Entrants have access to non-replicable assets on appropriate, regulated supply terms. (...) The fact that assets have not yet been replicated does not exclude the possibility that they are replicable and will be replicated in the (near) future. (...) If the functionality of such infrastructure is also non-replicable (by alternative technology), this infrastructure can lead to a position of natural monopoly. 7 Technical replicability refers to actual replicability of the infrastructure.
Language:English
Score: 954737.6
-
https://www.itu.int/osg/spu/ngn/documents/OPTA-Oxera.pdf
Data Source: un
That said, linking innovation with replication is sensible. The final test of an innovation is whether it is replicated elsewhere by government, donors or other partners. This explains the correct focus on ‘replicable innovation’ rather than just innovation.
(...) The 2005 PPR found that, overall, IFAD-assisted programmes and projects possessed ‘a substantial degree of innovative elements and they have been replicated to a fair extent’. It noted that there was evidence of innovative ideas being replicated either by other donors or by governments.
Language:English
Score: 928075.9
-
https://www.ifad.org/documents...b2-3642-4aeb-b3a8-753a5417b6ab
Data Source: un
· What are the key elements to put in place for the practice to be institutionally, socially, economically and environmentally sustainable?
Replicability and upscaling
· Has this practice been replicated, in the same context? (...) · What are the required conditions to replicate and adapt the practice in another context/geographical area?
· What are the required conditions to replicate the practice at a larger scale (national, regional, international)?
Language:English
Score: 914659.9
-
https://www.fao.org/fileadmin/...ls/Good_Practice_Template.docx
Data Source: un
I.3 Use case of secure data management of the SaaS replication model in inter-cloud This use case illustrates secure data management of the SaaS replication model in inter-cloud. (...) Table I.3 – Secure data management of the SaaS replication model in inter-cloud Title Secure data management of the SaaS replication model in inter-cloud Description The SaaS replication model, deployed on multiple CSPs, that combines software logic and data into one service enables the user to get evidence of the integrity of the result among multiple CSPs in order to guarantee that an operation performed in a cloud system has not been tampered with by the CSP or attackers.
Language:English
Score: 912106.1
-
https://www.itu.int/en/publica.../files/basic-html/page544.html
Data Source: un
Kafle, Yusuke Fukushima, Pedro Martinez-Julia,
and Hiroaki Harai National Institute of Information and Communications Technology
(NICT)
Bangkok, Thailand 14-16 November 2016
1 Bangkok, Thailand, 14-16 November 2016 ITU Kaleidoscope 2016 - ICTs for a Sustainable World
• Background and motivation
• Proposed IoT directory service components
• Design approach
• Security and privacy protection
• Record caching, replication, lookup, update process
• Resource adjustment
• Conclusion
Outline
2 Bangkok, Thailand, 14-16 November 2016 ITU Kaleidoscope 2016 - ICTs for a Sustainable World
Background and motivation
• IoT – driving next generation of ICT
– ITU-T Study Group 20 established (2015)
• Billions of new devices getting connected
• M2M communication being commonplace
– Autonomic, fast, secure communication between devices
• Requiring a scalable, low latency directory service
– Scalable to hold billions of records (info about devices)
– Lookup latency of few milliseconds
– Update latency of few seconds
3
Bangkok, Thailand, 14-16 November 2016 ITU Kaleidoscope 2016 - ICTs for a Sustainable World
• Domain Name System (DNS)
– Can’t store heterogeneous types of names
– Response time not guaranteed
– No fast update support
• Auspice [5]
– Not considering record privacy and access control
• MDHT [6]
– Not considering frequent updates
• CoDoNS [7]
– Not considering updates and privacy
• X.500 [8]
– Not considering minimization of response time
Related work limitations
4 Bangkok, Thailand, 14-16 November 2016 ITU Kaleidoscope 2016 - ICTs for a Sustainable World
Proposed IoT directory service components
