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According to a rapid assessment conducted in three districts (Rasht, Isfara and Kulob) in 2014, on average only 2 per cent of the women washed their hands with soap at four critical moments (after using the toilet, before cooking, after cleaning a child and before feeding a child). (...) A/HRC/33/49/Add.2 GE.16-12008 9 hygiene practices are partly due to a lack of public awareness and partly due to the unavailability of facilities and materials such as soap. B. Quality of water and sanitation services 22. (...) The World Health Organization standards for water, sanitation and hygiene in health facilities require on-site water supplies of 5-400 litres per person per day, on-site sanitation facilities and a reliable water point with soap or alcohol-based rubs available in all relevant areas.

The Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment monitors the situation of some of the groundwater and surface water sources. 2. Sanitation 15. According to the Public Health Act, local governments have the power and duty to collect and dispose of sewage in their respective areas. (...) The authorities of the Central Women Correctional Institution explained that each inmate receives a hygiene kit containing, among other things, a bar of soap, toothpaste and 10 sanitary napkins per month, additional sanitary napkins needing to be requested if those provided are insufficient. (...) A/HRC/24/44/Add.3 14 GE.13-15601 surface water by sampling, and according to government officials, building of treatment plants will be a priority in areas where such a negative impact has been detected. 47.

Lesotho is a mountainous country, with the highest mountain at approximately 3,400 metres above sea level and no land that falls below 1,400 metres above sea level. It has a surface area of approximately 30,000 km2. Three quarters of the land is highlands with severe winter seasons and heavy snowfalls that often make it difficult for the population to access basic services such as water and sanitation. 4. (...) Limited availability of hygiene products and facilities was also observed when the Special Rapporteur visited both the male and female Lesotho correctional services. The provision of soap was limited owing to budgetary constraints and inmates relied on their families and charity organizations to provide soap and other hygienic products. It was also the same for educational facilities, particularly schools in rural areas, where students testified that even with access to water and toilets, they often did not have soap for hand-washing. B. Accessibility 47.

The rest rely on neighbours’ taps, wells, water kiosks, rivers and other surface-water sources. The reported average water tariff of piped water in 2010/11 was 31 Kenyan shillings ($0.34) per cubic metre, and the price is much higher at unregulated water points. (...) The Government itself stated in the Kenya National Water Development Report of 2006 that water resources had been mismanaged through laws, policies and institutions that did not take into consideration sustainable use of water and land, through weak practices of water allocation, through increased pollution and through degradation of surface-water resources. Kenya is not an exception among the countries in the region whose water resources are negatively affected by climate change. (...) In Kisumu County, she saw non-functioning and abandoned toilets in a school and water basins without water, taps or soap. The Special Rapporteur also observed this pattern in other counties.

GE.11-12967 (C) 040511 200611 人权理事会 第十六届会议 议程项目 3 增进和保护所有人权――公民权利、政治权利、

The Special Rapporteur visited different parts of the prison, including prisoners’ cells located in different sections of the prison and subject to different security levels, and found everywhere to be generally clean and relatively spacious; the prisoners had access to toilets and showers, in conditions that ensured respect for their privacy and dignity. Even though soap was not visible on the washing basins, the Special Rapporteur was informed that each prisoner received a bar of soap on checking into the prison, which they kept in their respective cells 22. (...) Namibia’s Vision 2030 recognizes that the country is extremely vulnerable to the effects of water pollution – mainly because of its limited supply of surface water and high dependency on groundwater sources.

However, the official capacity of places of detention appears to be calculated on the basis of available beds rather than available space per inmate, which in some facilities results in available surface areas as small as 2 m2 or less per inmate, thus clearly falling short of the universally recommended minimum standards of 3.4 m2 per inmate in collective accommodation and 5.4 m2 in single cells.10 1. (...) The ceilings are not waterproof, and when it rains water collects on the concrete surface of the sleeping area. There were only improvised electrical installations and almost a complete absence of natural or artificial light. 75. (...) All hygiene products, including toilet paper and soap, and medicines and drugs had to be provided by the family as the administration reportedly did not have the necessary budget. 80.

Use of satellite meteorological data in GIS 11. Surface winds from scatterometer data 12. Sea level from altimeter data 13. (...) Use of satellite meteorological data in GIS (demonstration) 7. Surface winds from scatterometer data (demonstration) 8. (...) Identifying oceanic and atmospheric features from NOAA-AVHRR data 5. A study of sea-surface temperatures and sea-surface winds over the Indian Sea using the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) microwave imager and IRS-P4 MSMR data 6.

Surface mining, or “mountaintop removal mining”, as those opposing the activity refer to it, is a deeply contested issue in West Virginia and beyond. The Working Group does not have a mandate to take a position for or against the practice and confines its interest as to whether actual or potential adverse human rights impacts are identified, prevented, mitigated and addressed. 67. Surface mining is regulated at both federal and state levels under the Surface Mining Control and Reclamation Act and the Clean Water Act, and the relevant West Virginia state laws respectively. (...) At a meeting with the Working Group, officials of the Department outlined key elements of the consultative processes carried out in granting mining permits. 42 The Working Group also received information about the functions of the environmental advocate.43 It notes the efforts of the Department to engage with and respond to community concerns related to surface mining. 68. The Working Group was informed that some of the communities most directly impacted by surface mining were isolated and economically marginalized.

Characteristic variations in reflectance of surface soils. Journal of the Soil Science Society of America. 45:1161, 1981. (...) New Delhi, Tata McGraw-Hill, 1986. 314. Perrier, A. Land surface processes: vegetation. Land surface processes in atmos- pheric general circulation models. (...) A review of satellite data algorithm for studies of land surface. Bulletin American Meteorological Society. 71(10):1429, 1990.