Drift-reducing spray nozzle
On many types of sprayers, the standard nozzle types can be replaced with special drift-reducing spray nozzles which generally produce coarser spray droplets to reduce drift. (...) Drift-reducing spray nozzles can achieve more than 95% drift reduction.
(...) Potential constraints
The use of drift-reducing spray nozzles has been reported to reduce the efficacy of the pesticide, but little evidence is available to support this.
Language:English
Score: 463333.06
-
https://www.fao.org/pesticide-...-drift-reducing-techniques/ar/
Data Source: un
Drift-reducing spray nozzle
On many types of sprayers, the standard nozzle types can be replaced with special drift-reducing spray nozzles which generally produce coarser spray droplets to reduce drift. (...) Drift-reducing spray nozzles can achieve more than 95% drift reduction.
(...) Potential constraints
The use of drift-reducing spray nozzles has been reported to reduce the efficacy of the pesticide, but little evidence is available to support this.
Language:English
Score: 463333.06
-
https://www.fao.org/pesticide-...-drift-reducing-techniques/en/
Data Source: un
Drift-reducing spray nozzle
On many types of sprayers, the standard nozzle types can be replaced with special drift-reducing spray nozzles which generally produce coarser spray droplets to reduce drift. (...) Drift-reducing spray nozzles can achieve more than 95% drift reduction.
(...) Potential constraints
The use of drift-reducing spray nozzles has been reported to reduce the efficacy of the pesticide, but little evidence is available to support this.
Language:English
Score: 462617.53
-
https://www.fao.org/pesticide-...-drift-reducing-techniques/ru/
Data Source: un
Drift-reducing spray nozzle
On many types of sprayers, the standard nozzle types can be replaced with special drift-reducing spray nozzles which generally produce coarser spray droplets to reduce drift. (...) Drift-reducing spray nozzles can achieve more than 95% drift reduction.
(...) Potential constraints
The use of drift-reducing spray nozzles has been reported to reduce the efficacy of the pesticide, but little evidence is available to support this.
Language:English
Score: 462617.53
-
https://www.fao.org/pesticide-...-drift-reducing-techniques/es/
Data Source: un
Drift-reducing spray nozzle
On many types of sprayers, the standard nozzle types can be replaced with special drift-reducing spray nozzles which generally produce coarser spray droplets to reduce drift. (...) Drift-reducing spray nozzles can achieve more than 95% drift reduction.
(...) Potential constraints
The use of drift-reducing spray nozzles has been reported to reduce the efficacy of the pesticide, but little evidence is available to support this.
Language:English
Score: 462617.53
-
https://www.fao.org/pesticide-...-drift-reducing-techniques/fr/
Data Source: un
Five One-time waivers to a reduced fee:
1. a reduced (7 per cent) fee for a contribution to "Yemen Flash Appeal";
2. a reduced (7 per cent) fee for a contribution to “United Nations Millennium Campaign”;
3. a reduced (7 per cent) fee for a contribution to "Support to the 2015 Electoral Process in Togo";
4. a reduced (5 per cent) fee for a contribution to "Creating Employment & Entrepreneurship Opportunities for Women in India";
5. a reduced (3 per cent) fee for a contribution to "Emergency Supply & Advanced Plan for Early Recovery-Gaza ".
(...) Four exceptional approvals due to previous arrangements:
1. a reduced (5 per cent) fee for a contribution to "DFATD-Quartet";
2. a reduced (5 per cent) fee for a contribution to "Support to PRF Secretariat Services - (SDS-SEA)";
3. a reduced (4 per cent) fee for a contribution to ‘Law & Order Trust Fund for Afghanistan – MOIA (Ministry of Interior Affairs) Afghanistan Development Outcome – Capacities for reform and accountable and efficient MOIA management and oversight are improved with integrated civilian and uniformed leadership and management and Support to payroll management (Approved in December 2014);
A reduced (7 per cent) fee for eight contributions from UNOCHA/ERF:
4. a contribution to "Support to Eliminate the Impact from Mines - IV".
