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Drift-reducing spray nozzle On many types of sprayers, the standard nozzle types can be replaced with special drift-reducing spray nozzles which generally produce coarser spray droplets to reduce drift. (...) Drift-reducing spray nozzles can achieve more than 95% drift reduction. (...) Potential constraints The use of drift-reducing spray nozzles has been reported to reduce the efficacy of the pesticide, but little evidence is available to support this.
Language:English
Score: 463333.06 - https://www.fao.org/pesticide-...-drift-reducing-techniques/ar/
Data Source: un
Drift-reducing spray nozzle On many types of sprayers, the standard nozzle types can be replaced with special drift-reducing spray nozzles which generally produce coarser spray droplets to reduce drift. (...) Drift-reducing spray nozzles can achieve more than 95% drift reduction. (...) Potential constraints The use of drift-reducing spray nozzles has been reported to reduce the efficacy of the pesticide, but little evidence is available to support this.
Language:English
Score: 463333.06 - https://www.fao.org/pesticide-...-drift-reducing-techniques/en/
Data Source: un
Drift-reducing spray nozzle On many types of sprayers, the standard nozzle types can be replaced with special drift-reducing spray nozzles which generally produce coarser spray droplets to reduce drift. (...) Drift-reducing spray nozzles can achieve more than 95% drift reduction. (...) Potential constraints The use of drift-reducing spray nozzles has been reported to reduce the efficacy of the pesticide, but little evidence is available to support this.
Language:English
Score: 462617.53 - https://www.fao.org/pesticide-...-drift-reducing-techniques/ru/
Data Source: un
Drift-reducing spray nozzle On many types of sprayers, the standard nozzle types can be replaced with special drift-reducing spray nozzles which generally produce coarser spray droplets to reduce drift. (...) Drift-reducing spray nozzles can achieve more than 95% drift reduction. (...) Potential constraints The use of drift-reducing spray nozzles has been reported to reduce the efficacy of the pesticide, but little evidence is available to support this.
Language:English
Score: 462617.53 - https://www.fao.org/pesticide-...-drift-reducing-techniques/es/
Data Source: un
Drift-reducing spray nozzle On many types of sprayers, the standard nozzle types can be replaced with special drift-reducing spray nozzles which generally produce coarser spray droplets to reduce drift. (...) Drift-reducing spray nozzles can achieve more than 95% drift reduction. (...) Potential constraints The use of drift-reducing spray nozzles has been reported to reduce the efficacy of the pesticide, but little evidence is available to support this.
Language:English
Score: 462617.53 - https://www.fao.org/pesticide-...-drift-reducing-techniques/fr/
Data Source: un
Five One-time waivers to a reduced fee: 1. a reduced (7 per cent) fee for a contribution to "Yemen Flash Appeal"; 2. a reduced (7 per cent) fee for a contribution to “United Nations Millennium Campaign”; 3. a reduced (7 per cent) fee for a contribution to "Support to the 2015 Electoral Process in Togo"; 4. a reduced (5 per cent) fee for a contribution to "Creating Employment & Entrepreneurship Opportunities for Women in India"; 5. a reduced (3 per cent) fee for a contribution to "Emergency Supply & Advanced Plan for Early Recovery-Gaza ". (...) Four exceptional approvals due to previous arrangements: 1. a reduced (5 per cent) fee for a contribution to "DFATD-Quartet"; 2. a reduced (5 per cent) fee for a contribution to "Support to PRF Secretariat Services - (SDS-SEA)"; 3. a reduced (4 per cent) fee for a contribution to ‘Law & Order Trust Fund for Afghanistan – MOIA (Ministry of Interior Affairs) Afghanistan Development Outcome – Capacities for reform and accountable and efficient MOIA management and oversight are improved with integrated civilian and uniformed leadership and management and Support to payroll management (Approved in December 2014); A reduced (7 per cent) fee for eight contributions from UNOCHA/ERF: 4. a contribution to "Support to Eliminate the Impact from Mines - IV". (...) Ten One-time waivers to a reduced fee: 1. a reduced (5 per cent) fee for a contribution to "Country-Based Pooled Funds” in Democratic Republic of the Congo 2. a reduced (5 per cent) fee for a contribution to the "Yemen Emergency Crisis Response Programme"; 3. a reduced (7 per cent) fee for a contribution to “Firearms Explosives Risk Mitigation” in Kosovo; 4. a reduced (3.5 per cent) fee for a contribution to "Repair of Damaged Non-Refugee Homes and Non-UNRWA schools in the Gaza”; 5. a reduced (7.53 per cent) fee for a contribution to "Land Reclamation and Capacity Building of the Ministry of Agriculture in Palestine”; 6. a reduced (5 per cent) fee for a contribution to "Restauration de l'Etat” in Mali; 7. a reduced (7 per cent) fee for a contribution to "Prespa Lake Restoration” in Macedonia; 8. a reduced (4 per cent) fee for a contribution to "Informe Nacional de Desarrollo Humano/ Red Nacional de Desarrollo Humano” in Costa Rica; 9. a reduced (3 per cent) fee for a contribution to “Pedagogia para la Paz” in Colombia; 10. a reduced (3 per cent) fee for a contribution to “Reintegration of Sierra Leone Red Cross Volunteers Burial Teams”.
