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  Plant Production and Protection Division: Glossary

Plant Production and Protection Division: Glossary english FAO Home Plant Production and Protection Division Thematic sitemap Information Resources News, Events, Bulletins in Keywords Contacts NSP - Glossary   Abbreviations CBD –Convention on Biological Diversity CIAT – International Centre for Tropical Agriculture COP- Conference of the Parties FAO – Food and Agriculture Organisation ICCP - Intergovernmental Committee for the Catagena Protocol on Biosafety SBSTTA  - Subsidiary Body on Scientific, Technical and Technological Advice TSBF – Tropical Soil Biology and Fertility Institute of CIAT UNESCO – United Nations Cultural Scientific Organisation WGRI - Working Group on the Review of the Implementation WHO – World Health Organisation   Scientific Terms Clay – materials derived from rock minerals, mainly made from silicon, aluminium, magnesium Compaction – process by which soil structure is altered by compression resulting loss of pore space Ecosystem: a description of all the organisms living and how they interact with one another and with non-living parts in a particular environment. (...) Polymer – larger molecule made up from repeating unit of smaller molecules Salinisation - the accumulation of soluble salts of sodium, magnesium and calcium in soil to the extent that soil fertility is severely reduced Saphrophyte – an organism which gains its nourishment from dead or decaying organic matter Soil erosion - removal of soil by natural causes such as wind, water       Contact us   | Terms and Conditions |  Scam Alert © FAO, 2022

Score: 2152684 - https://www.fao.org/agricultur...sity/useful-links/glossary/en/

  A/68/71

OCEANS AND THE LAW OF THE SEA : REPORT OF THE SECRETARY-GENERAL

Score: 2072726.2 - daccess-ods.un.org/acce...nsf/get?open&DS=A/68/71&Lang=E

  UN/SCEGHS/42/INF.10

A9.7.1.2 The level of the metal ion which may be present in solution following the addition of the metal and/or its compounds, will largely be determined by two processes: the extent to which it can be dissolved, i.e. its water solubility, and the extent to which it can react with the media to transform to water soluble forms. (...) A9.7.5.3.2.1 All metal compounds with a water solubility (either measured e.g. through 24-hour Dissolution Screening test or estimated e.g. from the solubility product) ≥ L(E)C50 of the dissolved metal ion concentration are considered as readily soluble metal compounds. (...) Metal compounds will be considered as poorly soluble if the water solubility (measured e.g. through a screening test, or estimated e.g. from the solubility product), expressed as the concentration of dissolved metal ion, is less than the acute ERVion.

Score: 1759032.4 - https://unece.org/sites/defaul...22-06/UN-SCEGHS-42-INF10e.docx

  1 Status update on t

A9.7.1.2 The level of the metal ion which may be present in solution following the addition of the metal and/or its compounds, will largely be determined by two processes: the extent to which it can be dissolved, i.e. its water solubility, and the extent to which it can react with the media to transform to water soluble forms. (...) A9.7.5.3.2.1 All metal compounds with a water solubility (either measured e.g. through 24-hour Dissolution Screening test or estimated e.g. from the solubility product) ≥ L(E)C50 of the dissolved metal ion concentration are considered as readily soluble metal compounds. Metal compounds will be considered as readily soluble if the water solubility (measured e.g. through a screening test according to the T/D protocol, or estimated e.g. from the solubility product), expressed as the concentration of dissolved metal ion, is greater than or equal to the acute ERVion.

Score: 1759032.4 - https://unece.org/sites/defaul...022-06/UN-SCEGHS-42-INF10e.pdf

  DIATOMACEOUS EARTH

FUNCTIONAL USES Filtering aid CHARACTERISTICS IDENTIFICATION Solubility (Vol. 4) Insoluble in water, in acids (except hydrofluoric), and in dilute alkalis Microscopy When examined with 100x to 200x microscope, typical diatom shapes are observed pH (Vol. 4) Boil 10 g of sample with 100 ml of water for 1 h and filter through a fine- porosity sintered-glass filter or a suitable filter paper. (...) The residue does not exceed 50 mg. Water-soluble substances Not more than 0.5% To 10 g of the dried sample, add 100 ml of water, and boil for 2 h, supplementing water with occasional shaking. (...) DIATOMACEOUS EARTH SYNONYMS DEFINITION C.A.S. number DESCRIPTION FUNCTIONAL USES CHARACTERISTICS IDENTIFICATION Solubility (Vol. 4) Microscopy pH (Vol. 4) Volatilization PURITY Loss on drying (Vol. 4) Loss on ignition (Vol. 4) Hydrofluoric acid-insoluble substances Water-soluble substances Hydrochloric acid-soluble substances Arsenic (Vol. 4) Lead (Vol. 4)