(...) Ten One-time waivers to a reduced fee:
1. a reduced (5 per cent) fee for a contribution to "Country-Based Pooled Funds” in Democratic Republic of the Congo
2. a reduced (5 per cent) fee for a contribution to the "Yemen Emergency Crisis Response Programme";
3. a reduced (7 per cent) fee for a contribution to “Firearms Explosives Risk Mitigation” in Kosovo;
4. a reduced (3.5 per cent) fee for a contribution to "Repair of Damaged Non-Refugee Homes and Non-UNRWA schools in the Gaza”;
5. a reduced (7.53 per cent) fee for a contribution to "Land Reclamation and Capacity Building of the Ministry of Agriculture in Palestine”;
6. a reduced (5 per cent) fee for a contribution to "Restauration de l'Etat” in Mali;
7. a reduced (7 per cent) fee for a contribution to "Prespa Lake Restoration” in Macedonia;
8. a reduced (4 per cent) fee for a contribution to "Informe Nacional de Desarrollo Humano/ Red Nacional de Desarrollo Humano” in Costa Rica;
9. a reduced (3 per cent) fee for a contribution to “Pedagogia para la Paz” in Colombia;
10. a reduced (3 per cent) fee for a contribution to “Reintegration of Sierra Leone Red Cross Volunteers Burial Teams”.
Language:English
Score: 461975.44
-
https://www.undp.org/sites/g/f...ssion/dp2017-16_Annex%202.docx
Data Source: un
Drift-reducing spray nozzle
On many types of sprayers, the standard nozzle types can be replaced with special drift-reducing spray nozzles which generally produce coarser spray droplets to reduce drift. (...) Drift-reducing spray nozzles can achieve more than 95% drift reduction.
(...) Potential constraints
The use of drift-reducing spray nozzles has been reported to reduce the efficacy of the pesticide, but little evidence is available to support this.
Language:English
Score: 461193.07
-
https://www.fao.org/pesticide-...-drift-reducing-techniques/zh/
Data Source: un
Infants
Anaemia: optimal timing of cord clamping for the prevention of iron deficiency anaemia in infants
Breastfeeding: continued breastfeeding for healthy growth and development of children
Breastfeeding: creating an environment in care facilities that supports breastfeeding
Breastfeeding: early initiation to promote exclusive breastfeeding
Breastfeeding: exclusive breastfeeding for optimal growth, development and health of infants
Breastfeeding: feeding of infants unable to breastfeed directly in care facilities
Breastfeeding: implementation of the Baby-friendly Hospital Initiative
Breastfeeding: regulation of marketing breast-milk substitutes
Breastfeeding: support for mothers to initiate and establish breastfeeding after childbirth
Complementary feeding: appropriate complementary feeding
HIV/AIDS: infant feeding for the prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV
Iron: daily supplementation in children 6-23 months of age
Iron: daily supplementation in children 6-23 months of age in malaria-endemic areas
Low birth weight: breastfeeding of low-birth-weight infants
Low birth weight: cup-feeding for low-birth-weight infants unable to fully breastfeed
Low birth weight: demand feeding for low-birth-weight infants
Low birth weight: donor human milk for low-birth-weight infants
Low birth weight: feeding of very-low-birth-weight infants
Low birth weight: kangaroo mother care to reduce morbidity and mortality in low-birth-weight infants
Low birth weight: micronutrient supplementation in low-birth-weight and very-low-birth-weight infants
Low birth weight: mother’s milk for low-birth-weight infants
Low birth weight: standard formula for low-birth-weight infants following hospital discharge
Moderate acute malnutrition: supplementary foods for the management of moderate acute malnutrition in children aged 6–59 months
Multiple micronutrient powders for point-of-use fortification of foods consumed by children 6–23 months of age
Obesity: exclusive breastfeeding to reduce the risk of childhood overweight and obesity
Severe acute malnutrition: fluid management in severely malnourished children under 5 years of age with shock
Severe acute malnutrition: fluid management in severely malnourished children under 5 years of age without shock
Severe acute malnutrition: identification of severe acute malnutrition in children 6–59 months of age
Severe acute malnutrition: identification of severe acute malnutrition in infants under 6 months of age
Severe acute malnutrition: identification of severe acute malnutrition requiring inpatient care in children 6–59 months of age
Severe acute malnutrition: management of HIV-infected children under 5 years of age with severe acute malnutrition
Severe acute malnutrition: management of infants under 6 months of age with severe acute malnutrition
Severe acute malnutrition: management of severe acute malnutrition in children 6–59 months of age with oedema
Severe acute malnutrition: micronutrient intake in children with severe acute malnutrition
Severe acute malnutrition: therapeutic feeding of children 6–59 months of age with severe acute malnutrition and acute or persistent diarrhoea
Severe acute malnutrition: transition feeding of children 6–59 months of age with severe acute malnutrition
Severe acute malnutrition: treatment of hypoglycaemia in children with severe acute malnutrition
Severe acute malnutrition: treatment of hypothermia in children with severe acute malnutrition