Language:English
Score: 461975.44 - https://www.undp.org/sites/g/f...ssion/dp2017-16_Annex%202.docx
Data Source: un
Drift-reducing spray nozzle On many types of sprayers, the standard nozzle types can be replaced with special drift-reducing spray nozzles which generally produce coarser spray droplets to reduce drift. (...) Drift-reducing spray nozzles can achieve more than 95% drift reduction. (...) Potential constraints The use of drift-reducing spray nozzles has been reported to reduce the efficacy of the pesticide, but little evidence is available to support this.
Language:English
Score: 461193.07 - https://www.fao.org/pesticide-...-drift-reducing-techniques/zh/
Data Source: un
Infants Anaemia: optimal timing of cord clamping for the prevention of iron deficiency anaemia in infants Breastfeeding: continued breastfeeding for healthy growth and development of children Breastfeeding: creating an environment in care facilities that supports breastfeeding Breastfeeding: early initiation to promote exclusive breastfeeding Breastfeeding: exclusive breastfeeding for optimal growth, development and health of infants Breastfeeding: feeding of infants unable to breastfeed directly in care facilities Breastfeeding: implementation of the Baby-friendly Hospital Initiative Breastfeeding: regulation of marketing breast-milk substitutes Breastfeeding: support for mothers to initiate and establish breastfeeding after childbirth Complementary feeding: appropriate complementary feeding HIV/AIDS: infant feeding for the prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV Iron: daily supplementation in children 6-23 months of age Iron: daily supplementation in children 6-23 months of age in malaria-endemic areas Low birth weight: breastfeeding of low-birth-weight infants Low birth weight: cup-feeding for low-birth-weight infants unable to fully breastfeed Low birth weight: demand feeding for low-birth-weight infants Low birth weight: donor human milk for low-birth-weight infants Low birth weight: feeding of very-low-birth-weight infants Low birth weight: kangaroo mother care to reduce morbidity and mortality in low-birth-weight infants Low birth weight: micronutrient supplementation in low-birth-weight and very-low-birth-weight infants Low birth weight: mother’s milk for low-birth-weight infants Low birth weight: standard formula for low-birth-weight infants following hospital discharge Moderate acute malnutrition: supplementary foods for the management of moderate acute malnutrition in children aged 6–59 months Multiple micronutrient powders for point-of-use fortification of foods consumed by children 6–23 months of age Obesity: exclusive breastfeeding to reduce the risk of childhood overweight and obesity Severe acute malnutrition: fluid management in severely malnourished children under 5 years of age with shock Severe acute malnutrition: fluid management in severely malnourished children under 5 years of age without shock Severe acute malnutrition: identification of severe acute malnutrition in children 6–59 months of age Severe acute malnutrition: identification of severe acute malnutrition in infants under 6 months of age Severe acute malnutrition: identification of severe acute malnutrition requiring inpatient care in children 6–59 months of age Severe acute malnutrition: management of HIV-infected children under 5 years of age with severe acute malnutrition Severe acute malnutrition: management of infants under 6 months of age with severe acute malnutrition Severe acute malnutrition: management of severe acute malnutrition in children 6–59 months of age with oedema Severe acute malnutrition: micronutrient intake in children with severe acute malnutrition Severe acute malnutrition: therapeutic feeding of children 6–59 months of age with severe acute malnutrition and acute or persistent diarrhoea Severe acute malnutrition: transition feeding of children 6–59 months of age with severe acute malnutrition Severe acute malnutrition: treatment of hypoglycaemia in children with severe acute malnutrition Severe acute malnutrition: treatment of hypothermia in children with severe acute malnutrition Severe acute malnutrition: use of antibiotics in the outpatient management of children 6-59 months of age with severe acute malnutrition Severe acute malnutrition: vitamin A supplementation in children 6–59 months of age with severe acute malnutrition Supplementary feeding in community settings for promoting child growth Vitamin A supplementation in children with respiratory infections Vitamin A supplementation in HIV-infected infants and children 6–59 months of age Vitamin A supplementation in infants 1–5 months of age Vitamin A supplementation in infants and children 6–59 months of age Vitamin A supplementation in neonates Vitamin D supplementation and respiratory infections in children Vitamin D supplementation in infants Vitamin E supplementation for the prevention of morbidity and mortality in preterm infants Zika virus: infant feeding in areas of Zika virus transmission Zinc supplementation and growth in children