Score: 1756346.5 - https://www.fao.org/fileadmin/...cs/Monograph1/Additive-151.pdf

  Microsoft Word - CTA ANNATTO EXTRACTS Final.doc

By hydrolysis of the ester group, the water-soluble norbixin (cis- and trans- forms) are formed. (...) Water-soluble annatto powders usually contain 1 – 15% norbixin The extended use of annatto in industries other than the traditional dairy industry has increased the use of water-soluble annatto considerably. (...) Dissolve 25-50 mg of sample in 50 mL of a suitable solvent. Because sample solubility may vary considerably between oil-soluble and water-soluble extracts, no single solvent is suitable for all preparations.

Score: 1723755.9 - https://www.fao.org/fileadmin/...s/pdf/jecfa/cta/67/annatto.pdf

  Microsoft Word - additive-238-m5 corrected.doc

Chemical names Iron Oxide Yellow: Hydrated ferric oxide, hydrated iron (III) oxide Iron Oxide Red: Iron sesquioxide, anhydrous ferric oxide, anhydrous iron (III) oxide Iron Oxide Black: Ferroso ferric oxide, iron (II,III) oxide C.A.S. number Iron Oxide Yellow: 51274-00-1 Iron Oxide Red: 1309-37-1 Iron Oxide Black: 1317-61-9 Chemical formula Iron Oxide Yellow: FeO(OH) · xH2O Iron Oxide Red: Fe2O3 Iron Oxide Black: FeO · Fe2O3 Formula weight 88.85 FeO(OH) 159.70 Fe2O3 231.55 FeO · Fe2O3 Assay Not less than 60% of iron DESCRIPTION Yellow, red, brown or black powder FUNCTIONAL USES Colour CHARACTERISTICS IDENTIFICATION Solubility (Vol. 4) Insoluble in water and organic solvents; soluble in concentrated mineral acids PURITY Loss on drying (Vol. 4) Iron Oxide Red : Not more than 1.0% (105°, 4 h) Water-soluble matter Not more than 1.0% See description under TESTS Arsenic (Vol. 4) Not more than 3 mg/kg Determine by the atomic absorption hydride technique. (...) Mercury (Vol. 4) Not more than 1 mg/kg Determine by the cold vapour atomic absorption technique. TESTS PURITY TESTS Water-soluble matter Weigh accurately 5.0 g of iron oxide, transfer to a 250 ml beaker, add 200 ml of water and boil for 5 minutes; stir to avoid bumping. (...) Water-soluble matter (%) = 250 x WR/WS where WR is the weight of residue (g) and WS is the weight of sample taken (g).

Score: 1722304.1 - https://www.fao.org/fileadmin/...monograph5/additive-238-m5.pdf

  Volume 2.10 | Global Soil Partnership | Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations

When the level of soluble salts increases, the usual effect is a decrease in plant growth; therefore, the determination of soluble salt is of considerable significance. Soils affected by high levels of soluble salt are also difficult to manage, particularly when sodium (Na+) is the main cation contributing to the high salt level. (...) Increasing the percentage of salt also increases the osmotic potential of the soil and thus generates competition for water between the soil and the plant roots. The methods to quantify EC in soils already harmonized by GLOSOLAN are the following:   Soil Electrical Conductivity (soil/water, 1:5) ( EN | AR ) Saturated soil paste extract ( EN | AR ) Back to the Best Practice Manual Contact us Terms and Conditions Data protection and privacy Scam Alert Report Misconduct Jobs Procurement Governing Bodies Office of the Inspector General Evaluation Legal Office Ethics Office FAO organizational chart Regional Office for Africa Regional Office for Asia and the Pacific Regional Office for Europe and Central Asia Regional Office for Latin America and the Caribbean Regional Office for the Near East and North Africa Country Offices X Follow us on                                             Download our App © FAO, 2022