Severe acute malnutrition: use of antibiotics in the outpatient management of children 6-59 months of age with severe acute malnutrition
Severe acute malnutrition: vitamin A supplementation in children 6–59 months of age with severe acute malnutrition
Supplementary feeding in community settings for promoting child growth
Vitamin A supplementation in children with respiratory infections
Vitamin A supplementation in HIV-infected infants and children 6–59 months of age
Vitamin A supplementation in infants 1–5 months of age
Vitamin A supplementation in infants and children 6–59 months of age
Vitamin A supplementation in neonates
Vitamin D supplementation and respiratory infections in children
Vitamin D supplementation in infants
Vitamin E supplementation for the prevention of morbidity and mortality in preterm infants
Zika virus: infant feeding in areas of Zika virus transmission
Zinc supplementation and growth in children
Zinc supplementation in children with respiratory infections
Zinc supplementation in the management of diarrhoea
Children
Breastfeeding: continued breastfeeding for healthy growth and development of children
Breastfeeding: implementation of the Baby-friendly Hospital Initiative
Breastfeeding: regulation of marketing breast-milk substitutes
Complementary feeding: appropriate complementary feeding
Deworming in children
Fortification of maize flour and corn meal
HIV/AIDS: infant feeding for the prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV
HIV/AIDS: macronutrient supplementation for people living with HIV/AIDS
HIV/AIDS: nutritional care of HIV-infected children
Iron: daily supplementation in children 24–59 months of age
Iron: daily supplementation in children 24–59 months of age in malaria-endemic areas
Iron: daily supplementation in children 6-23 months of age
Iron: daily supplementation in children 6-23 months of age in malaria-endemic areas
Iron: daily supplementation in children and adolescents 5–12 years of age
Iron: daily supplementation in children and adolescents 5–12 years of age in malaria-endemic areas
Iron: intermittent supplementation in children in malaria-endemic areas
Iron: intermittent supplementation in preschool and school-age children
Marketing: reducing the impact of marketing of foods and non-alcoholic beverages on children
Moderate acute malnutrition: supplementary foods for the management of moderate acute malnutrition in children aged 6–59 months
Multiple micronutrient powders for point-of-use fortification of foods consumed by children 2–12 years of age
Multiple micronutrient powders for point-of-use fortification of foods consumed by children 6–23 months of age
Noncommunicable diseases: increasing fruit and vegetable consumption to reduce the risk of noncommunicable diseases
Obesity: limiting portion sizes to reduce the risk of childhood overweight and obesity
Obesity: reducing consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages to reduce the risk of childhood overweight and obesity
Potassium: increasing intake to control blood pressure in children
Severe acute malnutrition: fluid management in severely malnourished children under 5 years of age with shock
Severe acute malnutrition: fluid management in severely malnourished children under 5 years of age without shock
Severe acute malnutrition: identification of severe acute malnutrition in children 6–59 months of age
Severe acute malnutrition: identification of severe acute malnutrition requiring inpatient care in children 6–59 months of age
Severe acute malnutrition: management of HIV-infected children under 5 years of age with severe acute malnutrition
Severe acute malnutrition: management of severe acute malnutrition in children 6–59 months of age with oedema
Severe acute malnutrition: micronutrient intake in children with severe acute malnutrition
Severe acute malnutrition: therapeutic feeding of children 6–59 months of age with severe acute malnutrition and acute or persistent diarrhoea
Severe acute malnutrition: transition feeding of children 6–59 months of age with severe acute malnutrition
Severe acute malnutrition: treatment of hypoglycaemia in children with severe acute malnutrition
Severe acute malnutrition: treatment of hypothermia in children with severe acute malnutrition
Severe acute malnutrition: use of antibiotics in the outpatient management of children 6-59 months of age with severe acute malnutrition
Severe acute malnutrition: vitamin A supplementation in children 6–59 months of age with severe acute malnutrition
Sodium: reducing sodium intake to control blood pressure in children
Sugars: reducing free sugars intake in children to reduce the risk of noncommunicable diseases
Supplementary feeding in community settings for promoting child growth
Vitamin A supplementation in children with respiratory infections
Vitamin A supplementation in HIV-infected infants and children 6–59 months of age
Vitamin A supplementation in infants and children 6–59 months of age
Vitamin D supplementation and respiratory infections in children
Zika virus: infant feeding in areas of Zika virus transmission
Zinc supplementation and growth in children
Zinc supplementation in children with respiratory infections
Zinc supplementation in the management of diarrhoea
Adolescents
