Home

A/HRC/8/4/Add.2 page 7 15. The vast majority of human rights violations are committed by the armed forces and the police and thus fall within the jurisdiction of the military tribunals. (...) They often have misgivings about the formal system, having observed the corruption among judges and court officers, political interference and inefficiency affecting the entire system, and the resulting A/HRC/8/4/Add.2 page 16 impunity that prevails in the vast majority of cases. People thus have more confidence in the customary justice system, which is more familiar, easier to understand and easily accessible. (...) In view of all the above, the Special Rapporteur notes that the judicial system is not accessible to the vast majority of the population. This is especially true of those who are most vulnerable: the poor, who make up the majority of the population, and women, who are victims of sexual violence.

However, despite the fact that Bolivia is a country rich in mineral resources, including natural gas and oil, and metals including silver, gold, iron, zinc and tin, the vast majority of its people have not benefited from this natural wealth and remain very poor. (...) A/HRC/7/5/Add.2 page 6 8. Although Bolivia has vast natural wealth from mineral and energy resources, the majority of the population is still extremely poor. (...) The situation is particularly severe in rural areas, where up to 43 per cent of the population has no access to safe drinking water and 75 per cent have no sanitation,19 the vast majority of whom are indigenous peoples.20 The quality of existing drinking water is also problematic, given a continued lack of adequate water treatment.

Indigenous history and identity in Timor-Leste 5. The vast majority of the population of Timor-Leste is of Malay-Polynesian and Melanesian-Papuan origin. (...) Indigenous concepts such as lisan (customary law and practices) and lulik (sacred/spiritual/forbidden) form an integral part of and regulate everyday life for the vast majority of the population, providing guidance both on the relationship between people and between people and nature. (...) However, to date, neither the Constitution, the Penal Code nor other legislation has been adopted to give concrete guidance on how such customs should be recognized in practice. 27. The vast majority of legal conflicts are settled in the customary justice system at the hamlet (aldeia) or village (suco) level.

On the contrary, one could not turn a blind eye to hate biased speeches delivered by few – but influential- Muslim religious leaders in Thrace, which insult the Christian majority. The few provocative statements by a specific NGO should leave the vast majority of the members of the Muslim minority in Thrace to continue living in harmony with their Christian fellow–Greek citizens. -- -- -- -- --

The reform, currently under way, consists of two distinct phases.4 Short of a qualified majority that would enable it to change the Constitution, during the first phase the ruling majority put in place a coordinated set of actions aimed at bringing the Constitutional Tribunal under its control. (...) The crisis was born as a conflict of views between the new parliamentary majority and the outgoing governing political party over their right to appoint new constitutional judges. (...) The aim of these acts was, according to many commentators, to secure for the governing majority the chance to appoint the new President and to take control over the Tribunal.

This is progress compared to the ambiguous article 16 of the Constitution which provided that a person charged with an offence shall be allowed to obtain the assistance of a lawyer whenever such assistance is required. Yet, a concrete major problem is the shortage of lawyers, as already noted, and the absence of a legal aid system within Maldives, where legal representation is unaffordable for the vast majority of the population. 49. (...) During his visit, including to the Maafushi prison, the Special Rapporteur observed that the vast majority of prisoners were young. The criminalization of young drug users and the imposition of very severe sentences is a particularly serious problem. (...) According to the information provided by the Government, the vast majority of current offenders started at the age of 12 to 16 with petty offences, some of them ending up as serious criminals.

Roma representatives highlighted the “myth” that vast resources are directed towards Roma programmes, a myth that helps to perpetuate negative attitudes towards Roma. (...) While at least seven out of ten women in the majority population completed secondary or tertiary education, no more than one in ten Roma women did. (...) According to the World Bank, the vast majority of working-age Roma lack sufficient education to participate successfully in the labour market.24 Unemployment rates in Roma communities are disproportionately high.

This approach fails to acknowledge that the vast majority of domestic violence cases concern violence committed by men against their current or former female partners. (...) These evidentiary requirements, which are meant to prevent fraudulent abuse of the domestic violence provision, undermine the norm’s utility because the vast majority of women do not dare, or do not want to, report their abusive partners to the police. (...) The precarious situation of domestic migrant workers in the Netherlands, the vast majority of whom are women, is also noteworthy.

The number of internally displaced persons with mental health and psychosocial problems, including severe psychological distress, has increased substantially as a result of the conflict and the forced displacement they have faced. 8. Although the vast majority of the current displacement situation in Libya stems from the armed conflict, that is not the only factor causing displacement in the country. (...) Information submitted to the Special Rapporteur indicates that the vast majority of survivors of sexual and gender-based violence in Libya do not receive adequate assistance. (...) The nature of the conflict in 2011 meant that the entire population of the city of Tawergha — approximately 43,000 people — were forced to flee their homes. The majority of them sought refuge in informal settlements around Tripoli or Benghazi.

GE.12-14102 (C) 210612 030712 人权理事会 第十六届会议 议程项目 3 增进和保护所有人权――公民权利、政治权利、 经济、社会和文化权利，包括发展权 负责国内流离失所者人权问题的秘书长代表 瓦尔特·卡林的报告 增编 对 2007年访问阿塞拜疆的后续访问 更正 第 4段 最后一句应更正为： The vast majority of IDPs originate from seven territories around Nagorno-Karabakh and have been displaced since the armed conflict in and around the Nagorno-Karabakh region which ended with the 1994 ceasefire, which, to date, is still in place.