Score: 1720373.8 - https://www.fao.org/global-soi...-analysis/sops/volume-2.10/en/

  ASCORBIC ACID

SYNONYMS Vitamin C; INS No. 300 DEFINITION Chemical names L-Ascorbic acid, ascorbic acid, 2,3-didehydro-L-threo-hexono-1,4-lactone, 3- keto-L-gulofuranolactone C.A.S. number 50-81-7 Chemical formula C6H8O6 Structural formula Formula weight 176.13 Assay Not less than 99% on the dried basis DESCRIPTION White to slightly yellow, odourless crystalline powder; melting point about 190o with decomposition FUNCTIONAL USES Antioxidant CHARACTERISTICS IDENTIFICATION Solubility (Vol. 4) Freely soluble in water; sparingly soluble in ethanol; insoluble in ether Colour reaction To 2 ml of a 2.0% solution in water, add 2 ml of water, 0.1 g of sodium hydrogen carbonate and about 0.02 g of ferrous sulfate. (...) Reducing reaction A solution of the sample in water immediately reduces potassium permanganate TS without heating, producing a brown precipitate A solution of the sample in ethanol will decolourize a solution of 2,6- dichlorophenol-indophenol TS. (...) METHOD OF ASSAY Dissolve about 0.400 g of the sample, previously dried in a vacuum desiccator over sulfuric acid for 24 hours, in a mixture of 100 ml of carbon dioxide-free water and 25 ml of dilute sulfuric acid TS. Titrate the solution at once with 0.1 N iodine, adding a few drops of starch TS as indicator as the end point is approached.

Score: 1718270 - https://www.fao.org/fileadmin/...cs/Monograph1/Additive-043.pdf

  EDIBLE GELATIN

FUNCTIONAL USES Stabilizer, gelling agent, emulsifying agent, crystallization inhibitor CHARACTERISTICS IDENTIFICATION Solubility (Vol. 4) Insoluble in cold water, but swells and softens when immersed, gradually absorbing from 5 to 10 times its own weight of water; soluble in hot water, forming a jelly on cooling; soluble in acetic acid; insoluble in ethanol, chloroform and ether Precipitate formation To a solution (1 in 100) add trinitrophenol TS or a solution of potassium dichromate (1 in 15) previously mixed with about one-fourth its volume of dilute hydrochloric acid: a yellow precipitate is formed To a solution (1 in 100) add mercuric nitrate solution; a white precipitate is formed which develops a brick red colour on warming. Development of turbidity To a solution (1 in 5,000) add tannic acid TS; the solution becomes turbid Evolution of ammonia When heated with soda lime, ammonia is evolved PURITY Loss on drying (Vol. 4) Not more than 18% (100-105o, 6 h) Odour and water insoluble substances A hot solution (1 in 40) is free from any disagreeable odour; when viewed in a layer 2 cm thick, shows not more than a slight opalescence Sulfur dioxide (Vol. 4) Not more than 40 mg/kg 2 Ash (Vol. 4) Not more than 2% Arsenic (Vol. 4) Not more than 1 mg/kg (Method II) Lead (Vol. 4) Not more than 1.5 mg/kg Determine using an atomic absorption technique appropriate to the specified level. (...) Cadmium (Vol. 4) Not more than 0.5 mg/kg Mercury (Vol. 4) Not more than 0.15 mg/kg Microbiological criteria (Vol. 4) Standard plate count: <104/g Enterobacteriaceae or bacteria of the coli-aerogenes group: <10/g Lancefield group D streptococci: <102/g EDIBLE GELATIN SYNONYMS DEFINITION C.A.S. number DESCRIPTION FUNCTIONAL USES CHARACTERISTICS IDENTIFICATION Solubility (Vol. 4) Precipitate formation Development of turbidity Evolution of ammonia PURITY Loss on drying (Vol. 4) Odour and water insoluble substances Arsenic (Vol. 4) Lead (Vol. 4) Cadmium (Vol. 4) Mercury (Vol. 4)

Score: 1697827 - https://www.fao.org/fileadmin/...cs/Monograph1/Additive-171.pdf