Daily iron supplementation in children and adolescents 5–12 years of age
Daily iron supplementation in children and adolescents 5–12 years of age in malaria-endemic areas
Deworming in children
Deworming in non-pregnant adolescent girls and women of reproductive age
Fortification of maize flour and corn meal
Increasing fruit and vegetable consumption to reduce the risk of noncommunicable diseases
Increasing potassium intake to control blood pressure in children
Intermittent iron and folic acid supplementation in adult women and adolescent girls
Intermittent iron and folic acid supplementation in adult women and adolescent girls in malaria-endemic areas
Limiting portion sizes to reduce the risk of childhood overweight and obesity
Macronutrient supplementation in people living with HIV/AIDS
Multiple micronutrient powders for point-of-use fortification of foods consumed by children 2–12 years of age
Nutrition counselling for adolescents and adults with HIV/AIDS
Nutritional care of HIV-infected children
Reducing consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages to reduce the risk of childhood overweight and obesity
Reducing free sugars intake in children to reduce the risk of noncommunicable diseases
Reducing sodium intake to control blood pressure in children
Reducing the impact of marketing of foods and non-alcoholic beverages on children
Supplementary feeding in community settings for promoting child growth
Reproductive age
Balanced energy and protein supplementation during pregnancy
Daily iron supplementation in adult women and adolescent girls
Deworming in non-pregnant adolescent girls and women of reproductive age
Fortification of maize flour and corn meal
Increasing fruit and vegetable consumption to reduce the risk of noncommunicable diseases
Increasing potassium intake to reduce blood pressure and risk of cardiovascular diseases in adults
Intermittent iron and folic acid supplementation in adult women and adolescent girls
Intermittent iron and folic acid supplementation in adult women and adolescent girls in malaria-endemic areas
Macronutrient supplementation in people living with HIV/AIDS
Nutrition counselling for adolescents and adults with HIV/AIDS
Periconceptional folic acid supplementation to prevent neural tube defects
Reducing consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages to reduce the risk of unhealthy weight gain in adults
Reducing free sugars intake in adults to reduce the risk of noncommunicable diseases
Reducing sodium intake to reduce blood pressure and risk of cardiovascular diseases in adults
Vitamin A supplementation in HIV-infected adults
Pregnancy
Assessment for nutrition-related disorders in women during pregnancy
Breastfeeding education for increased breastfeeding duration
Caffeine: restricting intake during pregnancy
Calcium supplementation before pregnancy for the prevention of pre-eclampsia and its complications
Calcium supplementation during pregnancy to reduce the risk of pre-eclampsia
Deworming in pregnant women
Fatty acids: marine oil supplementation during pregnancy
Folic acid: periconceptional supplementation to prevent neural tube defects
Fortification of maize flour and corn meal
HIV/AIDS: macronutrient supplementation for people living with HIV/AIDS
HIV/AIDS: micronutrient supplementation in HIV-infected women during pregnancy
HIV/AIDS: nutrition counselling for adolescents and adults with HIV/AIDS
Insecticide-treated nets to reduce the risk of malaria in pregnant women
Intermittent preventative treatment to reduce the risk of malaria during pregnancy
Iodine supplementation in pregnant and lactating women
Iron and folic acid: daily supplementation during pregnancy
Iron and folic acid: daily supplementation during pregnancy in malaria-endemic areas
Iron and folic acid: intermittent supplementation during pregnancy
Iron and folic acid: intermittent supplementation during pregnancy in malaria-endemic areas
Maternal nutrition: balanced energy and protein supplementation during pregnancy
Maternal nutrition: high-protein supplementation during pregnancy
Multiple micronutrient powders for point-of-use fortification of foods consumed by pregnant women
Multiple micronutrient supplementation during pregnancy
Noncommunicable diseases: increasing fruit and vegetable consumption to reduce the risk of noncommunicable diseases
Nutrition counselling during pregnancy
Obesity: reducing consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages to reduce the risk of unhealthy weight gain in adults
Potassium: increasing intake to reduce blood pressure and risk of cardiovascular diseases in adults
Sodium: reducing sodium intake to reduce blood pressure and risk of cardiovascular diseases in adults
Sugars: reducing free sugars intake in adults to reduce the risk of noncommunicable diseases
Vitamin A supplementation during pregnancy
Vitamin A supplementation in HIV-infected women during pregnancy
Vitamin B6 supplementation during pregnancy
Vitamin D supplementation during pregnancy
Vitamin E and C supplementation during pregnancy
Zinc supplementation during pregnancy
Postpartum
Fortification of maize flour and corn meal
Increasing fruit and vegetable consumption to reduce the risk of noncommunicable diseases
Increasing potassium intake to reduce blood pressure and risk of cardiovascular diseases in adults