Bangkok, Thailand, 14-16 November 2016 ITU Kaleidoscope 2016 - ICTs for a Sustainable World
Replication
Load statistics
On-demand record caches
Authorized public directory
Record registration
Record update
Lookup
Resource provisioning
Resource controller (RC)
On-demand allocated resource
Record owners - IoT devices (e.g. red cars)
Private directory
Record caching
IoT application clients
(e.g. yellow cars)
RC Replication
Load statistics
Resource provisioning
Replication
Components in red font
Process in black font with arrows
Legend -
5
Design approach
• IoT service-wise directory service
– E.g. automated/safe driving and smart-grid control applications will have two different directory services
• On-demand trackable record caching/replication
– Caching for low latency lookup by reducing distance
– Trackable caches for quick update of dynamic records
• QoS guarantee by dynamic resource provisioning
– In the event of fluctuating workload and network status
• Leveraging established component technologies
– SDN; NFV; VM creation, migration
Bangkok, Thailand, 14-16 November 2016 ITU Kaleidoscope 2016 - ICTs for a Sustainable World
6
Record replication process
• Replication to avoid bottleneck, maintain performance
– Despite increasing volume of records (initially, up to 1Billion)
– Despite increasing workload
Bangkok, Thailand, 14-16 November 2016 ITU Kaleidoscope 2016 - ICTs for a Sustainable World
Record cache
Resource allocation Replica creation
RC
Replication
Load statistics
Replica (A)
Replica (B)
(1) (2)
(3)
7
Record lookup process
• Record looked up from the nearest replicas provided with enough resource – Fast response (<= 10ms)
Bangkok, Thailand, 14-16 November 2016 ITU Kaleidoscope 2016 - ICTs for a Sustainable World
Record cache
Query forwarding
Replica (A)
Replica (B)
Client
Lookup query Lookup
response
8
(1)
(2)
(3)
Security and privacy protection scheme
• Responding only to queries that pass thru’ both security and privacy checks:
1. (...) Get record from file or DB, packetize with proper security
Reject query
Neglect query
Yes
No
Response
No
Yes
9 Bangkok, Thailand, 14-16 November 2016 ITU Kaleidoscope 2016 - ICTs for a Sustainable World
Record update process
• Local replicas updated first, then public directory
• Neighboring caches updated either by the anchor cache (2.2) or by public directory (2.4)
Record cache (anchor)
Update
Replica
Update Ack
Authorized public directory
Record cache
Update
10 Bangkok, Thailand, 14-16 November 2016 ITU Kaleidoscope 2016 - ICTs for a Sustainable World
(1)
(2.3)
(2.1)
(2.4)
(3)
(2.2)
Record owner
• Computation, storage, and networking resources dynamically adjusted based on workload and performance
Resources adjustment for performance
Infrastructure Provider (InP)
Records storage & replication
Resource Controller (RC)
Place Type Amount Lookup (scheduling) Update
Load statistics
IoT Directory Service Provider
Performance prediction
Load statistics and performance metrics
Resource request
Resource allocation
11 Bangkok, Thailand, 14-16 November 2016 ITU Kaleidoscope 2016 - ICTs for a Sustainable World
• Presented design of IoT directory service to store information (records) about huge number of IoT devices and provide fast lookup and dynamic update
• Envisioning IoT applications requiring info about IoT devices within milliseconds (for secure, realtime communication)
• Future work
– Modeling of required resources to guarantee performance
– Implementation with NoSQL database (to store and lookup heterogeneous names), NFV and SDN tools
– Standardization of research outcome in ITU-T
Conclusion
12 Bangkok, Thailand, 14-16 November 2016 ITU Kaleidoscope 2016 - ICTs for a Sustainable World
13 Bangkok, Thailand, 14-16 November 2016 ITU Kaleidoscope 2016 - ICTs for a Sustainable World
Language:English
Score: 904249.4
-
https://www.itu.int/en/ITU-T/a...leidoscope2016-slides-ver2.pdf
Data Source: un
Evaluation of water, sanitation and hygiene interventions to enhance climate action and social cohesion
Outcome 3 Goal Area 4 Programme replication or scale-up
This evaluation will reflect on UNICEF support to vulnerable communities and institutions, to strengthen resilience to the impacts of climate change and water insecurity and contribute to social cohesion through improved WASH- related services.
