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Discharge reverses this process, sodium passing back through the beta alumina into the positive compartment, reacting with the metal chloride to reform sodium chloride and metal, whilst leaving the negative compartment nearly, but not completely, empty. (...) Electrochemically, the two systems are similar in that they rely on the ability of the solid sodium beta alumina (a ceramic like material) to conduct sodium ions in both directions when heated above about 250°C, whilst remaining an electronic insulator, thus making the perfect electrolyte. 9. (...) This acts as a secondary electrolyte for the following reason. Whilst, at operating temperature (250°C or above), both sodium and sulphur/sodium polysulphides are liquid in the sodium sulphur cell, only the sodium is molten at similar temperatures in the sodium metal chloride cell.

Colonial-era legislation bans all non-Christian religious groups from Angola. Whilst this legislation has not been repealed, it is no longer enforced. (...) Information provided by the Government indicates that whilst 85 religious groups have been recognized in Angola, at least a further 757 religious organizations are seeking registration. (...) On 12 July 2007, four men13 were arrested during a religious mass whilst peacefully protesting against the newly appointed Catholic Bishop of Cabinda.

A/HRC/15/G/8 6 GE.10-17621 She called for worldwide decriminalisation as a first priority, whilst stressing that this was only a first step. (...) It said that with regards to HIV, whilst men who have sex with men (MSM) are more likely to be affected than others, prevention services only reach 9% of MSM worldwide. (...) However, the issue had not been an easy one. Whilst Mexico City passed the legislation, other states had appealed to the Supreme Court to oppose such reform.

These interferences continue to be a matter of concern. Whilst the electoral campaign has proceeded without major violence throughout the country, there were over 300 violations of the electoral code registered by February 2006, of which almost 50 per cent were alleged to have been perpetrated by NRM members. (...) Whilst UPDF has improved its response to security needs, the lack of regular payment of LDUs appears to contribute to abuses, including by militia units referred to as the “Arrow Boys” in Teso and “Amuka” in Lango. (...) The majority of the people are predominantly pastoralist, who derive their livelihood from livestock production. 28. Whilst the subregion has potential for sustainable and fruitful development, the absence of security undermines any development gains.

The local commander of the UPDF detachment, who also pleaded guilty, was sentenced for his failure to “take proper command and control”. Whilst OHCHR appreciates the speedy action taken by UPDF to eliminate impunity and establish accountability, concerns remain about reports that the alleged principal perpetrator may have been killed by UPDF after his arrest. (...) The deployment of special police constables to Acholiland is anticipated in early 2007, whilst a number of Anti-Stock Theft Unit officers have already been deployed to Katakwi, Teso. (...) LCCs also at times act on cases outside their jurisdiction, for example on defilement issues. Whilst the conciliatory approach of LCCs is reported to be efficient, the public at times perceive the courts as corrupt and biased.

It appears that many migrants are crossing the Adriatic. Whilst these movements involve an internal EU border, in many cases the persons concerned are third country nationals, who may in fact be in need of international protection, including unaccompanied minors and potential asylum seekers. (...) Nevertheless, in 2011 alone, at least 1,500 persons are estimated to have died while attempting to cross the Mediterranean. Whilst the Special Rapporteur in no way wishes to imply Italian authorities are singlehandedly responsible for these tragedies, the data make apparent the need for ongoing attention to this issue. 39. (...) For example, in Tunisia, the Special Rapporteur met with some Somali women who had sought to reach Italy irregularly on a small boat. Whilst allegedly in Italian territorial waters, the boat began to leak and they issued a distress call.

The Human Rights Act (HRA) 1998 gives effect to most of the European Convention on Human Rights (ECHR) and offers a means to bring human rights claims in British courts 1.4 National framework and context 10. Whilst it is a significant achievement that the UK has the HRA which enshrines the ECHR into domestic law, it has not won hearts and minds across the nation. (...) For example, we welcome the UK Government's initiatives in relation to:  reform of some elements of stop and search powers and processes  a programme of reform in the women's prison estate  steps towards investigating allegations of torture and mistreatment abroad, and  the introduction of a Modern Day Slavery Bill, which has the potential to tackle the abuse of migrant workers and the global growing issue of human trafficking. 16. Whilst we recognise these achievements, we also focus on areas where there has been insufficient progress, or emerging challenges in achieving the goals of the UPR recommendations. (...) EHRC stop and search overview and key recommendations 28 30. Whilst the UK Government did not accept most of the recommendations on stop and search, it did accept to investigate any disproportionality in the use of these powers which was the theme of the UPR recommendations. 31.

The Strategy has as its main objective the promotion of cultural diversity, specifically through the preservation of the linguistic and cultural distinctiveness of minorities, whilst creating a common sense of unity around core Estonian values, in particular Estonian language and Constitution, and promote participation in social, economic and cultural life.2 44. (...) The majority of state authorities recognized the existence of racism and discrimination in Estonia, whilst highlighting the actions and programmes taken by the government to fight these problems. (...) Some state authorities, particularly the Chancellor of Justice, recognized that the elevated number of non-citizens represents a concrete problem, whilst underlining the positive steps taken by the Government in order to facilitate the granting of citizenship.

Most of the 40 members of the Nuclear Suppliers Group, an organisation of suppliers of nuclear equipment and material who act together to reduce the risks of nuclear weapons proliferation through the implementation of suitable export controls, have the technical ability and means to initiate a viable nuclear weapons programme. Whilst the size and readiness of global nuclear capabilities has reduced markedly since the end of the Cold War, large nuclear arsenals remain and some are being modernised (details are set out in Box 2-2).

Such men have a lot of access to young pre-school children - either those playing nearby or those whom they are supposed to be taking care of whilst the mothers are working. The high unemployment rate, the squalid conditions in which many poor people live, boredom, alcohol and drug abuse and the anger and frustration which many men feel were frequently cited to the Special Rapporteur as being contributory factors or causal elements when rapes take place. 25. (...) The two boys captured the young girl E/CN.4/2003/79/Add.1 page 11 and the teenager raped her whilst X watched. X was then encouraged to try.