Iodine supplementation in pregnant and lactating women
Iron supplementation with or without folic acid to reduce the risk of postpartum anaemia
Iron supplementation with or without folic acid to reduce the risk of postpartum anaemia in malaria-endemic areas
Macronutrient supplementation in people living with HIV/AIDS
Nutrition counselling for adolescents and adults with HIV/AIDS
Reducing consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages to reduce the risk of unhealthy weight gain in adults
Reducing free sugars intake in adults to reduce the risk of noncommunicable diseases
Reducing sodium intake to reduce blood pressure and risk of cardiovascular diseases in adults
Vitamin A supplementation in HIV-infected adults
Vitamin A supplementation in postpartum women
Older adults
Fortification of maize flour and corn meal
Increasing fruit and vegetable consumption to reduce the risk of noncommunicable diseases
Increasing potassium intake to reduce blood pressure and risk of cardiovascular diseases in adults
Macronutrient supplementation in people living with HIV/AIDS
Nutrition counselling for adolescents and adults with HIV/AIDS
Reducing consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages to reduce the risk of unhealthy weight gain in adults
Reducing free sugars intake in adults to reduce the risk of noncommunicable diseases
Reducing sodium intake to reduce blood pressure and risk of cardiovascular diseases in adults
Supplemental nutrition with dietary advice for older people affected by undernutrition
Vitamin A supplementation in HIV-infected adults
All ages
Conditional cash transfer programmes and nutritional status
Management of moderate undernutrition in individuals with active tuberculosis
Management of severe acute malnutrition in individuals with active tuberculosis
Micronutrient supplementation in individuals with active tuberculosis
Nutrition assessment and counselling in individuals with active tuberculosis
Nutritional care of children and adults with Ebola virus disease in treatment centres
Water, sanitation and hygiene interventions to prevent diarrhoea
Contact us
eLENA team Department of Nutrition for Health and Development (NHD) World Health Organization 20 Avenue Appia CH-1211 Geneva 27 Switzerland
E-mail: [email protected]
WHO Department of Nutrition for Health and Development
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Language:English
Score: 460888.5
-
https://www.who.int/elena/life_course/en/
Data Source: un
How to reduce food loss and waste for food security and environmental sustainability
Why should we worry about food loss and waste? (...) Furthermore, it means that greenhouse gases (GHG) have been emitted and land and water resources have been wasted to no purpose. Reducing food loss and waste is therefore seen as a way to improve food security and nutrition, reduce GHG emissions and ease pressures on natural resources. (...) In lower-income countries, strategies will likely want to focus on improving food security and nutrition, and on reducing pressures on land and water resources. This calls for reducing food loss and waste early in the food supply chain, not least on the farm.
Language:English
Score: 459967.33
-
https://www.fao.org/3/ca6481en/CA6481EN.pdf
Data Source: un
Reduce the application rate
The application rate of the pesticide can be reduced without reducing its efficacy.
(...) Engineering controls
Apply drift-reducing techniques (e.g. reduced-drift spray nozzles, spray deflectors)
Equipment should be available to the user at an affordable cost
Do not authorize aerial applications
Treatments should be possible with ground-based equipment
Cultivation controls
Apply a (vegetated) no-spray buffer strip between the treated field and the off-field area, to reduce drift
Non-target arthropods should be mainly active off-field
"
The buffer strip should not have an unacceptable effect on yield
Labelling
Require specific precautionary statements on the label
Users should be literate or have access to a literate person
Environmental risks – Limiting pesticide exposure and adverse effects on birds and mammals (in and off-crop)
Risk mitigation measure
Conditions
Registration measures
Do not register the pesticide (or phase-out a registered pesticide) for some or all uses
Alternative pesticides or pest management options should be available for these uses
Reduce the application rate
Reduced rate should be efficacious
Reduction of the application frequency and/or increase of the treatment interval
Reduced frequency/increased treatment interval should be efficacious
Do not register formulation types that are likely to pose a high risk to birds and mammals (e.g. baits, treated seeds, granules)
Alternative formulations should be efficacious
Restriction in space
Restrict the use of the pesticide to low- or no emission applications (e.g. in glasshouses, containers, or dipping, soil incorporation)
Low- or no emission applications should be efficacious.
(...) The application of the pesticide can be restricted in time without reducing its efficacy.
Reduction of the application rate
The application rate of the pesticide can be reduced without reducing its efficacy.
Language:English
Score: 459914.6
-
https://www.fao.org/pesticide-...asures/mitigation-measures/en/
Data Source: un