - Sugar confectionery (candy and soft, halva, candles kg 0.60 17.04.1 - Gum kg 0.75 13 18 18.01 18.06 Cocoa and products Cocoa and products kg 0.80 14 19 19.01 19.05 Products based on grain or flour, starch or milk Pastes, powders, biscuits, and Weaver, pastries, corn flakes kg 0.80 15 20 20.01 20.06 Vegetable and fruit products Other products from vegetables or fruit and fruits, and parts of plants preserved by vinegar or otherwise kg 0.40 20.07 - Jam, Marmalade, Fruit puree kg 0.50 20.08 - Fruit, nuts, and parts kg 0.40 20.09 - fruit and vegetable Juice kg 0.35 16 21 21.01 - Coffee and tea concentrates and its products kg 0.60 21.02 - Yeast powder kg 0.50 21.03 - Sauce products and ingredients, mixed seasoning kg 0.40 21.04 - Miscellaneous food products Flour and powdered mustard, and their products. kg 0.50 21.05 - Iced products kg 0.40 21.06 - Other food products ( cream caramel, food powder, supplementary children foods) kg 0.50 17 22 22.01 Natural mineral water, soft drinks and vinegar and its alternatives Mineral water, soft drinks with no sugar and flavors kg 0.20 22.02 Water minerals, carbonated, unsweetened, and unflavored ,sweetened and flavored soft drinks kg 0.25 22.09 Vinegar and its edible alternatives kg 0.40 18 23 23.01 23.09 Animal food Animal fodder and animal food made from flour and plants…etc kg 0.10 19 24 24.01 Tobacco and its products Raw tobacco or unprocessed tobacco kg 0.60 24.02 24.03 Cigarettes, cigar, other typed made from tobacco and its alternatives kg 1.00 20 25 25.01 Mineral products salt kg 0.30 25.02 25.30 Other metal products ( cement, lime and mica etc. - cost of fixed category to be applied 21 26 26.01 26.21 Metal ores Metal ores and concentrates, its remnants, impurities and ashes( zinc, titanium, chrome etc..), - cost of fixed category to be applied 22 27 27.01 27.08 Fuel and mineral oil Briquette, gas coal etc kg cost of fixed category to be applied 27.09 27.10 Oil, oil from mineral products, Bituminous minerals, raw or un-raw and its products - 0.50 27.11 27.16 Petroleum jelly, petroleum gases, oil tar etc.. - cost of fixed category to be applied 23 28 28.01 28.53 Non-organic chemical products and organic and non- organic compounds - cost of fixed category to be applied etc. 24 29 29.01 29.42 Organic chemical products, - cost of fixed category to be applied 25 31 31.01 31.05 fertilizers Fertilizers ( from animal or plant origin, nitrogen, phosphate or potassium based) mineral or chemical kg 0.20 26 32 32.01 32.15 Paints, coloring, tanning, dying and inks Paint and varnish, putty, and printing inks…etc kg 0.75 27 33 33.01 33.04 Materials and Cosmetics Perfumes, oils, perfume mixtures and cosmetic kg 1.50 33.05 33.06 Hair care products, mouth and teeth kg 1.20 33.07 Products used before, during and after shaving and deodorant kg 1.50 28 34 34.01 34.07 except 34.02 Soaps and detergents Soap, lubricating products, synthetic candles for lighting, detergents, polishers in the form of spreads and paste kg 0.50 34.02 Manufactured detergents (washing preparations) kg 0.60 29 35 35.01 35.07 Albuminoidal substances, modified starches, gluten, enzymes Glue, enzymes, bomin and its salts and derivates kg 0.60 30 36 36.05 Safety matches Safety matches kg 0.75 31 37 37.01 37.07 Product of Photography and Film Cardboard sheets, textile, and chemical products for photography etc. kg cost of fixed category to be applied 32 38 38.01 38.24 Miscellaneous chemical products Graphite, washing solvent, resin acid, pesticides, rodent killers , anti weed compounds..etc kg cost of fixed category to be applied 38.14 Organic solvents and compound thinners kg 0.75 38.19 38.20 Hydraulic brake fluids and transformation of movement and anti-freezing kg 0.50 33 39 39.01 39.26 Plastics and affiliated industries Polymers ( ethylene, propylene, styrene, vinyl acetate, acrylics, Pipes, tubes, hoses, fittings, - cost of fixed category to be applied 34 40 40.01 40.17 Products (natural - Sheets - Sheet - renew - residues and - cost of fixed category to Rubber and its industrial products scraps and wastes - composite and other forms) of rubber, threads, pipes, tubes, gloves be applied 40.11 40.13 Tires 1.50 35 41 41.01 41.15 Leather Raw leather or suede or equipped kg 0.50 36 42 42.01 42.06 Leather product Leather (Bags of all kinds - Bags - Wallets - Clothing and accessories dresses - Other products ....) of leather or renew leather kg 0.75 37 43 43.01 43.04 Fur and leather products: natural or artificial Fur skins (raw - tanned - Equipped - Clothes and supplies for dresses) and their products natural or artificial kg 0.60 38 44 44.01 44.21 Timber and its industrial products Timber and its industrial products - cost of fixed category to be applied 39 45 45.01 45.04 Cork and its manufactures Cork (natural - raw - prepared - waste - crushed - powder - - cost of fixed category to blocks - boards - plates) and its products be applied 40 47 47.01 47.07 Pulp of wood, fibrous cellulosic material Pulp (wood mechanism - chemical wood - wood and chemical mechanism - waste and waste paper and cardboard - materials for the fibrous - cost of fixed category to be applied 41 48 48.01 48.23 except 48.18 Paper and paperboard and its manufactures Paper (for printing and writing, Carbon paper, cellophane, Kraft, books, cigarettes, wax, engineering drawing, carburetor self) boxes and bags and packages kg 0.30 48.18 Toilet paper - tissues - blankets and towels for desks and tables - towels and healthy raincoats - diapers - and the linings of children and health related items - clothing and accessories kg 1.20 42 50-63 50.01 63.10 Spinning and weaving products Includes all products, yarn and textile industries - garments and accessories - Textiles - Yarns of all kinds - carpets and floor coverings - blankets - traveling rugs - packing bags - cost of fixed category to be applied - Woven drink - stuffing the Felt - curtains - furniture - textile fibers ... etc 43 64 64.01 64.06 Shoes and the like and parts Shoes (plastics - Rubber leather or composition leather - textile materials ... etc) and its parts kg 0.60 44 65 65.01 65.07 Headgear and its parts Hats and headgear caps - cost of fixed category to be applied 45 66 66.01 66.03 Umbrellas (rain and sun) and sticks Umbrellas for (rain- sun) - sticks - and its parts - cost of fixed category to be applied 46 67 67.02 Artificial flowers and leaves Flowers, leaves and artificial fruits and its parts - cost of fixed category to be applied 47 68 68.01 68.03 Articles of stone or cement Paving stones, paving roads - cost of fixed category to be applied 68.04 Cutting and grinding stones kg 0.85 68.05 68.15 Powders or granules of material provoking natural or artificial pregnant - Articles of cement, stone or plaster ... friction tools - cost of fixed category to be applied 48 69 69.01 69.05 Ceramic products Bricks and blocks and Tiles and tiles and pieces of pottery, brick building, brick ... etc kg 0.15 69.06 Pipes and tubes, and its links and its parts of ceramic kg cost of fixed category to be applied 69.07 69.08 Ceramic products (tiles - tiles) and similar items 0.30 69.09 69.14 Ceramic products (wash basins - Sinks - Sinks and rules - utensils and tableware, kitchen or home - statues - Equipment and varieties of laboratories) 0.40 49 70 70.01 70.20 Glass products Glass and mirrors (flat - Drawn - blown - polished - engraved - Pierced - Insulator, etc. ... bottles and bottles and Jugs and pipes - products and tools are made of glass ... etc. - cost of fixed category to be applied 50 71 71.01 71.17 Expensive metals , jewelry and precious metal Pearl - diamond - gemstones or semi-precious - silver - gold platinum – jewels, jewelry ... etc - the Regulation of standards and jewelry to be applied 51 72 72.01 72.29 Iron ,and steel Primary products of iron in the - cost of fixed form of granules or powder products, flat-rolled bars and rods, and the corners and bars and rods, angles category to be applied 52 73 73.01 73.26 Iron made products Pillars and corners, and supplies for bars rails iron or steel - bridges and parts of bridges - Tanks, drums and tanks - receptacles for compressed or liquefied gas - wire - ropes - and cable - screws - nuts - cost of fixed category to be applied 53 74 74.01 74.19 Copper and its products Copper (half the stuff - pure - not pure - copper alloys - waste and scrap – key alloys - chips and powders) - cost of fixed category to be applied 54 75 75.01 75.08 Nickel and its products Nickel (half-raw - raw - felted - waste and scrap - chips and powder) ... etc - cost of fixed category to be applied 55 76 76.01 76.16 Aluminum and its products Aluminum (raw - scrap and waste - powders and flakes) tableware - cost of fixed category to be applied 56 78 78.01 78.06 Lead and its products Lead and its products - cost of fixed category to be applied 57 79 79.01 79.07 Zinc and its products Zinc and its products - cost of fixed category to be applied 58 80 80.01 80.07 Tin and its products Tin and its products - cost of fixed category to be applied 59 81 81.01 81.13 Other base metals, metal alloys, ceramics and cermets its manufactures Tungsten - - tantalum - magnesium - cobalt - manganese - titanium ...) and their products - cost of fixed category to be applied 60 82 82.01 82.15 Tools, and cutting and table tools of ordinary base/ metal Shovels - mattocks - shovels - hand saws - files - pliers - cutters screws - wrenches,. etc. - cost of fixed category to be applied 61 83 83.01 82.11 Miscellaneous types of base / ordinary metal Locks - bolts – to fix furniture and doors - Cabinets - Safe boxes of files - bells, and bells - pipes and tubes - plugs and covers ...etc - cost of fixed category to be applied 62 84 84.01 84.78 Boilers, machinery, equipments, machine tools and its parts Boilers and equipment to assist them used to generate the generator - turbines - combustion engines - pumps - fans refrigerators - freezers - heaters - sprinklers - washing machines - extinguishers ... etc - cost of fixed category to be applied 84.23 weight, counting & adjustment equipment, and balance adjustment - the Regulation of standards to be applied 63 85 85.01 85.48 Machinery and electrical equipment Electric motors and generators - electric transformers - electrical apparatus for domestic use - hanger combustion and parts - electric transformers - vacuum cleaners - electronics for domestic use - phones - cameras - TV …etc - cost of fixed category to be applied 64 87 87.01 87.05 Automotive, its parts and its fittings Small vehicles, medium and light transport and trucks and buses (used and new) - the fee of transport means list to be applied 87.06 87.08 Structures and hulls and parts and accessories for vehicles - cost of fixed category to be applied 87.11 87.14 Motorcycles and ordinary two-wheeled carts and the disabled and their parts and fittings - cost of fixed category to be applied 87.15 Children transporting vehicles - cost of fixed category to be applied 65 90 90.01 90.14 Tools and equipment for optics, photography and measurement Lenses, sunglasses, their parts and cameras - cost of fixed category to be applied 90.15 90.17 Measurement tools for space, dimensions and weights - the regulation of standards to be applied 90.17 90.24 90.25 90.26 Measure tools for density, pressure and humidity - the regulation of standards to be applied 90.28 90.32 Counters for gases and liquids, electricity, cars and spaces and their parts and fittings - the regulation of standards and jewelry to be applied 66 95 95.01 95.03 Toys & community games for entertainment and sports Bicycles, vehicles and models of entertainment and children's toys with engine or by other means - cost of fixed category to be applied 67 96 96.01 96.17 Miscellaneous manufactured articles Cosmetics (for nails - toilet and clean brushes for shoes and clothing - buttons staplers - pens - combs - fasteners hair - scent receptacles dielectric buffer ... etc.) - cost of fixed category to be applied Fixed categories No.