Zinc supplementation in children with respiratory infections Zinc supplementation in the management of diarrhoea Children Breastfeeding: continued breastfeeding for healthy growth and development of children Breastfeeding: implementation of the Baby-friendly Hospital Initiative Breastfeeding: regulation of marketing breast-milk substitutes Complementary feeding: appropriate complementary feeding Deworming in children Fortification of maize flour and corn meal HIV/AIDS: infant feeding for the prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV HIV/AIDS: macronutrient supplementation for people living with HIV/AIDS HIV/AIDS: nutritional care of HIV-infected children Iron: daily supplementation in children 24–59 months of age Iron: daily supplementation in children 24–59 months of age in malaria-endemic areas Iron: daily supplementation in children 6-23 months of age Iron: daily supplementation in children 6-23 months of age in malaria-endemic areas Iron: daily supplementation in children and adolescents 5–12 years of age Iron: daily supplementation in children and adolescents 5–12 years of age in malaria-endemic areas Iron: intermittent supplementation in children in malaria-endemic areas Iron: intermittent supplementation in preschool and school-age children Marketing: reducing the impact of marketing of foods and non-alcoholic beverages on children Moderate acute malnutrition: supplementary foods for the management of moderate acute malnutrition in children aged 6–59 months Multiple micronutrient powders for point-of-use fortification of foods consumed by children 2–12 years of age Multiple micronutrient powders for point-of-use fortification of foods consumed by children 6–23 months of age Noncommunicable diseases: increasing fruit and vegetable consumption to reduce the risk of noncommunicable diseases Obesity: limiting portion sizes to reduce the risk of childhood overweight and obesity Obesity: reducing consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages to reduce the risk of childhood overweight and obesity Potassium: increasing intake to control blood pressure in children Severe acute malnutrition: fluid management in severely malnourished children under 5 years of age with shock Severe acute malnutrition: fluid management in severely malnourished children under 5 years of age without shock Severe acute malnutrition: identification of severe acute malnutrition in children 6–59 months of age Severe acute malnutrition: identification of severe acute malnutrition requiring inpatient care in children 6–59 months of age Severe acute malnutrition: management of HIV-infected children under 5 years of age with severe acute malnutrition Severe acute malnutrition: management of severe acute malnutrition in children 6–59 months of age with oedema Severe acute malnutrition: micronutrient intake in children with severe acute malnutrition Severe acute malnutrition: therapeutic feeding of children 6–59 months of age with severe acute malnutrition and acute or persistent diarrhoea Severe acute malnutrition: transition feeding of children 6–59 months of age with severe acute malnutrition Severe acute malnutrition: treatment of hypoglycaemia in children with severe acute malnutrition Severe acute malnutrition: treatment of hypothermia in children with severe acute malnutrition Severe acute malnutrition: use of antibiotics in the outpatient management of children 6-59 months of age with severe acute malnutrition Severe acute malnutrition: vitamin A supplementation in children 6–59 months of age with severe acute malnutrition Sodium: reducing sodium intake to control blood pressure in children Sugars: reducing free sugars intake in children to reduce the risk of noncommunicable diseases Supplementary feeding in community settings for promoting child growth Vitamin A supplementation in children with respiratory infections Vitamin A supplementation in HIV-infected infants and children 6–59 months of age Vitamin A supplementation in infants and children 6–59 months of age Vitamin D supplementation and respiratory infections in children Zika virus: infant feeding in areas of Zika virus transmission Zinc supplementation and growth in children Zinc supplementation in children with respiratory infections Zinc supplementation in the management of diarrhoea Adolescents Daily iron supplementation in children and adolescents 5–12 years of age Daily iron supplementation in children and adolescents 5–12 years of age in malaria-endemic areas Deworming in children Deworming in non-pregnant adolescent girls and women of reproductive age Fortification of maize flour and corn meal Increasing fruit and vegetable consumption to reduce the risk of noncommunicable diseases Increasing potassium intake to control blood pressure in children Intermittent iron and folic acid supplementation in adult women and adolescent girls Intermittent iron and folic acid supplementation in adult women and adolescent girls in malaria-endemic areas Limiting portion sizes to reduce the risk of childhood overweight and obesity Macronutrient