Physical and bodily integrity
The regulations require women athletes with differences in sex development who
have natural testosterone levels that are higher than 5nmol/L to lower their testosterone
level for a period of 6 months prior to a competition and continuously thereafter so as to
be eligible to compete. (...) Impossible “Choices”: The Inherent Harms of Regulating
Women’s Testosterone in Sport, Journal of Bioethical Inquiry 2018 5 Jordan-Young and Others 2014. Sex Health and Athletes, British Medical Journal 348:g29264.
6
Lowering testosterone levels is also possible through the use of, i.e.: hormonal
contraceptives.
Language:English
Score: 1850671.5
-
https://www.ohchr.org/sites/de...ealth/Letter_IAAF_Sept2018.pdf
Data Source: un
Contact reproductivehealth@who.int http://www.who.int/reproductivehealth/en/
Study on sperm suppression using Norethisterone enanthate and testosterone undecanoate
Objectives and
Background
Overall goal: The study was designed to address the following primary objectives:
1. (...) Background: The study was designed to evaluate whether the combination of a progestin, norethisterone enantate (NET-EN), and an androgen, testosterone undecanoate (TU), represents a safe and effective method of male fertility regulation.
Language:English
Score: 1676378.3
-
https://www.who.int/reproducti...cts/HRX4_Sperm-suppression.pdf
Data Source: un
INTERSECTION OF RACE AND GENDER DISCRIMINATION IN SPORT : REPORT OF THE UNITED NATIONS HIGH COMMISSIONER FOR HUMAN RIGHTS
Taking into account the concerns raised in Human Rights Council resolution 40/5, the
present report provides an analysis of the human rights impact of sports regulations and
practices that require women and girl athletes with so-called differences in sex development
– meaning variations in sex characteristics4 – whose bodies produce specified (higher-than-
typical) levels of endogenous testosterone and are sensitive to androgens, to medically reduce
their testosterone levels.
(...) These regulations
restricted the permissible amount of naturally occurring testosterone in female athletes and
required them to undergo interventions to lower their testosterone to specified levels in order
to compete.55 IOC has issued its own version of such regulations.56
29. (...) A/HRC/44/26
8
characteristics to reduce their blood testosterone to a specified level so as to maintain
eligibility to compete in the female category.
32.
Language:English
Score: 1550053.3
-
https://daccess-ods.un.org/acc...get?open&DS=A/HRC/44/26&Lang=E
Data Source: ods
ELIMINATION OF DISCRIMINATION AGAINST WOMEN AND GIRLS IN SPORT :RESOLUTION / ADOPTED BY THE HUMAN RIGHTS COUNCIL ON 21 MARCH 2019
Expresses concern that regulations, rules and practices that require women
and girl athletes with differences of sex development, androgen sensitivity and levels of
testosterone to medically reduce their blood testosterone levels may contravene
international human rights norms and standards, including the right to equality and non-
discrimination, the right to the highest attainable standard of physical and mental health, the
right to sexual and reproductive health, the right to work and to the enjoyment of just and
favourable conditions of work, the right to privacy, the right to freedom from torture or
other cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment, and full respect for the dignity,
bodily integrity and bodily autonomy of the person;
2.
Language:English
Score: 1528643.2
-
https://daccess-ods.un.org/acc...?open&DS=A/HRC/RES/40/5&Lang=E
Data Source: ods
ELIMINATION OF DISCRIMINATION AGAINST WOMEN AND GIRLS IN SPORT : DRAFT RESOLUTION / ESWATINI, MOZAMBIQUE, SOUTH AFRICA, ZAMBIA, ZIMBABWE
Expresses concern that discriminatory regulations, rules and practices that may
require women and girl athletes with differences of sex development, androgen sensitivity
and levels of testosterone to medically reduce their blood testosterone levels contravene
international human rights norms and standards, including the right to equality and non-
discrimination, the right to the highest attainable standard of physical and mental health, the
right to sexual and reproductive health, the right to work and to the enjoyment of just and
favourable conditions of work, the right to privacy, the right to freedom from torture and
other cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment and harmful practices, and full respect for the
dignity, bodily integrity and bodily autonomy of the person;
2.
Language:English
Score: 1519059.8
-
https://daccess-ods.un.org/acc...&DS=A/HRC/40/L.10/REV.1&Lang=E
Data Source: ods
ELIMINATION OF DISCRIMINATION AGAINST WOMEN AND GIRLS IN SPORT : DRAFT RESOLUTION / SOUTH AFRICA
Expresses concern that discriminatory regulations, rules and practices that
may require women and girl athletes with differences in sex development, androgen
sensitivity and levels of testosterone to reduce their blood testosterone levels medically
contravene international human rights norms and standards, including the right to equality,
the right to the highest attainable standard of physical and mental health, the right to sexual
and reproductive health, the right to employment, the right to privacy, the right to freedom
from torture and other cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment and harmful practices, and
full respect for the dignity, bodily integrity and bodily autonomy of the person;
2.