Score: 837888.2 - https://www.wto.org/english/th...e/yem_e/WTACCYEM33A2_LEG_1.pdf

  Global Production wi

Hence, fixed costs and larger variable production costs abroad are similarly important barriers to foreign production. (...) Having its production plants in place, the firm selects, for each product and market, the production location that can supply that market at the minimum cost. (...) The firm selects a set of production locations based on its core productivity level, φ, its fixed cost draws, η, and its country of origin, i.

Score: 835871.9 - https://www.wto.org/english/ne.../rese_12sep13_paper1_e.htm.pdf

  Microsoft Word - Start Your Waste Recycling Business Business Manual Final. 031207.doc

They have not yet calculated what it costs them to produce the products. As a result they cannot complete all the sections of the price form now. (...) Advertising spells out the advantages of using a certain product or service. In most cases, advertising comes at a cost. (...) After the training the group completed the necessary forms with the assistance of the same ministry, paid the required fee of ZWD5, 000. This cost of registration was included in the cost of their products.

Score: 833183.2 - www.ilo.org/wcmsp5/grou...tionalmaterial/wcms_114978.pdf

  A Roundwood Production Cost Model for Suriname: Model Description and User Guide

A Roundwood Production Cost Model for Suriname: Model Description and User Guide A Roundwood Production Cost Model for Suriname: Model Description and User Guide           Table of Contents SURINAME MINISTRY OF NATURAL RESOURCES with FOOD AND AGRICULTURE ORGANIZATION Project GCP/SUR/001/NET Forestry Advisory Assistance to the Ministry of Natural Resources in Suriname A Roundwood Production Cost Model For Suriname: Model Description And User Guide by Adrian Whiteman, FAO, Rome,   July 1999   This report is one of a series of reports produced during the course of a two-month assignment (during October and November 1998) as International Consultant (Forest Economics) to the FAO project GCP/SUR/001/NET, funded by the Government of the Netherlands. The International Consultant wishes to acknowledge the help and co-operation given by staff of the State Forest Service ( LBB ), the Foundation for Forest Management and Production Control ( SBB ) and others in the forestry sector in Suriname with the completion of this work. (...) Table of Contents Introduction production cost calculation methodology Production cost accounting framework Calculation of roundwood production cost Sensitivity analysis calculation of roundwood production cost The scale and location of a typical forest operation in Suriname Data used in the harvesting cost model for a typical forest operation Results conclusions and recommendations Interpreting the results Refining and updating the analysis References

Score: 831916.2 - https://www.fao.org/3/X6826E/X6826E00.htm