supplementation in people living with HIV/AIDS Multiple micronutrient powders for point-of-use fortification of foods consumed by children 2–12 years of age Nutrition counselling for adolescents and adults with HIV/AIDS Nutritional care of HIV-infected children Reducing consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages to reduce the risk of childhood overweight and obesity Reducing free sugars intake in children to reduce the risk of noncommunicable diseases Reducing sodium intake to control blood pressure in children Reducing the impact of marketing of foods and non-alcoholic beverages on children Supplementary feeding in community settings for promoting child growth Reproductive age Balanced energy and protein supplementation during pregnancy Daily iron supplementation in adult women and adolescent girls Deworming in non-pregnant adolescent girls and women of reproductive age Fortification of maize flour and corn meal Increasing fruit and vegetable consumption to reduce the risk of noncommunicable diseases Increasing potassium intake to reduce blood pressure and risk of cardiovascular diseases in adults Intermittent iron and folic acid supplementation in adult women and adolescent girls Intermittent iron and folic acid supplementation in adult women and adolescent girls in malaria-endemic areas Macronutrient supplementation in people living with HIV/AIDS Nutrition counselling for adolescents and adults with HIV/AIDS Periconceptional folic acid supplementation to prevent neural tube defects Reducing consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages to reduce the risk of unhealthy weight gain in adults Reducing free sugars intake in adults to reduce the risk of noncommunicable diseases Reducing sodium intake to reduce blood pressure and risk of cardiovascular diseases in adults Vitamin A supplementation in HIV-infected adults Pregnancy Assessment for nutrition-related disorders in women during pregnancy Breastfeeding education for increased breastfeeding duration Caffeine: restricting intake during pregnancy Calcium supplementation before pregnancy for the prevention of pre-eclampsia and its complications Calcium supplementation during pregnancy to reduce the risk of pre-eclampsia Deworming in pregnant women Fatty acids: marine oil supplementation during pregnancy Folic acid: periconceptional supplementation to prevent neural tube defects Fortification of maize flour and corn meal HIV/AIDS: macronutrient supplementation for people living with HIV/AIDS HIV/AIDS: micronutrient supplementation in HIV-infected women during pregnancy HIV/AIDS: nutrition counselling for adolescents and adults with HIV/AIDS Insecticide-treated nets to reduce the risk of malaria in pregnant women Intermittent preventative treatment to reduce the risk of malaria during pregnancy Iodine supplementation in pregnant and lactating women Iron and folic acid: daily supplementation during pregnancy Iron and folic acid: daily supplementation during pregnancy in malaria-endemic areas Iron and folic acid: intermittent supplementation during pregnancy Iron and folic acid: intermittent supplementation during pregnancy in malaria-endemic areas Maternal nutrition: balanced energy and protein supplementation during pregnancy Maternal nutrition: high-protein supplementation during pregnancy Multiple micronutrient powders for point-of-use fortification of foods consumed by pregnant women Multiple micronutrient supplementation during pregnancy Noncommunicable diseases: increasing fruit and vegetable consumption to reduce the risk of noncommunicable diseases Nutrition counselling during pregnancy Obesity: reducing consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages to reduce the risk of unhealthy weight gain in adults Potassium: increasing intake to reduce blood pressure and risk of cardiovascular diseases in adults Sodium: reducing sodium intake to reduce blood pressure and risk of cardiovascular diseases in adults Sugars: reducing free sugars intake in adults to reduce the risk of noncommunicable diseases Vitamin A supplementation during pregnancy Vitamin A supplementation in HIV-infected women during pregnancy Vitamin B6 supplementation during pregnancy Vitamin D supplementation during pregnancy Vitamin E and C supplementation during pregnancy Zinc supplementation during pregnancy Postpartum Fortification of maize flour and corn meal Increasing fruit and vegetable consumption to reduce the risk of noncommunicable diseases Increasing potassium intake to reduce blood pressure and risk of cardiovascular diseases in adults Iodine supplementation in pregnant and lactating women Iron supplementation with or without folic acid to reduce the risk of postpartum anaemia Iron supplementation with or without folic acid to reduce the risk of postpartum anaemia in malaria-endemic areas Macronutrient supplementation in people living with HIV/AIDS Nutrition counselling for adolescents and adults with HIV/AIDS Reducing consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages to reduce the risk of unhealthy weight