Language:English
Score: 1519059.8
-
https://daccess-ods.un.org/acc...t?open&DS=A/HRC/40/L.10&Lang=E
Data Source: ods
FOLLOW-UP TO THE 4TH WORLD CONFERENCE ON WOMEN AND TO THE 23RD SPECIAL SESSION OF THE GENERAL ASSEMBLY, ENTITLED "WOMEN 2000 : GENDER EQUALITY, DEVELOPMENT AND PEACE FOR THE 21ST CENTURY" : STATEMENT / SUBMITTED BY PATHWAYS TO PEACE, WOMENU+2019S INTERCULTURAL NETWORK AND WOMENU+2019S WORLD SUMMIT FOUNDATION
This contrasts to men’s “fight or flight” physiological adrenaline
and testosterone response to stress, which increases aggression and competitiveness.
For peace and sustainability, political decisions and budgets need to be more
oxytocin-influenced and less testosterone-driven; for Security Council resolution
1325 (2000) to be effective, gender equality and women’s empowerment are
requirements.
8.
Language:English
Score: 1491017.4
-
daccess-ods.un.org/acce...n&DS=E/CN.6/2011/NGO/10&Lang=E
Data Source: ods
untitled
...........................................................................................................................
World Health Organization reference values for human semen
Language:English
Score: 1454560.7
-
https://www.who.int/reproducti...fertility/cooper_et_al_hru.pdf
Data Source: un
Topics
Publications
HRP research programme
About us
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Contact us
Current HRP projects
Contraception and family planning
WHO Family Planning Accelerator project pdf, 277kb
Community and Provider driven Social Accountability Intervention (CaPSAI) Project pdf, 103kb
Effect of combined contraceptive pills on exclusive breastfeeding and infant weight gain; a double-blind randomized clinical trial of combined and progestogen-only pills with an observational control group of IUD users pdf, 93kb
The Evidence for Contraceptive options and HIV Outcomes (ECHO) Trial pdf, 110kb January 2018
Community monitoring and social accountability intervention (CPSAI) – UPTAKE Project Intervention Phase pdf, 105kb
Effect of combined contraceptive pills on exclusive breastfeeding and infant weight gain; a double-blind randomized clinical trial of combined and progestogen-only pills with an observational control group of IUD users pdf, 96kb
Effectiveness of a package of postpartum family planning interventions on the uptake of contraceptive methods until 8-9 months postpartum in Burkina Faso and the Democratic Republic of Congo pdf, 284kb
WHO-FIGO family planning guidelines collaboration on updating of reproductive health guidelines and tools pdf, 92kb
Post-voucher intervention follow-up: Exploring continuation of modern contraceptive method use, switching and change in fertility behaviour among the voucher users pdf, 90kb
2015
Strengthening family planning and contraceptive services using WHO contraception guidelines pdf, 299kb
A prospective, open-label, single arm, multicentre study to evaluate efficacy, safety and acceptability of the pericoital oral contraception using levonorgestrel 1.5 mg pdf, 207kb
Study to evaluate the pericoital oral contraceptive use of Levonorgestrel 1.5 mg pdf, 184kb
Assessment of provider knowledge and availability of emergency contraception in Malawian health facilities and private pharmacies pdf, 206kb
Study on sperm suppression using Norethisterone enanthate and testosterone undecanoate pdf, 186kb
UPTAKE- A health sector and community-based participatory approach to increase met needs for contraception pdf, 104kb
Post Partum Family Planning Operations Research pdf, 186kb
Temperature recording vaginal ring for accurate measurement of user adherence pdf, 185kb
Other research topics
Photoshare
A couple in India, receives family planning counselling.
Language:English
Score: 1290932.1
-
https://www.who.int/reproducti...lth/projects/contraception/en/
Data Source: un
These regulations restricted the permissible amount of naturally occurring testosterone in female athletes and required them to undergo interventions to lower their testosterone to specified levels in order to compete. (...) [footnoteRef:59] [59: Katrina Karkazis and Morgan Carpenter, “Impossible ‘choices’: the inherent harms of regulating women’s testosterone in sport”, Journal of Bioethical Inquiry, vol. 15 (2018), pp. 579–587.]
30. (...) Female eligibility regulations may push some athletes to undergo investigations, tests and interventions, for example to lower testosterone levels, which may have negative physical and mental health impacts.
Language:English
Score: 1281876.9
-
https://www.ohchr.org/sites/de...Documents/A_HRC_44_26_AEV.docx
Data Source: un
