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  Page 60 - ITU Journal, ICT Discoveries, Volume 3, No. 1, June 2020 Special issue: The future of vide

They might look the system gave realistic sensations to a fair number either higher (like the objects are floating) or lower of people. (...) The “Realistic” responses show that the performer looked as if he was really in the 5. (...) A total of 98 relevant Useful I want to watch Sumo on this. responses interviewed by the exhibitors were Realistic Looks as if he’s really there. collected through the exhibition, and 20 of them Realistic It’s too real it’s scary. were useful for evaluating the system.

Score: 956101.7 - https://www.itu.int/en/publica...1/files/basic-html/page60.html

  WHO | Human resource management interventions to improve health workers' performance in low and midd

WHO | Human resource management interventions to improve health workers' performance in low and middle income countries: a realist review Access Home Alt+0 Content Alt+2 Search Search Submit Language عربي 中文 English Français Русский Español Menu Global Health Workforce Alliance About the Alliance Members & partners Country responses Knowledge centre Media centre Global Forums Human resource management interventions to improve health workers' performance in low and middle income countries: a realist review Case study Authors : Marjolein Dieleman, Barend Gerretsen, Gert Jan van der Wilt Publication details Number of pages : 13 Publication date : 2009 Languages : English Downloads English This review suggest that applying a realistic perspective to published research on the performance of health workers not only identifies the effectiveness of intervention to improve the health worker’s performance but also provides a better understanding of the mechanisms on how these interventions work under different sets of circumstances and contexts in which different group of health workers operate. Applying a realistic perspective to HRH evaluation and reviews could be valuable in transferability of results.

Score: 921456.3 - https://www.who.int/workforcea...hrmanagement_hwperformance/en/

  ITU Advance Level Strategic Training on Cost Modeling and Pricing for Quad-Play Next Generation Acce

In this first part the scenario is explained and the cost model is introduced. 1530-1545 COFFEE BREAK 1545-1700 Session 3B: PRACTICAL EXERCISE ON QUAD-PLAY COSTING USING THE NEXT-GENERATION ACCESS NETWORK TRAINING COST MODEL Objective: A hypothetical but realistic scenario in which an over-the-top service provider seeks access to an incumbent's broadband access network.  (...) Tuesday 7th October (Day-2) 0900-1030 Session 3C: PRACTICAL EXERCISE ON QUAD-PLAY COSTING USING THE NEXT GENERATION ACCESS NETWORK TRAININGCOST MODEL Objective: A hypothetical but realistic scenario in which an over-the-top service provider seeks access to an incumbent's broadband access network.  (...) In this first part the parties prepare their offers based on defined commercial objectives and business modelling. 1530-1545 COFFEE BREAK 1545-1700 Session 5B: PRACTICAL EXERCISE ON QUAD-PLAY NEGOTIATION Objective: A hypothetical but realistic scenario in which an over-the-top service provider seeks to negotiate a quad-play offer with non-dominant fixed and mobile operators. 

Score: 921298.6 - https://www.itu.int/en/ITU-D/R...14/Namibia_costing/Agenda.aspx

  ITU Advance Level Strategic Training on Cost Modeling and Pricing for Quad-Play Next Generation Acce

Group worksheets for Practical Exercise 1 and ITU NGA training cost model 1530-1545 COFFEE BREAK 1545-1700 Session 3B: PRACTICAL EXERCISE ON QUAD-PLAY COSTING USING NEXT-GENERATION ACCESS NETWORK TRAINING COST MODEL Objective: A hypothetical but realistic scenario in which an over-the-top service provider seeks access to an incumbent's broadband access network.  (...) Tuesday 7th October (Day-2) 0900-1030 Session 3C: PRACTICAL EXERCISE ON QUAD-PLAY COSTING USING NEXT GENERATION ACCESS NETWORK TRAINING COST MODEL Objective: A hypothetical but realistic scenario in which an over-the-top service provider seeks access to an incumbent's broadband access network.  (...) In this first part the parties prepare their offers based on defined commercial objectives and business modelling. 1530-1545 COFFEE BREAK 1545-1700 Session 5B: PRACTICAL EXERCISE ON QUAD-PLAY NEGOTIATION Objective: A hypothetical but realistic scenario in which an over-the-top service provider seeks to negotiate a quad-play offer with non-dominant fixed and mobile operators. 