gain in adults Reducing free sugars intake in adults to reduce the risk of noncommunicable diseases Reducing sodium intake to reduce blood pressure and risk of cardiovascular diseases in adults Vitamin A supplementation in HIV-infected adults Vitamin A supplementation in postpartum women Older adults Fortification of maize flour and corn meal Increasing fruit and vegetable consumption to reduce the risk of noncommunicable diseases Increasing potassium intake to reduce blood pressure and risk of cardiovascular diseases in adults Macronutrient supplementation in people living with HIV/AIDS Nutrition counselling for adolescents and adults with HIV/AIDS Reducing consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages to reduce the risk of unhealthy weight gain in adults Reducing free sugars intake in adults to reduce the risk of noncommunicable diseases Reducing sodium intake to reduce blood pressure and risk of cardiovascular diseases in adults Supplemental nutrition with dietary advice for older people affected by undernutrition Vitamin A supplementation in HIV-infected adults All ages Conditional cash transfer programmes and nutritional status Management of moderate undernutrition in individuals with active tuberculosis Management of severe acute malnutrition in individuals with active tuberculosis Micronutrient supplementation in individuals with active tuberculosis Nutrition assessment and counselling in individuals with active tuberculosis Nutritional care of children and adults with Ebola virus disease in treatment centres Water, sanitation and hygiene interventions to prevent diarrhoea Contact us eLENA team Department of Nutrition for Health and Development (NHD) World Health Organization 20 Avenue Appia CH-1211 Geneva 27 Switzerland E-mail: [email protected] WHO Department of Nutrition for Health and Development You are here: e-Library of Evidence for Nutrition Actions (eLENA) Life course Regions Africa Americas Eastern Mediterranean Europe South-East Asia Western Pacific About us Careers Library Procurement Publications Frequently asked questions Contact us Subscribe to our newsletters Privacy Legal Notice © 2022 WHO
Language:English
Score: 460888.5 - https://www.who.int/elena/life_course/en/
Data Source: un
How to reduce food loss and waste for food security and environmental sustainability Why should we worry about food loss and waste? (...) Furthermore, it means that greenhouse gases (GHG) have been emitted and land and water resources have been wasted to no purpose. Reducing food loss and waste is therefore seen as a way to improve food security and nutrition, reduce GHG emissions and ease pressures on natural resources. (...) In lower-income countries, strategies will likely want to focus on improving food security and nutrition, and on reducing pressures on land and water resources. This calls for reducing food loss and waste early in the food supply chain, not least on the farm.
Language:English
Score: 459967.33 - https://www.fao.org/3/ca6481en/CA6481EN.pdf
Data Source: un
Reduce the application rate The application rate of the pesticide can be reduced without reducing its efficacy. (...) Engineering controls   Apply drift-reducing techniques  (e.g. reduced-drift spray nozzles, spray deflectors) Equipment should be available to the user at an affordable cost Do not authorize aerial applications Treatments should be possible with ground-based equipment Cultivation controls   Apply a (vegetated) no-spray buffer strip between the treated field and the off-field area, to reduce drift Non-target arthropods should be mainly active off-field " The buffer strip should not have an unacceptable effect on yield Labelling   Require specific precautionary statements on the label Users should be literate or have access to a literate person Environmental risks – Limiting pesticide exposure and adverse effects on birds and mammals (in and off-crop) Risk mitigation measure  Conditions Registration measures   Do not register the pesticide (or phase-out a registered pesticide) for some or all uses Alternative pesticides or pest management options should be available for these uses Reduce the application rate Reduced rate should be efficacious Reduction of the application frequency and/or increase of the treatment interval Reduced frequency/increased treatment interval should be efficacious Do not register formulation types that are likely to pose a high risk to birds and mammals (e.g. baits, treated seeds, granules) Alternative formulations should be efficacious Restriction in space   Restrict the use of the pesticide to low- or no emission applications (e.g. in glasshouses, containers, or dipping, soil incorporation) Low- or no emission applications should be efficacious. (...) The application of the pesticide can be restricted in time without reducing its efficacy. Reduction of the application rate The application rate of the pesticide can be reduced without reducing its efficacy.
Language:English
Score: 459914.6 - https://www.fao.org/pesticide-...asures/mitigation-measures/en/
Data Source: un