Self-administration studies indicate that the abuse liability of pure nicotine is weaker than the addictive potential of tobacco products in humans.
2. (...) Dose-dependency of development of nicotine addictiveness
In humans, there are little data available on pure nicotine use. (...) BACKGROUND Some 72-92% of adult cigarette smokers meet the criteria for dependence1. While nicotine is recognised as an addictive substance in the tobacco leaf, the risk of addiction to pure nicotine products is very low compared to cigarettes1.
Language:English
Score: 1885050.6
-
https://www.who.int/fctc/treaty_instruments/SCENIHR.pdf
Data Source: un
Available at: http://content.healthaffairs.org/content/24/6/1601.full
7) Connolly GN (1995), “The marketing of nicotine addiction by one oral snuff
manufacturer,” Tobacco Control, 4(1): 73-79. (...) Available at: http://tobaccocontrol.bmj.com/content/11/suppl_1/i32.full.pdf
14) Ferris Wayne G, Connolly GN. (2004), “Application, function, and effects of
menthol in cigarettes: A survey of tobacco industry documents,” Nicotine & Tobacco Research, (1):S43 - S54
15) Gray NJ and Henningfield JE (2004), “A long-term view of harm reduction,”
Nicotine and Tobacco Research, 6:759-764.
16) Henningfield JE and Djordjevic M (2004), “Menthol cigarettes, research needs and
challenges,” Nicotine and Tobacco Research, 6 (Supplement 1): S11-S16. (...) “Risks associated with smoking cigarettes with low-
machine measured yields of tar and nicotine.” Smoking and Tobacco Control Monograph No. 13. 2001.
Language:English
Score: 1689141.8
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https://www.who.int/fctc/treat...nstruments/selectedcources.pdf
Data Source: un
According to the terminology used in reports submitted to the COP, the leading novel and emerging nicotine and tobacco products can be classified in three broad categories: electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS) [1] , electronic non-nicotine delivery systems (ENNDS) and heated tobacco products (HTPs). (...) FCTC/COP6(9), Electronic nicotine delivery systems and electronic non-nicotine delivery systems, 2014
3. FCTC/COP/7/11, Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems and Electronic Non-Nicotine Delivery Systems (ENDS/ENNDS).
Language:English
Score: 1550938.7
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https://www.who.int/fctc/media...-nicotine-tobacco-products/en/
Data Source: un
Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems and Electronic Non-Nicotine Delivery Systems (ENDS/ENNDS)
Global
Regions
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When autocomplete results are available use up and down arrows to review and enter to select.
(...) All ENDS (but not ENNDS) contain nicotine. Electronic cigarettes, the most common prototype, are devices that do not burn or use tobacco leaves but instead vaporise a solution the user then inhales. The main constituents of the solution, in addition to nicotine when nicotine is present, are propylene glycol, with or without glycerol and flavouring agents.
Language:English
Score: 1525629.3
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https://www.who.int/news/item/...-delivery-systems-(ends-ennds)
Data Source: un
Celebrities and social influencers – Reject offers of “brand ambassadorship” and refuse any form of sponsorship by nicotine and tobacco industries.
Social media companies – Ban advertising, promotion and sponsorship by the nicotine and tobacco industries and prohibit influencer marketing of tobacco or nicotine products.
(...) Parents and relatives – Educate children and adolescents on the harms of nicotine and tobacco product use and empower them to reject industry manipulation.
(...) Schools – Raise awareness of the dangers of initiating nicotine and tobacco product use, adopt tobacco and e-cigarette free campuses, refuse any form of sponsorship by the nicotine and tobacco industries, and prohibit representatives from nicotine and tobacco companies from speaking at school events, school camps, etc.
Language:English
Score: 1521309.3
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https://www.who.int/campaigns/...obacco-day-2020/call-to-action
Data Source: un
Some products claiming to be nicotine-free (ENNDS) have been found to contain nicotine.
(...) Where economically feasible, governments should also consider promoting nicotine replacement therapies and non-nicotine pharmacotherapies for cessation.
(...) Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems and Electronic Non-Nicotine Delivery Systems (ENDS/ENNDS).
Language:English
Score: 1518554.8
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https://www.who.int/news-room/...wers/item/tobacco-e-cigarettes
Data Source: un
Media Briefer
Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems and Electronic Non-Nicotine Delivery Systems
(ENDS/ENNDS)
Report by WHO
This report is produced by experts from the World Health Organization (WHO) for COP7,
the governing body of the WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (WHO FCTC).
(...) The scope of the research
It includes updates on scientific and research data on evidence of the health impacts on
Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems and Electronic Non-Nicotine Delivery Systems
(ENDS/ENNDS). (...) All ENDS (but not ENNDS) contain
nicotine. Although generally considered a single product class, these products constitute a
diverse group with potentially significant differences in the production of toxicants and
delivery of nicotine.
Language:English
Score: 1517459.4
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https://www.who.int/fctc/media...a-briefings/m-b-ENDS-ENNDS.pdf
Data Source: un
Electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) or electronic nicotine delivery systems
Global
Regions
WHO Regional websites
Africa
Americas
South-East Asia
Europe
Eastern Mediterranean
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When autocomplete results are available use up and down arrows to review and enter to select.
(...) The main constituents of the solution, in addition to nicotine when nicotine is present, are propylene glycol, with or without glycerol and flavouring agents. (...) Subscribe to our newsletters →
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Language:English
Score: 1515274.9
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https://www.who.int/news/item/...onic-nicotine-delivery-systems
Data Source: un
“Measurements of tar and nicotine yields using the FTC method do not offer smokers meaningful information on the amount of tar and nicotine they will receive from a cigarette. (...) Cigarette yields of tar and nicotine and
markers of exposure to tobacco smoke. (...) NCI, October 2001.
(16) Jarvis MJ, Boreham R, Primatesta P, Feyerebend C, Byrant A. Nicotine yield
from machine-smoked cigarettes and nicotine intakes in smokers: evidence from a representative population study.
Language:English
Score: 1514883
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https://www.who.int/fctc/treat...nstruments/ArtElevenSACSix.pdf
Data Source: un
Total nicotine measures the entire amount of nicotine in a product regardless of its
ionic form. The un-ionized form of nicotine is more readily absorbed in the body. With the total levels
of nicotine and pH, the levels of un-ionized nicotine can be determined. (...) "Surveillance of smokeless tobacco nicotine, pH, moisture, and unprotonated nicotine
content."
Language:English
Score: 1510869.9
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https://www.who.int/fctc/cop/cop7/FCTC_COP_7_9_EN.pdf
Data Source: un