2027 100 000 (OR)
Evaluation of climate action programming and cross- sectoral action by UNICEF Jordan
Outcome 3 Goal Area 4 Programme replication or scale-up
Responding to major humanitarian emergencies
The evaluation will focus on how climate action has been implemented across sectors in the UNICEF Jordan Country Office within the first half of country programme to identify good practices and lessons learned to further strengthen intersectoral collaboration and push the climate agenda forward.
2025 100 000 (OR)
4
Evaluation title
United Nations Sustainable Development Cooperation Framework (or equivalent) outcome
UNICEF Strategic Plan, 2022–2025 Goal Area
Criteria used for selection
Intended use of evaluation findings
Expected start date (month and year, or year only)
Anticipated cost and provisional source of funding
(Regular resources (RR) or other resources (OR)), in
United States dollars
Evaluation of UNICEF Jordan child protection programme
Outcome 2 Goal Area 3 Programme replication or scale-up
Long periods of unevaluated programme implementation
Evaluation will assess the impact of UNICEF- supported child protection under the country programme 2023–2027, to inform the child protection programme and UNICEF transition into next country programme.
2025 200 000 (OR)
Evaluation of community- based child protection and prevention programme
Outcome 2 Goal Area 3 Programme replication or scale-up
Long periods of unevaluated programme implementation
Evaluation will inform the effectiveness and efficiency of the community-based protection and prevention strategy, including its focus on better parenting.
2027 200 000 (OR)
Evaluation of the UNICEF Jordan health and nutrition programme with a focus on primary health care interventions in select areas of the country
Outcome 2 Goal Area 1 Programme replication or scale-up
Long periods of unevaluated Programme implementation
Evaluation will assess the effectiveness, efficiency and impact of the health and nutrition programme and inform the future programming direction.
2026 200 000 (OR)
5
Evaluation title
United Nations Sustainable Development Cooperation Framework (or equivalent) outcome
UNICEF Strategic Plan, 2022–2025 Goal Area
Criteria used for selection
Intended use of evaluation findings
Expected start date (month and year, or year only)
Anticipated cost and provisional source of funding
(Regular resources (RR) or other resources (OR)), in
United States dollars
Impact evaluation of the Makani programme
Outcome 1 Goal Area 5 Programme replication or scale-up
Evaluation will inform enhancement of the overall design of the Makani (‘My Space’) programme, in line with needs of children and youth in Jordan. It will also help UNICEF Jordan to make the programme more self- sustainable and better linked to national social protection systems.
2026 200 000 (OR)
Evaluation of the national aid fund’s Takaful programme
Outcome 1 Goal Area 5 Programme replication or scale-up
This evaluation is intended to inform the process of improving the operational design of the programme and to identify opportunities to enhance its additional components of linking services for persons receiving the National Aid Fund, a social protection grant to the most vulnerable Jordanians.
2025 300 000 (OR)
Evaluation of National Social Protection Strategy, 2019– 2025
Outcome 1 Goal Area 5 Programme replication or scale-up
Long periods of unevaluated programme implementation
The findings will be used to improve and enhance update of National Social Protection Strategy, 2026–2031.
2024 250 000 (OR)
6
Evaluation title
United Nations Sustainable Development Cooperation Framework (or equivalent) outcome
UNICEF Strategic Plan, 2022–2025 Goal Area
Criteria used for selection
Intended use of evaluation findings
Expected start date (month and year, or year only)
Anticipated cost and provisional source of funding
(Regular resources (RR) or other resources (OR)), in
United States dollars
Impact evaluation of the Hajati programme
Outcome 1 Goal Area 2 Programme replication or scale-up
Long periods of unevaluated programme implementation
To document the impact of the Hajati programme and practical lessons learned during its implementation, and to share strategic and forward-looking observations to improve its programme design.