Score: 921298.6 - https://www.itu.int/fr/ITU-D/R...14/Namibia_costing/Agenda.aspx

  Microsoft Word - Agenda Namibia_Final.docx

In this first part the scenario is explained and the cost  model is introduced.  1530‐1545  COFFEE BREAK  1545‐1700  Session 3B: PRACTICAL EXERCISE ON QUAD‐PLAY COSTING USING NEXT‐GENERATION ACCESS  NETWORK  COST MODEL  Objective: A hypothetical but realistic scenario in which an over‐the‐top service provider seeks  access to an incumbent’s broadband access network.  (...) Tuesday 7th October (Day‐2)  0900‐1030  Session 3C: PRACTICAL EXERCISE ON QUAD‐PLAY COSTING USING NEXT GENERATION ACCESS  NETWORK COST MODEL  Objective: A hypothetical but realistic scenario in which an over‐the‐top service provider seeks  access to an incumbent’s broadband access network.  (...) In this first part the  parties prepare their offers based on defined commercial objectives and business modelling.  1530‐1545  COFFEE BREAK  1545‐1700  Session 5B: PRACTICAL EXERCISE ON QUAD‐PLAY NEGOTIATION  Objective: A hypothetical but realistic scenario in which an over‐the‐top service provider seeks to  negotiate a quad‐play offer with non‐dominant fixed and mobile operators. 

Score: 921298.6 - https://www.itu.int/en/ITU-D/R...bia/Agenda%20Namibia_Final.pdf

  Nutrition Decade_infographic_4_SMART Commitments

Includes an indicator to enable measuring progress and tracking its achievement. Refers to a realistic context based on availability of human and financial resources and level of progress achieved in the past. Refers to a realistic context based on availability of human and financial resources and level of progress achieved in the past. (...) The key milestone is to be met within a realistic time frame for achievement. The key milestone is to be met within a realistic time frame for achievement.

Score: 918486.6 - https://www.un.org/nutrition/s...raphic_4_smart_commitments.pdf

  Microsoft PowerPoint - Realist review-retention meeting030209.ppt

Microsoft PowerPoint - Realist review-retention meeting030209.ppt Realist inquiry: a valuable addition ? (...) Measuring effects: What works? Complexity approach Realist inquiryEvidence-oriented Amsterdam, The Netherlands www.kit.nl Realist inquiry Interventions: •complex social and behavioural set of activities •that need to be described and understood Research question: “what is it about this program that works for whom in what circumstances” instead of: “what works” Amsterdam, The Netherlands www.kit.nl Realist inquiry •Same intervention is implemented differently in different settings and with different stakeholders •Aim for a better understanding of interventions working “sometimes” or “to some extent” •Use of quantitative and qualitative data collection methods Amsterdam, The Netherlands www.kit.nl “Show me the options and explain the main considerations I should take into account in choosing between them” (Pawson et al, 2004:12) Amsterdam, The Netherlands www.kit.nl •Outcome Changes in target group behaviour: Result of the interaction of the intervention within its context •Context Settings within which the intervention occurred •the organizational, socio-economic, cultural and political conditions, and the stakeholders involved, their interests and convictions and the process of implementation •Mechanisms What triggered change: “the engines behind behaviour” (van der Knaap et al, 2008) Main elements in realist review Amsterdam, The Netherlands www.kit.nl C-M-O CONTEXT Setting in which the intervention occurred Intervention OUTCOME MECHANISM(S) What triggered change: “the engines behind behaviour” Amsterdam, The Netherlands www.kit.nl C-M-O and smoking CONTEXT Target group: education, parents’ education Peer groups Smoking prohibition Behaviour MECHANISM(S) Envisaged: Fear of getting a fine other ???? Perhaps: Fear of social disapproval; imitation; dependence Amsterdam, The Netherlands www.kit.nl Realist synthesis: HRM to improve performance of health care providers Objective: To systematically synthesize: •the effectiveness of HRM interventions in LMIC •the contextual factors of influence on the outcome •the mechanisms triggering change Methodology: Realist synthesis of 48 primary research articles on HRM Dimensions of health worker performance: availability, competence, productivity and responsiveness (WHO, 2006) Amsterdam, The Netherlands www.kit.nl Findings 4 quasi-experimental4Payment of incentives 1 RCT, 2 case control, 4 quasi experimental 7Quality Improvement 1 RCT, 1 case control2Supervision 1 RCT1Regulation Research designNo of articlesIntervention 2 quasi-experimental2Decentralisation of HRM functions 5 RCT, 1 case control 5 quasi-experimental 11Combined 5 RCT, 8 case-control 8 quasi-experimental 21 Continuing education Amsterdam, The Netherlands www.kit.nl Example for combined interventions (n=11) Improvement of performance after: Interactive and participatory training and health system’s strengthening- eg. drug supply, supervision or equipment Outcome: Bangladesh (El Arifeen et al, 2004) •Index correctly assessing sick children:18 to 73 •Index correctly treating sick children: 8 to 54 Context: Niger (Tawfik et al, 2001) After training health workers referred only 23% of children with danger sign- long distance and poor quality of hospitals Amsterdam, The Netherlands www.kit.nl Combined interventions continued Mechanisms triggering change in performance: - in 6 studies discussed- Acceptance of new information: •Perceptions on case management by health workers •Existing clinical rules •Consensus on clinical guidelines by faculty •Participation in development of clinical guidelines Feeling obliged to change: Accountability systems: •Social pressure and social obligation • leading to improved reputation and income •Government inspection followed by sanctions Amsterdam, The Netherlands www.kit.nl Context and Outcome-1 HRM interventions which can improve health workers’ performance: • Participatory, interactive training, job aids and strengthening health systems • Quality Improvement: local performance analysis by teams • Payment combined with organisational change Amsterdam, The Netherlands www.kit.nl Context and Outcome-2 Continuing education as a single intervention: • effective in the short term • can improve the performance of untrained health care providers • sustained effectiveness with health systems or community interventions Amsterdam, The Netherlands www.kit.nl Context and Outcome-3 BUT: Different contexts produce different outcomes Amsterdam, The Netherlands www.kit.nl Example of influence of context on outcome Training to identify problems and develop local solutions or to improve communication: Not effective when local conditions are not addressed Amsterdam, The Netherlands www.kit.nl Example of difference in outcome due to context Odds ratio of a child needing antibiotics and receiving the right prescription from trained health workers as compared to untrained health workers was: 4.4 in Tanzania 2.1 in Uganda likely due to abolition of user fees 1.9 in Brazil likely due to high staff turnover (Gouws et al, 2004) Amsterdam, The Netherlands www.kit.nl Mechanisms for change What mechanism did the interventions “unleash” that triggered change?