2024 250 000 (OR)
UNICEF Jordan impact on recovery and acceleration of learning programme
Outcome 1 Goal Area 2 Programme replication or scale-up
Long periods of unevaluated programme implementation
To inform the design of a learning recovery programme for the next country programme.
2027 200 000 (OR)
Evaluation of Nahno, the Jordan national youth engagement and volunteering programme
Outcome 1 Goal Area 2 Programme replication or scale-up
Findings from this baseline formative evaluation will be used for future planning to scale up and to institutionalize the programme. (...) Evaluation of the digital skills programme
Outcome 1 Goal Area 2 Programme replication or scale-up
The evaluation findings will inform programming of a graduation strategy, with a special focus on integrating digital skills into the national framework of graduation, in collaboration with the Ministry of Social Development.
2023 150 000 (OR)
Technical and vocational education and training/graduati on programme evaluation
Outcome 1 Goal Area 2 Long periods of unevaluated programme implementation
The findings of the evaluation will provide evidence on programme relevance, especially factors relating to return on investment, gender and female labour force participation.
2023 150 000 (OR)
Total resources 200 000 (RR) 3 075 000 (OR)
3 275 000 (Total) a
a There will be an additional cost of $1,207,585 for evaluation staff (one staff member at the P4 level for five years).
Language:English
Score: 900360.2
-
https://www.unicef.org/executi...1-Jordan_CEP-EN-2022.06.13.pdf
Data Source: un
Figure 2.7-2 – Damage to the transmission IC by lightning strikes
This damage is due to a breakdown between a conductor track and a ground as a result of an impulse overvoltage.
Replicating field damage in the laboratory
In an attempt to replicate this damage, different types of lightning surges, as recommended in Rec. (...) The next type of test was to investigate whether the operation of a GDT or sparkgap could cause a very high dV/dt and replicate damage to the IC. This test was performed with a GDT or sparkgap across the line or line to earth. (...) The charging currents did not cause damage but when one side of the line discharged to earth, the damage was replicated.
Miti(08)_F2.7-2
Language:English
Score: 890738
-
https://www.itu.int/wftp3/Publ...tigation-part2-merged-E_50.pdf
Data Source: un
Miti(08)_F2.7-2 Figure 2.7-2 – Damage to the transmission IC by lightning strikes This damage is due to a breakdown between a conductor track and a ground as a result of an impulse overvoltage. Replicating field damage in the laboratory In an attempt to replicate this damage, different types of lightning surges, as recommended in Rec. (...) The next type of test was to investigate whether the operation of a GDT or sparkgap could cause a very high dV/dt and replicate damage to the IC. This test was performed with a GDT or sparkgap across the line or line to earth. (...) The charging currents did not cause damage but when one side of the line discharged to earth, the damage was replicated. Case study 2.7 – 2 –
Language:English
Score: 890738
-
https://www.itu.int/wftp3/Publ...gation/WebSearch/page0050.html
Data Source: un
John Bosco Core PTC-Lodongo to train caregivers, parents and youths in the replication of children’s play and learning materials contained in the ECD Kit. (...) This shows the continued interest in scaling up the replication of the Kit and integration of play in early childhood learning and stimulation in other centres.
(...) Thus, participation in replication of children’s play materials has helped them refrain from misuse of their talents, time and creativity.
Language:English
Score: 889039.55
-
https://www.unicef.org/uganda/...play-materials-vital-young-men
Data Source: un
The organization that receives the grant should have the capacity to not only replicate but become a trainer of trainers and center of excellence in the methodology or technology.
(...) For example, a cooperative or association that can replicate the solution to hundreds of its members.
(...) One (1) Strategic Project of US$150,000.00 will be awarded to an eligible organization that meets the eligibility criteria and with strong replication/scaling up impact with the GEF SGP Mauritius Country Programme.
Language:English
Score: 888369.3
-
https://www.undp.org/belize/ne...posals-south-south-cooperation
Data Source: un