Score: 910193 - https://www.who.int/hrh/migrat...mr_expert_meeting_dieleman.pdf

  Page 48 - ITU Journal Future and evolving technologies Volume 2 (2021), Issue 4 – AI and machine lea

The model renders the 3D facial animation into CNN‑based architectures for audio to video genera‑ video frames using the texture and lighting information tion: A lot of work has been done on CNN to generate obtained from the input video. Then they ine‑tune realistic videos given an audio and static image as input. these synthesized frames into realistic frames using a [39](Speech2Vid) has used encoder‑decoder architec‑ novel memory‑augmented GAN module. The proposed ture to generate realistic videos. They have used L1 loss approach uses multimodal adaptive normalization with between the synthesized image and the target image. (...) It is trained adversarially with a visual qual‑ Realistic Speech‑Driven Facial Animation with GANs ity discriminator and pretrained architecture for lip au‑ (RSDGAN) [42] used a GAN‑based approach to produce dio synchronization. [49, 50, 51] are limited to lip move‑ quality videos.

Score: 908877.2 - https://www.itu.int/en/publica...4/files/basic-html/page48.html

  ITU Letter-Fax (English)

In this first part the scenario is explained and the cost model is introduced. 1530-1545 COFFEE BREAK 1545-1700 Session 3B: PRACTICAL EXERCISE ON QUAD-PLAY COSTING USING NEXT-GENERATION ACCESS NETWORK COST MODEL Objective: A hypothetical but realistic scenario in which an over-the-top service provider seeks access to an incumbent’s broadband access network. (...) Tuesday 7th October (Day-2) 0900-1030 Session 3C: PRACTICAL EXERCISE ON QUAD-PLAY COSTING USING NEXT GENERATION ACCESS NETWORK COST MODEL Objective: A hypothetical but realistic scenario in which an over-the-top service provider seeks access to an incumbent’s broadband access network. (...) In this first part the parties prepare their offers based on defined commercial objectives and business modelling. 1530-1545 COFFEE BREAK 1545-1700 Session 5B: PRACTICAL EXERCISE ON QUAD-PLAY NEGOTIATION Objective: A hypothetical but realistic scenario in which an over-the-top service provider seeks to negotiate a quad-play offer with non-dominant fixed and mobile operators.

Score: 896019.3 - https://www.itu.int/en/ITU-D/R...ibia/Invitation_letter_web.pdf

  WHO | A realist synthesis of randomised control trials involving use of community health workers for

WHO | A realist synthesis of randomised control trials involving use of community health workers for delivering child health interventions in low and middle income countries Access Home Alt+0 Content Alt+2 Search Search Submit Language عربي 中文 English Français Русский Español Menu Global Health Workforce Alliance About the Alliance Members & partners Country responses Knowledge centre Media centre Global Forums A realist synthesis of randomised control trials involving use of community health workers for delivering child health interventions in low and middle income countries Case study Authors : Sumit S Kane, Barend Gerretsen, Robert Scherpbier, Mario Dal Poz, Marjolein Dieleman Publication details Number of pages : 7 Publication date : 2010 Languages : English Downloads English This study examine the evidence from randomized control trials (RCT) on CHW interventions in IMCI in LMIC from a realist perspective with the aim to see if they can yield insights into the working of the interventions, when examined from a different perspective.

Score: 891344.2 - https://www.who.int/workforcea...hw_childhealthintervention/en/